Examinando por Autor "Espinosa-Cristia, Juan Felipe"
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Ítem Detecting Circular Economy Strategies in the Fourth Sector: Overview of the Chilean Construction Sector as Evidence of a Sustainable Business Model(MDPI, 2023-06) Cerdá-Suárez, Luis Manuel; Espinosa-Cristia, Juan Felipe; Núñez-Valdés, Karen; Núñez-Valdés, GersonAn essential part of the economic and social system is the existence of sustainable companies worldwide. Despite the fact that the literature has described different kinds of innovations, organizations, and models regarding this topic, there is a need to understand the dynamics that occur within the fourth sector and how strategies and practices are working. In this study, construction companies presenting sustainable projects are identified, and the way in which they serve the community, stakeholders, and consumers is analyzed. The present article presents an epistemological search to recognize the best practices and strategies, which allows an understanding of the new circular economy strategies in the fourth sector. The authors show a conceptual approach regarding these actions and a methodology on the most notable techniques of the Circular Economic Strategy of Chile based on an investigation of documentary and comparative data. Data collection considered perceptions of construction practices regarding the circular economy and the specificity of each situation and reflected the actual production systems. We used simple random sampling to collect data in the scope of the study. The findings show the importance of some relational elements between companies that structure construction projects, supporting the impact of discovering specific variables in the different layers of sustainable management. In addition, results show how those responsible for construction projects understand sustainability as a preference, amplify the role of various factors in the work of the cultural and social ecosystems under consideration. Finally, this article details and analyzes the channeling of innovative business models in the fourth sector. © 2023 by the authors.Ítem Entrepreneurial intention: A gender study in business and economics students from Chile(MDPI AG, 2021-05) Contreras-Barraza, Nicolás; Espinosa-Cristia, Juan Felipe; Salazar-Sepulveda, Guido; Vega-Muñoz, AlejandroThe study of entrepreneurial intention sheds new light on the complex dynamics of entrepreneurial behavior. This research contributes to the academic debate by examining the gap in studies on entrepreneurial intention in Latin America, considering the importance of gender differences and their effects on entrepreneurial intention. Thus, this study is a contribution to research on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to social equity, in the areas of quality education (SDG 4), gender equality (SDG 5), and inequalities reduction (SDG 10). To study gender entrepreneurial intention phenomena differences, researchers have taken refuge in the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and focused their analysis on a group of economics and business students from a coastal campus of a Chilean University. In a two-step methodological process, the authors verified the applicability of the entrepreneurial intention questionnaire (CIE) with the selected sample and then calculated entrepreneurial intention using the CIE instrument. Contrary to general literature results, the study shows that there are no significant gender differences in entrepreneurial intention levels. Furthermore, there is neither evidence for gender differences in any of the three entrepreneurial intention factors, i.e., (a) attitudes, (b) subjective norms, and (c) control of perceived behavior. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Ítem Gender heterophily and equality: a contribution to gender equality in the Chilean scientific sector(Frontiers Media SA, 2023) Espinosa-Cristia, Juan Felipe; Vega-Muñoz, Alejandro; Cerda-Suarez, Luis Manuel; Leyton-Johns, Luis;Women’s insertion or consolidation in science has been thoroughly researched. Such discussion could be particularly relevant concerning sustainable development goal five (SDG 5) on Gender Equality advancement. However, the debate is focused on women percentages inserted into scientific labor, leaving the issue of symbolic experience for women in research unaddressed and with little empirical support. The data come from a survey developed under a FONDECYT project, which studied knowledge production in Chile. Researchers obtained contacts through invitations on social networks such as Twitter, Facebook, and LinkedIn and databases containing scientists’ emails working in Chile. The non-probabilistic sample collected 583 cases, with participants residing in 15 of the 16 country regions. As a result, this document presents the findings of a study on symbolic experience using an instrument to determine whether there are any homophily patterns. It aims to determine if scientists tend to cite others as referents only when they encounter a situation like their own. The findings reveal a clear way scientists estimate the effect of others in terms of their gender homophily. This intervening factor could be crucial in reproducing the disparities and asymmetries that characterize Chile’s scientific field. Copyright © 2023 Espinosa-Cristia, Vega-Muñoz, Cerda-Suarez and Leyton-Johns.Ítem Inappropriate Corporate Strategies: Latin American Companies That Increase Their Value by Short-Term Liabilities(MDPI, 2022-12) Feregrino, Jorge; Espinosa-Cristia, Juan Felipe; Lay, Nelson; Leyton, LuisThis study seeks to understand the financing strategy used by companies listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange (BVM), the São Paulo Stock Exchange (VVSP), and the Santiago Stock Exchange (BCS). To this end, the data observed in the Economática database for a sample of 29 companies were considered. Then, through a long panel data model, the study concludes that in the organizations reviewed, there is a degree of association between the variables “short-term liabilities” and “share price”, as the former increases by 1%, and the value of the shares increases by 0.09% in the subsequent period. This confirms a procyclical financial leverage. © 2022 by the authors.Ítem No politics, no society: Questioning the justification of entrepreneurship in chilean public policies(Fundacao Getulio Vargas, 2020-03-01) Bernasconi, Oriana; Espinosa-Cristia, Juan FelipeStudies show that the state plays a positive role in shaping conditions for entrepreneurship and promoting economic growth through entrepreneurial activity. However, the question of how state intervention in entrepreneurship is justified in neoliberal regimes has received scant attention, although it can legitimize public policies. We examine the entrepreneurial slant of the Production and Commerce Development Corporation of Chile (CORFO), which implements regulations and grants financial support to startups. Analyzing interviews with CORFO's state officials, public statements, and official documentation, we review the advent of state-led entrepreneurial policy and explore the post-dictatorial government's principles justifying current state policy. This policy relies on double de-politicization: i) divesting entrepreneurship from political affiliation and ii) propagating a meritocratic rhetoric of social and individual development, oblivious of structural inequalities. We argue that this is functional for this regime as long as it guarantees state intervention in entrepreneurship as a policy of common good. © RAE.Ítem Shaping scientific work in universities in Chile: exploring the role of research management instruments(Routledge, 2023) Marchant-Cavieres, David; Fardella, Carla; Valenzuela, Fernando A.; Espinosa-Cristia, Juan Felipe; Varas, Paulina E.; Broitman, ClaudioResearch management instruments (RMIs) are organizational mechanisms that shape scientific work and influence the trajectory of scientific fields within universities. This qualitative study examines 80 RMIs implemented by eight research-oriented universities in Chile between 1998 and 2021. The findings reveal that these institutions employ policies prioritizing competition as the primary means of accessing funding and opportunities, contributing to the concentration of resources among established researchers participating in international circuits. Consequently, RMIs establish hierarchies within the research community based on individual merit, disregarding the material conditions that may hinder productivity for certain actors. Furthermore, these instruments discourage participation in national and regional scientific communication networks. By highlighting the impact of RMIs, this research enhances our understanding of the organizational mechanisms that shape scientific work in Chilean universities, offering insights into the challenges and opportunities researchers face in the country’s higher education system. Future studies should explore alternative participation circuits within Chilean universities and compare experiences across Latin American regions to understand how local institutions align with global evaluation criteria. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.