Repositorio Institucional Académico. Universidad Andrés Bello. Chile :: Examinando por Autor "Delgado-Floody, Pedro"

Examinando por Autor "Delgado-Floody, Pedro"

Mostrando 1 - 20 de 24

A Higher Skeletal Muscle Mass and Lower Adiposity Phenotype Is Associated with Better Cardiometabolic Control in Adults with Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis: Results from the Chilean National Health Survey 2016–2017
(MDPI, 2023-09) Guede-Rojas, Francisco; Ibacache-Saavedra, Paulina; Leal, María Inés; Tuesta, Marcelo; Durán-Marín, Cristóbal; Carrasco-Marín, Fernanda; Cigarroa, Igor; Alvarez, Cristian; Izquierdo, Mikel; Delgado-Floody, Pedro
Objective: This study aimed to (1) characterize cardiometabolic factors in self-reported hip and knee osteoarthritis (OAD) across four body composition phenotypes defined by muscle mass and adiposity, and (2) associate risk factors with diabetes and hypertension (HTN). Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of the Chilean National Health Survey 2016–17 (n = 4996) stratified participants into four groups: low skeletal muscle mass/high waist circumference (Low-SMM/High-WC), low SMM/low WC (Low-SMM/Low-WC), high SMM/high WC (High-SMM/High-WC), and high SMM/low WC (reference group). Each group was further divided into subgroups with or without diagnosed hip or knee OAD. The main outcomes were fasting plasma glucose, systolic (SBP)/diastolic (DBP) blood pressure (continuous outcomes), and other secondary factors such as cardiovascular risk (CVR). Results: In the hip OAD subgroup, the Low-SMM/High-WC groups had significantly higher SBP versus the reference value (145 vs. 127 mmHg, p < 0.0001, diff +18 mmHg). In the knee OAD subgroup, the Low-SMM/High-WC groups had significantly higher SBP versus the reference value (141 vs. 134 mmHg, p < 0.0001, diff +7 mmHg). The SBP showed a significant interaction between the group and OAD diagnosis (p = 0.007 hip OAD; p < 0.0001 knee OAD). Conclusions: Hip and knee OAD associates with elevated SBP/DBP in older adults. OAD groups showed an OR above 2 for diabetes, 2.7 for HTN, 4.5 for metabolic syndrome, and over 2 for moderate-to-high cardiovascular risk. OAD interacts substantially with cardiometabolic factors, especially in low muscle mass/high adiposity phenotypes. Lifestyle optimization of physical activity and nutrition to preserve muscle mass and mitigate adiposity is essential for cardiometabolic health promotion in OAD patients. © 2023 by the authors.
Comprehensive eight-month intervention reduces weight and improves depression and anxiety levels in severe and morbid obesity
(Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2017) Cofre-Lizama, Alfonso; Delgado-Floody, Pedro; Angulo-Díaz, Pamela; Jerez-Mayorga, Daniel
Introduction: Morbid obesity generates a considerable decrease in expectations and quality of life, which causes increased levels of depression and anxiety. Objective: The purpose of this research was to determine the effects of a comprehensive treatment program on weight loss and anxiety and depression levels of severe and morbid obese patients. Materials and methods: 4 men and 12 women with an average age of 34.0±26.0 years, and candidates for bariatric surgery were included in this study. 6 severe obese and 10 morbidly obese patients participated in a comprehensive eight-month treatment intervention. The following conditions were assessed pre- and post-intervention: weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, cardiorespiratory capacity, anxiety and depression. Results: Postoperative weight and BMI decreased significantly (p< 0.001) by 12.28% and 12.30%, respectively, while waist circumference decreased by 11.67% (p< 0.001). In addition, respiratory capacity improved significantly (p< 0.001), and anxiety and depressive symptoms decreased significantly (p< 0.001). Conclusion: The comprehensive eight-month intervention had significant benefits for participants in weight loss and improved levels of anxiety and depression. For this reason, the intervention performed may be recommended for the treatment of this condition. © 2017, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. All rights reserved.
Exploring the mediating role of promoting school physical activity on the relationship between low socioeconomic status and academic achievement and school climate: evidence from 4,990 Chilean schools
(Frontiers Media SA, 2024-06) Delgado-Floody, Pedro; Cristi-Montero, Carlos; Jerez-Mayorga, Daniel; Ruiz-Ariza, Alberto; Guzmán-Guzmán, Iris Paola; Álvarez, Cristian; Gómez-López, Manuel; Carter-Thuillier, Bastian; Caamaño-Navarrete, Felipe
There is evidence that promoting school physical activity (PSPA) benefits children and adolescents, but little is understood about how this promotion may relate to academic achievement and school climate across varying levels of socioeconomic status (SES). Hence, the study aimed to address this knowledge gap by examining two main objectives: (1) determining the association between PSPA and academic achievement and school climate according to schools’ SES and (2) exploring the potential mediating role of PSPA in the relationship between schools’ SES and academic achievement and school climate. This cross-sectional study at the school level focused on 4,990 schools (including public, subsidized, and private schools) that participated in the National Educational Study 2018 (Chile), which was applied to primary schoolchildren (4th grade, aged 8–10 years). Schools were divided into non-PSPA (n = 4,280) and PSPA (n = 710) during the year 2018. Changes in academic achievement from 2017 to 2018 and school climate were considered. PSPA was associated with improvements in maths (low-SES OR: 1.80, p < 0.001) and reading (middle-SES OR: 1.45, p = 0.029; low-SES OR: 1.47, p < 0.001). The indirect effect (IE) showed that PSPA partially mediated the relationship between SES and academic achievement in reading (IE = 1.017; SE = 0.12; 95%CI, −1.27, −0.77), maths (IE = –1.019; SE = 0.12; 95%CI, −1.25, −0.78), and school climate (IE = –0.46; SE = 0.52; 95%CI, −0.56, −0.35). In conclusion, PSPA was linked to positive changes in academic achievement, especially among low SES, and PSPA presented a potential mediating role in the relationship between SES of schools and academic achievement and school climate.
Feasibility of incorporating high-intensity interval training into physical education programs to improve body composition and cardiorespiratory capacity of overweight and obese children: A systematic review
(Elsevier (Singapore) Pte Ltd, 2019-01) Delgado-Floody, Pedro; Latorre-Roman, Pedro; Latorre-Roman, Daniel; Caamano-Navarrete, Felipe; García-Pinillos, Felipe
Background/objective: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) can produce similar or improved results compare with traditional training, but the question as to whether HIIT can be used in the setting of physical education (PE) remains unanswered. The aim of this systematic review was to critically analyze the feasibility of incorporating HIIT programs into PE classes to improve the body compositions and cardiorespiratory fitness of overweight students. Methods: We conducted database searches for literature dating between January 2012 and January 2017. Of the final six studies selected, three were conducted in children under 12 years old and three involved adolescents between 12 and 18 years old. Results: The HIIT protocols consisted of 2–3 sessions per week, with intervals of 15 s and passive or active rests of 15 s, totaling up to 6 min of work with 4 min of rest. The duration of HIIT programs was 6–24 weeks. Significant changes were reported in body composition, body mass index, body fat (%), waist circumference, and sum of skinfolds; and increases in muscle mass were observed. The inclusion of HIIT programmes improved maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), performance in the intermittent Yo-Yo test and maximal aerobic speed. Conclusions: The HIIT programmes showed improvements in the variables studied, with interventions two or three times weekly. Therefore, they can be used in schools, as a strategy to combat the childhood obesity pandemic and HIIT can be use alongside with existing PE activities within the same lesson or in specific periods during day school. © 2018 The Society of Chinese Scholars on Exercise Physiology and Fitness
Función pulmonar, capacidad funcional y calidad de vida en pacientes con fibrosis pulmonar idiopática. Revisión de la literatura
(Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2018-07) Villarroel-Bustamante, Karin; Jérez-Mayorga, Daniel Alejandro; Campos-Jara, Christian; Delgado-Floody, Pedro; Guzmán-Guzmán, Iris Paola
Introduction: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial, chronic and progressive disease that usually appears with dyspnea and progressive deterioration of exercise tolerance and activities of daily living, compromising psychological well-being and social interaction. Objectives: To select and summarize information about functional capacity response, pulmonary function and health-related quality of life in patients with IPF after being subjected to a pulmonary rehabilitation program. Materials and methods: Literature review from 2000 to 2016, using the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases. Results: 10 randomized clinical trials were selected. A tendency to a significant increase in the distance traveled in the 6-minute walk test was found. Regarding pulmonary function, results were variable among the studied populations. Quality of life related to health improvement was observed in all patients undergoing rehabilitation, but dyspnea levels showed discordant results. Conclusion: The trials show benefits in terms of functional capacity and health-related quality of life; however, studies are still scarce, done on small populations, and the effects of rehabilitation programs are not sustained 6 months after post-training evaluation. © 2018, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. All rights reserved.
Heart Rate from Progressive Volitional Cycling Test Is Associated with Endothelial Dysfunction Outcomes in Hypertensive Chilean Adults
(2023-03) Alvarez, Cristian; Tuesta, Marcelo; Reyes, Álvaro; Guede-Rojas, Francisco; Peñailillo, Luis; Cigarroa, Igor; Vásquez-Gómez, Jaime; Cano-Montoya, Johnattan; Durán-Marín, Cristóbal; Rojas-Paz, Oscar; Márquez, Héctor; Izquierdo, Mikel; Delgado-Floody, Pedro
Background: A progressive volitional cycling test is useful in determining exercise prescription in populations with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. However, little is known about the association between heart rate during this test and endothelial dysfunction (EDys) parameters in hypertensive (HTN) patients. Objective: To investigate the association between EDys markers (flow-mediated dilation [FMD], pulse wave velocity of the brachial artery [PWVba], and carotid-intima media thickness [cIMT]) and heart rate during a cycling test in HTN adults. A secondary aim was to characterize cardiovascular, anthropometric, and body composition outcomes in this population. Methods: This was a descriptive clinical study in which adults (men and women) were assigned to one of three groups: HTN, elevated blood pressure (Ele), or a normotensive control group (CG), and completed a progressive cycling test. The primary outcomes were FMD, PWVba, cIMT, and heart rate (HR) at 25–50 watts (HR25–50), 50–100 watts (HR50–100), and 75–150 watts (HR75–150) of the Astrand test. Secondary outcomes included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, body fat percentage (BF%), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), resting metabolic rate (RMR), and estimated body age, as measured by a bio-impedance digital scale. Results: Analyses of the associations between FMD, PWV, and HR25–50, HR50–100, and HR75–150 watts revealed no significant association in the HTN, Ele, and CG groups. However, a significant association was found between cIMT and HR75–150 watts in the HTN group (R2 47.1, β −0.650, p = 0.038). There was also a significant trend (p = 0.047) towards increasing PWVba in the CG, Ele, and HTN groups. Conclusion: Heart rate during a progressive cycling test is associated with the EDys parameters cIMT in HTN patients, with particularly strong predictive capacity for vascular parameters in the second and third stages of the Astrand exercise test compared to normotensive control. © 2023 by the authors.
Hypertensive patients show higher heart rate response during incremental exercise and elevated arterial age estimation than normotensive adult peers: VASCU-HEALTH PROJECT
(Federación Española de Docentes de Educación Física, 2023) Alvarez, Cristian; Campos-Jara, Christian; Gomes Ciolac, Emmanuel; Vega Guimaraes, Guilherme; Andrade-Mayorga, Omar; Cano-Montoya, Johnattan; Andrade, David C.; Delgado-Floody, Pedro; Alonso-Martínez, Alicia; Izquierdo, Mikel; Cigarroa, Igor
There is limited information regarding heart rate (HR) response from predictive formulae and actual exercise tests between arterial hypertension (HTN) and normotensive adults, as well as about vascular similarities or differences between samples of different blood pressure control. This study aimed 1) to describe and compare the HR during exercise between HTN and normotensive adults and 2) to describe the endothelial function and related vascular parameters in both groups. A descriptive clinical study was conducted with 64 adults (men and women) who were divided into three groups: arterial hypertension (HTN n=26), elevated blood pressure (Ele n=16), or normotensive control (CG n=22). The participants underwent an incremental cycling exercise test of 5 stages, where HR (primary outcome) was measured, and secondary vascular outcomes (percentile classification of the pulse wave velocity (%ILEPWVba), maximum carotid intima-media thickness (cIMTmax), and arterial age among others were measured. In stage 2 of the test (50-100 watts), the HTN group showed significantly higher HR vs. CG (+14 beats/min; p<0.05) and vs. Ele group (+15 beats/min; p<0.05), and in stage 5 (125-250 watts), HTN group showed higher HR vs. CG (+22 beats/min; p<0.05). HTN group showed a higher arterial stiffness by %ILEPWVba classification and arterial age estimation than the CG group. In conclusion, HTN patients reported a higher HR response only in two out of five (monitored) stages of the Astrand cycling exercise test than normotensive peers. Moreover, all groups showed a higher HRpredicted than real HRpeak obtained from the exercise test. These results are displayed with more altered vascular parameters in the HTN group. © Copyright: Federación Española de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educación Física (FEADEF)
Imagen corporal y autoestima en niños según su estado nutricional y frecuencia de actividad física
(Sociedad Chilena de Nutricion Bromatologia y Toxilogica, 2017-03) Delgado-Floody, Pedro; Caamaño, Felipe; Osorio, Aldo; Jerez, Daniel; Fuentes, Juan; Levin, Eduardo; Tapia, Juan
La actividad física juega un papel importante en el desarrollo de los niños. El propósito de este estudio fue comparar según estado nutricional y frecuencia de actividad física la imagen corporal, autoestima, riesgo cardio-metabólico y rendimiento físico de niños. Se estudió 208 niños de 11,9±1,2 años de edad, 115 hombres y 93 mujeres. Quedaron divididos según frecuencia de actividad física a la semana: El Grupo 1 (n= 87) no realizan; Grupo 2 (n= 64) realizan 1 o 2 veces/semana; Grupo 3 (n= 57), realizan 3 o 4 veces/semana. Se observó que 51 niños presentaron sobrepeso y 40 de ellos obesidad. Los niños que realizan 3 o 4 veces actividad física/semana, presentaron menor preocupación por su imagen corporal y puntajes superiores en autoestima, ambas con significancia estadística (p<0,05), además reportaron menor riesgo cardio-metabólico y mejor rendimiento físico. Se concluye que los niños con mayor frecuencia de actividad física/semana, evidencian beneficios en su desarrollo integral.
Is there any relationship between functional movement and weight status? A study in Spanish school-age children
(ARAN Ediciones S.A., 2018-07) García-Pinillos, Felipe; Roche-Seruendo, Luis E.; Delgado-Floody, Pedro; Jerez Mayorga, Daniel; Latorre-Román, Pedro Á.
Background: to examine relations between functional movement patterns and weight status in Spanish primary school children and to determine the differences between sexes. Methods: three hundred and thirty-three, 6-13 years old children (164 boys and 169 girls), participated in this study. The main outcome measures were the body mass index (BMI) and the Functional Movement Screen™ (FMS). Children were classified as normal weight (NW), overweight (OV) or obese (OB) according to international cut-offs. Results: total FMS score was negatively correlated with BMI (p < 0.001). FMS score was different between children from NW, OV and OB groups (p = 0.001), lower with the increased BMI (p < 0.001 between all groups). Significant differences (p < 0.05) between NW, OV and OB were found in deep squat, hurdle step, in-line lunge, shoulder mobility, straight leg-raise and push-up tests. As for the sex differences, girls obtained higher scores (p < 0.05) in in-line lunge, shoulder mobility and straight leg-raise, whereas boys did it in push-up (p = 0.044) test. Conclusions: these results confirm that total FMS score significantly and inversely correlates with BMI in a group of 333 school-age children. As for the sex differences, girls outperform boys in movements requiring flexibility and balance, whilst boys outperform girls in tests where muscular strength is required. © 2018 SENPE and Arán Ediciones S.L.
Lifestyle and cardiometabolic risk factors in the ethnic and non-ethnic population > 15 years of age: results from the National Chilean Health Survey 2016-2017
(ARAN Ediciones S.L, 2023-03) Álvarez, Cristian; Ramírez-Campillo, Rodrigo; Miranda-Fuentes, Claudia; Ibacache-Saavedra, Paulina; Campos-Jara, Christian; Cristi-Montero, Carlos; Molina-Sotomayor, Edgardo; Caparrós-Manosalva, Cristian; Delgado-Floody, Pedro
Background: lifestyle and cardiometabolic risk factors information is scarce regarding youth and adults of Latin-American ethnics. Objective: the primary aim was to describe the lifestyle and cardiometabolic risk factors for arterial hypertension (HTN) and diabetes in ethnic Latin-American groups (Mapuche and Aymara) and other non-ethnics > 15 years of age in the Chilean population. A secondary aim was to determine the association between physical activity ‘intensity’ with HTN and diabetes markers. Material and methods: a representative sample from the National Chilean Health Survey 2016-2017, included Mapuche (EG-Map; women n = 166, men n = 300; total n = 466), Aymara (EG-Aym; women n = 96, men n = 55; total n = 151), and a non-ethnic population group (No-EG; women n = 2057, men n = 3445; total n = 5502). The main outcomes were; systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting plasma glucose (GL), and secondary outcomes were other anthropometric, lipid profile, and lifestyle parameters. Results: GL was significantly associated with nutrition (0.9 %, p < 0.0001), tobacco and alcohol habits (0.6 %, p < 0.0001). SBP was significantly associated with nutrition (whole-grains 0.04, p = 0.001; water consumption 0.07, p < 0.0001), sleep hygiene (week 0.04, p = 0.030; on weekends-0.04, p = 0.026), and alcohol consumption (-0.06, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: in conclusion, lifestyle differences among Mapuche and Aymara ethnic groups in comparison with non-ethnic Chilean peers > 15 years are significantly associated with blood pressure and glycemia. © 2023 SENPE y©Arán Ediciones S.L.
Males Have a Higher Energy Expenditure than Females during Squat Training
(MDPI, 2023-08) Del-Cuerpo, Indya; Jerez-Mayorga, Daniel; Chirosa-Ríos, Luis Javier; Morenas-Aguilar, María Dolores; Mariscal-Arcas, Miguel; López-Moro, Alejandro; Delgado-Floody, Pedro
The main objective of this study was to determine the differences in energy expenditure (EE) according to sex during and after two different squat training protocols in a group of healthy young adults. Twenty-nine Sports Sciences students volunteered to participate in this study. They attended the laboratory on four different days and completed four sessions: two sessions with 3 sets of 12 repetitions at 75% of their one-repetition maximum (RM) and two sessions with 3 sets of 30 repetitions at 50% of their 1RM. Energy expenditure was evaluated using an indirect calorimeter. Males consistently demonstrated higher EE in all sessions and intensities. The linear regression model identified a significant association between sex, BMI, and total EE across all sessions and intensities. In conclusion, males exhibited higher EE in both protocols (50% and 75% of 1RM) throughout all sessions. Furthermore, sex and BMI were found to influence EE in healthy young adults. Therefore, coaches should consider sex when assessing EE, as the metabolic response differs between males and females. © 2023 by the authors.
Muscle Quality Index in Morbidly Obesity Patients Related to Metabolic Syndrome Markers and Cardiorespiratory Fitness
(MDPI, 2023-05) Caamaño-Navarrete, Felipe; Jerez-Mayorga, Daniel; Alvarez, Cristian; Del-Cuerpo, Indya; Cresp-Barría, Mauricio; Delgado-Floody, Pedro
Background: Muscle quality index (MQI) is an emerging health indicator obtained by dividing handgrip strength by body mass index (BMI) that needs to be studied in morbidly obese patients (defined by BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2). Objective: To determine the association between MQI, metabolic syndrome (MetS) markers, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and as a second objective to determine the potential mediation role of MQI in the relationship between abdominal obesity and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in this sample. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 86 severely/morbidly obese patients (age = 41.1 ± 11.9 y, nine men). MQI, metabolic syndrome markers, CRF, and anthropometric parameters were measured. Two groups were developed according to MQI; High-MQI (n = 41) and Low-MQI (n = 45). Results: The Low-MQI group reported higher abdominal obesity (High-MQI: 0.7 ± 0.1 vs. Low-MQI: 0.8 ± 0.1 WC/height; p = 0.011), SBP (High-MQI: 133.0 ± 17.5 vs. Low-MQI: 140.1 ± 15.1 mmHg; p = 0.048), and lower CRF (High-MQI; 26.3 ± 5.9 vs. Low-MQI; 22.4 ± 6.1 mL/kg/min, p = 0.003) than the High-MQI group. Waist-to-height ratio (β: −0.07, p = 0.011), SBP (β: −18.47, p = 0.001), and CRF (β: 5.21, p = 0.011) were linked to MQI. In a mediation model, the indirect effect confirms that MQI is a partial mediator of the association between abdominal obesity with SBP. Conclusions: MQI in morbidly obesity patients reported an inverse association with MetS markers and a positive association with CRF (VO2max). It mediates the relationship between abdominal obesity and SBP. © 2023 by the authors.
Muscle Quality Index is inversely associated with psychosocial variables among Chilean adolescents
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2023-12) Barahona-Fuentes, Guillermo; Huerta Ojeda, Álvaro; Romero, Gabriela Lizana; Delgado-Floody, Pedro; Jerez-Mayorga, Daniel; Yeomans-Cabrera, María-Mercedes; Chirosa-Ríos, Luis Javier
A good muscle quality index (MQI) may have an inverse relationship with psychosocial variables of depression, anxiety, and stress in adolescents. Unfortunately, little scientific evidence has related MQI to psychosocial variables in this population. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the relationship between the MQI and psychosocial variables of depression, anxiety, and stress in Chilean adolescents. In this quantitative correlational design study, sixty adolescents participated voluntarily (mean ± standard deviation [SD]: age 15.11 ± 1.78 years). Anthropometric parameters, prehensile strength, MQI, and psychosocial variables were evaluated. The results showed that adolescents with high levels of MQI presented lower levels of depression (7.50 ± 6.06 vs. 10.97 ± 5.94), anxiety (5.64 ± 4.81 vs. 9.66 ± 5.12), and stress (6.79 ± 5.09 vs. 10 ± 5.58), in addition to reported lower abdominal obesity (WtHR, 0.47 ± 0.07 vs. 0.52 ± 0.07) than those with low levels of MQI. The group with high levels of MQI reported a higher prevalence of nonanxiety (81.3%, p = 0.031) and a lower prevalence of abdominal obesity (55.8%, p = 0.023). Likewise, a significant inverse association was evidenced between MQI and depression (β; -6.18, 95% CI; -10.11: -2.25, p = 0.003), anxiety (β; -6.61, 95% CI; -9.83: -3.39, p < 0.001) and stress (β; -4.90, 95% CI; -8.49: -1.32 p = 0.008). In conclusion, the results suggest that high levels of MQI are associated with a higher prevalence of nonanxiety in adolescents and a significant inverse association between MQI and levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. © 2023, The Author(s).
Perception of obese schoolchildren regarding their participation in the physical education class and their level of self-esteem: Comparison according to corporal status
(ARAN Ediciones S.A., 2018-11) Delgado-Floody, Pedro; Cofré-Lizama, Alfonso; Guzmán-Guzmán, Iris Paola; Mayorga, Daniel Jerez; Martínez-Salazar, Cristian; Caamaño-Navarrete, Felipe
Background: adequate exposure to Physical Education (PE) classes contributes to a healthier lifestyle among children during their lifespan. Objective: the main objective of this research was to evaluate the perception of obese schoolchildren regarding their participation in PE class and to determine their self-esteem compared with overweight and normal weight groups. Method: in total, 656 schoolchildren (284 females and 372 males), between eleven and 14 years of age, participated in this study. Assessments were made regarding age, sex, anthropometric variables, children’s self-esteem, and perception of participation in the PE class. Results: obese schoolchildren presented significantly lower values of self-esteem (p < 0.001), and exhibited the highest proportion of schoolchildren with low self-esteem (53%). There was a significant relationship between obesity and the following sentence: “I am the last one they choose for games and in games and sports”; 48.53% of schoolchildren with obesity responded positively. With the following sentence: “I look instead of playing”, 57.4% of schoolchildren with obesity responded positively. Conclusion: the results revealed that schoolchildren with obesity feel excluded from PE classes and show low levels of self-esteem, compared with normal weight schoolchildren. © 2018 SENPE y©Arán Ediciones S.L.
Positive and negative changes in food habits, physical activity patterns, and weight status during covid-19 confinement: Associated factors in the chilean population
(MDPI AG, 2020-08-01) Reyes-Olavarría, Daniela; Latorre-Román, Pedro Ángel; Guzmán-Guzmán, Iris Paola; Jerez-Mayorga, Daniel; Caamaño-Navarrete, Felipe; Delgado-Floody, Pedro
The association between the changes in lifestyle during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) confinement and body weight have not been studied deeply. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine lifestyle changes, such as eating habits and physical activity (PA) patterns, caused by confinement during the COVID-19 pandemic and to analyze its association with changes in body weight. Seven hundred participants (women, n = 528 and men, n = 172) aged between 18–62 years old of the Chilean national territory participated in the study. Food habits, PA, body weight, and sociodemographic variables were measured through a survey in May and June 2020. The body weight increase presented positive association with the consumption of fried foods ≥ 3 times per week (OR; 3.36, p < 0.001), low water consumption (OR; 1.58, p = 0.03), and sedentary time ≥6 h/day (OR; 1.85, p = 0.01). Conversely, fish consumed (OR; 0.67, p = 0.03), active breaks (OR; 0.72, p = 0.04), and PA ≥ 4 times per week (OR; 0.51, p = 0.001) presented an inverse association with body weight increase. Daily alcohol consumption (OR; 4.77, p = 0.003) was associated with PA decrease. food habits, PA, and active breaks may be protective factors for weight increase during COVID-19 confinement.
Psychological well-being related to screen time, physical activity after school, and weight status in chilean schoolchildren
(Nutricion Hospitalaria, 2019) Delgado-Floody, Pedro; Jerez-Mayorga, Daniel; Caamaño-Navarrete, Felipe; Carter-Thuillier, Bastian; Lizama, Alfonso Cofré; Álvarez, Cristián
Background: the relationship between physical activity (PA) patterns and mental health in children is receiving considerable attention. Aims: the aim of this study was to compare psychological well-being in groups of schoolchildren according to PA patterns and weight status, and to determinate the association between psychological well-being and both screen time and PA after school. Material and methods: in a cross-sectional sample of girls (n = 272, aged 11.93 ± 0.94 years) and boys (n = 333, aged 12.09 ± 1.00 years), we assessed body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and body fat. Self-esteem, body image dissatisfaction, depression, screen time, and after-school PA were also included. Results: according to PA patterns, there were significant differences between good PA and bad PA groups in self-esteem (p = 0.013) and depression (p = 0.035). BMI was associated with depression (β: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.19, 0.53; p < 0.001). Screen time was positively associated with depression (β: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.32, 1.44; p = 0.002) and inversely associated with self-esteem (β:-1.12; 95% CI:-1.79,-0.45; p < 0.001). Finally, after-school PA had an inverse association with depression levels (β:-0.55; 95% CI: 0.10, 1.00; p = 0.016). Conclusion: psychological well-being was associated with screen time, after-school PA and weight status in schoolchildren.
Relationship in obese Chilean schoolchildren between physical fitness, physical activity levels and cardiovascular risk factors
(Nutricion Hospitalaria, 2019-01) Delgado-Floody, Pedro; Caamaño-Navarrete, Felipe; Palomino-Devia, Constanza; Jerez-Mayorga, Daniel; Martínez-Salazar, Cristian
Background: obesity and lower physical fitness levels in children are related to the development of cardiometabolic risk factors. Objective: to determine the relationship between health-related physical fitness and physical activity levels, blood pressure, and anthropometric parameters for different weight statuses of Chilean schoolchildren. Material and methods: the participants were 272 girls and 333 boys having a mean age of 12.00 ± 1.23 years. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO 2 max), standing long jump test (SLJ), handgrip strength, physical activity (PA) levels, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and body fat (BF) were measured. To establish the relationship between the variables, partial correlations adjusted by sex were carried out and the Chi-square test was applied to compare the proportions between groups. Results: VO 2 max (p < 0.001) was higher in schoolchildren of normal weight. SBP and DBP were higher in obese schoolchildren (p < 0.001). Physical fitness was inversely related to SBP: VO 2 max (r = -0.26, p < 0.001), SLJ (r = -0.11, p = 0.007) and handgrip strength (r = -0.10, p = 0.021), and had a positive relationship with PA: VO 2 max (r = 0.31, p < 0.001), SLJ (r = 0.18, p < 0.001), and handgrip strength (r = 0.26, p < 0.001). Moreover, VO 2 max and SLJ were inversely related to BMI and WC (p < 0.05). The group of obese schoolchildren contained the highest percentage of individuals with hypertension (p < 0.001). Conclusion: the results obtained in this study show that physical fitness has an inverse relationship with SBP and a positive relationship with PA levels. Besides, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and SLJ are inversely associated with the predictors of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Finally, obese children presented lower physical fitness and included a higher proportion of individuals with hypertension.
Selective attention and concentration are related to lifestyle in chilean schoolchildren
(MDPI, 2021-09) Caamaño-Navarrete, Felipe; Latorre-Román, Pedro Ángel; Párraga-Montilla, Juan; Jerez-Mayorga, Daniel; Delgado-Floody, Pedro
The objective of this investigation was to determine the association between selective . attention and concentration with physical fitness (i.e., cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), VO2max, the standing long jump test (SLJ) and handgrip muscle strength (HGS)), lifestyle parameters (i.e., physical activity (PA) level, screen time (ST), sleep duration and food habits) and anthropometric measures (i.e., body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC)) among Chilean schoolchildren. Two hundred and forty-eight schoolchildren (137 boys, 111 girls, 11.80 ± 1.17 and 11.58 ± 1.09 years, respectively) participated. Selective attention, concentration and lifestyle (PA, ST, sleep duration and Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence) were determined using a standard questionnaire. CRF, SLJ, HGS and anthropometric indicators (BMI and WC) were also measured. Selective attention showed a positive association with MD adherence score (β; 5.012, p = p < 0.05). Concentration was linked inversely to ST (β; −5.498, p = p < 0.05). Likewise, concentration presented a positive association with MD adherence (β; 2.904, p = p < 0.05). In conclusion, children’s lifestyles are related to the selective attention and concentration of children; therefore, promoting healthy habits could be a cost-effective strategy in the promotion of cognitive development, as it relates to selective attention and concentration. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Similar adaptations to 10 weeks concurrent training on metabolic markers and physical performance in young, adult, and older adult women
(MDPI, 2021-12) Andrade, David C.; Flores-Opazo, Marcelo; Peñailillo, Luis; Delgado-Floody, Pedro; Cano-Montoya, Johnattan; Vásquez-Gómez, Jaime A.; Alvarez, Cristian
It has been proposed that the combination of high-intensity aerobic exercises and resistance training (RT) known as concurrent training (CT) could improve metabolic syndrome (MetS) markers, and that the exercise mixture in CT could dampen muscle anaerobic pathways, a result known as the interference effect. However, there is scarce evidence on its effects in women across different ages. Therefore, we sought to determine the effects of a 10-week CT intervention on MetS markers and endurance performance in adult women and compared age-related differences between young, adult, and older participants. A total of 112 women with >1 MetS risk factors were included in the study. Participants were allocated to different groups according to the following cutoff age ranges: 20–29years (y), n = 25; 30–39y, n = 35; 40–49y, n = 43; and 50–59y, n = 53. Participants performed 10 weeks of CT, including resistance training (RT), involving six major muscle groups, and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in a cycle ergometer. Anthropometric, cardiovascular, metabolic, and performance outcomes were assessed before and after the intervention. The CT induced significant improvements in waist circumference (WC) (20–29y: –2.5; 30–39y: –4.1; 40–49y: –4.2; 50–59y: –2.8 ∆cm) and the distance achieved in the six-minute walking test (6Mwt) (20–29y: +47.6; 30–39y: +66.0; 40–49y: +43.0; 50–59y: +58.6 ∆m) across all age groups, without significant differences between groups. In addition, a significant correlation was found between 6Mwt and WC, independent of age. In conclusion, our results showed that a 10-week CT intervention improved MetS risk factors in women, suggesting that the beneficial effects promoted by CT are independent of age and confirming CT as an effective, age-independent training regimen to improve metabolic health in women. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Sustainable Development Goals and Physical Education. A Proposal for Practice-Based Models
(MDPI AG, 2021-02-02) Baena-Morales, Salvador; Jerez-Mayorga, Daniel; Delgado-Floody, Pedro; Martínez-Martínez, Jesús
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is a global strategy that aims to obtain a more equitable and just world. These objectives are organized into 17 SDGs, detailing 169 targets. Different international institutions have emphasized the relevance of education to developing citizens who contribute to achieving the SDGs for 2030. However, a review focused on physical education (PE) has yet to be performed. Therefore, the objective of this work is two-fold. First, to analyze and select the specific SDGs that can be implemented in the area of physical education. Second, to relate these specific goals to the different models based on physical education practices. This review showed how three institutional documents have previously related sport, physical exercise, and physical education to specific SDGs. Based on the search done, this review article selects those goals that could be integrated into the educational context through physical education. The bibliographic and critical analysis in this research shows that of the 169 specific goals proposed in the SDGs, only 24 could be worked on in physical education. Upon completion of the analysis, a proposal for the relationship between the practice-based models and these 24 goals is presented. The contributions made in this paper will allow teachers to establish links between PE sessions and SDGs while raising awareness to develop students who contribute to a more sustainable world.

Examinando por Autor "Delgado-Floody, Pedro"

Resultados por página

Opciones de ordenación