Examinando por Autor "Giakoni-Ramírez, Frano"
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Ítem A Cross-Sectional Study on Self-Perceived Health and Physical Activity Level in the Spanish Population(MDPI, 2022) Denche-Zamorano, Ángel; Mendoza-Muñoz, María; Carlos-Vivas, Jorge; Muñoz-Bermejo, Laura; Rojo-Ramos, Jorge; Pastor-Cisneros, Raquel; Giakoni-Ramírez, Frano; Godoy-Cumillaf, Andrés; Barrios-Fernandez, SabinaOne-third of the Spanish population over 15 years of age did not achieve a reasonable amount of physical activity (PA) before the COVID-19 pandemic. We aim to analyse the associations between the PA level (PAL) and self-perceived health (SPH) in the Spanish population aged 15–69 years during the pre-pandemic period. A cross-sectional study was conducted using the Spanish National Health Survey 2017 (ENSE 2017) data, with 17,777 participants. We carried out a descriptive analysis, analysed intergroup differences with non-parametric statistical tests, and calculated the Odds Ratio (OR) and Relative Risk (RR) of having a negative SPH according to PAL. In addition, correlations between PAL and SPH were studied, finding associations between them (p < 0.001). Thus, performing moderate and intense PA was related to better SPH than just walking or inactive. Weak and moderate correlations were found between PAL and SPH (p < 0.001). We also found high ORs and RRs of negative SPH as PAL decreased. Moderate and intense PA were related to positive SPH, while the risk of negative perception in inactive people was higher. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Ítem Effectiveness of an Ecological Model-Based Active Transport Education Program on Physical and Mental Health in High School Students (MOV-ES Project): Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024-07) Merellano-Navarro, Eugenio; Godoy-Cumillaf, Andrés; Collado-Mateo, Daniel; Aguilar-Valdés, Mirko; Torres-Mejías, Jorge; Almonacid-Fierro, Alejandro; Valdés-Badilla, Pablo; Giakoni-Ramírez, Frano; Bruneau-Chávez, José; Olivares, Pedro R.The United Nations, through its 2030 Agenda and Sustainable Development Goals, advocates for the establishment of conducive environments for physical activity, following the ecological model. In line with this initiative, active transportation emerges as an accessible, cost-effective, and sustainable approach to augmenting daily physical activity levels. This study protocol endeavors to assess the impact of an active transportation education program rooted in the ecological model on the physical and mental well-being of high school students. Drawing upon scientific insights, we hypothesize that a 16-week active transportation intervention will lead to a 3% reduction in average body fat percentage and a noteworthy enhancement in executive function (including inhibition, cognitive flexibility, and working memory), physical fitness (comprising cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength), and mental health (encompassing mood disorders and cognitive functioning). If this intervention proves effective, it could offer a viable solution for the school community, especially in reducing congestion within the school environment. The study protocol aims to evaluate the impact of an active transportation educational program based on the ecological model on the physical and mental well-being of high school students. Three high schools located in the urban area of Talca, Chile, will be randomly selected (one public, one privately subsidized, and one private non-subsidized). Each high school will be randomly assigned an experimental group (n = 30) and a control group (n = 30; without intervention). The experimental groups will receive an active transportation educational intervention during their physical education classes for four months (60 to 90 min sessions, once a week), while the control group will receive no intervention. The primary outcome will provide information on body composition and executive function. Secondary outcomes will include objective physical activity level, physical fitness, mental well-being, academic achievement, health-related quality of life, perception of environmental urban features, physical activity barriers, and adherence to active transportation. It is expected that the results of the MOV-ES Project will transcend the physical health of schoolchildren and will have an impact on the school community, especially by decongesting the school environment.Ítem Effectiveness of teaching mini handball through non-linear pedagogy in different socioeconomic contexts: a pilot study(MDPI, 2022-10) Espoz-Lazo, Sebastián; Farías-Valenzuela, Claudio; Reyes-Contreras, Victor; Ferrero-Hernández, Paloma; Giakoni-Ramírez, Frano; Tapia-Zavala, Mauricio; Duclos-Bastías, Daniel; Valdivia-Moral, PedroMini handball is among the sports included as part of school physical education in Chile to improve children’s motor skills and to motivate their adherence to a healthy and active lifestyle in response to concerns about this country’s high level of childhood obesity. To this end, non-linear pedagogy (NLP) has been used to develop motor skills through mini handball in the school context. However, socioeconomic differences that influence the development of children’s motor skills have not been considered to determine whether the methodology applies to everyone. The aim of the present observational study is to describe and compare the effectiveness of the previously applied NLP methodology in two contrasting socioeconomic contexts to determine whether it helps to develop motor skills through mini handball in both school contexts. The Levine test was used to determine the homogeneity of the variances (p < 0.05), as the distribution of the data was not normal. The Kruskal–Wallis H statistical test was used to analyse within-group data. Additionally, the Mann–Whitney U test was applied for comparisons between groups. The results show significant improvements in the acquisition of the expected motor skills specific to mini handball. Additionally, a shortening of the gap was evidenced between the groups during the training process, with no significant differences at the end of the progression. Therefore, the investigated NLP is equally as effective for schoolchildren in two opposite socioeconomic contexts.Ítem Effects of physical activity interventions on anthropometric indicators and health indices in Chilean children and adolescents: A protocol for systematic review and/or meta-analysis(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2023-05) Godoy-Cumillaf, Andrés; Farías-Valenzuela, Claudio; Duclos-Bastías, Daniel; Giakoni-Ramírez, Frano; Vásquez-Gómez, Jaime; Bruneau-Chávez, José; Bizzozero-Peroni, BrunoIntroduction: Physical activity interventions have been a proven effective means of preventing or treating overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. The results of these interventions in many cases are based on the determination of the effect they produce on anthropometric evaluations, which allow the calculation of health indices. However, the effects of physical activity interventions on anthropometric assessments in Chilean children and adolescents have not been systematized. The objective of this study is to provide a detailed protocol for a systematic review with meta-analysis that synthesizes the available evidence on the effect of physical activity interventions on anthropometric indicators and health indices in Chilean children and adolescents and identifies the field-based methods and health indices most used for body composition estimation. Methods: This protocol was performed according to the PRISMA declaration. MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, and Scielo databases will be systematically searched. Eligible studies will include randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCTs and pre-post studies. Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis protocol is designed to provide up-to-date evidence that could significantly assist public health policy makers and implementers of physical activity interventions through evidence-based guidance and recommendations. © 2023 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved.Ítem Intensity of a Physical Exercise Programme Executed through Immersive Virtual Reality(MDPI, 2023-09) Giakoni-Ramírez, Frano; Godoy-Cumillaf, Andrés; Fuentes-Merino, Paola; Farías-Valenzuela, Claudio; Duclos-Bastías, Daniel; Bruneau-Chávez, José; Merellano-Navarro, Eugenio; Velásquez-Olavarría, RonaldEvidence suggests that moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is necessary for health benefits. Immersive virtual reality is a technology that uses images, sounds, and tactile sensations from a simulated world to encourage healthy behaviours and physical activity. The aims of this research are (1) to determine the duration and intensity of physical activity performed through immersive virtual reality; (2) to determine differences in physical activity intensity according to gender. Methods: A nonprobabilistic convenience sample composed of 39 university students of physical education pedagogy, who performed, through immersive virtual reality, a physical activity programme composed of three levels that progressively increased in complexity. Physical activity intensity was measured using accelerometers. Results: Of the three levels, the most complex was not the one that produced the most minutes of MVPA. The three levels added up to 08:53 min of MVPA. No significant differences were found when comparing them by sex. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that an exercise programme delivered through immersive virtual reality generates MVPA levels, with no major differences between sexes. Further research is needed to confirm the contribution of immersive virtual reality to physical activity. © 2023 by the authors.Ítem Pedagogical, methodological and didactic bases applied to teaching handball: A literary review (2017-2022)(2023) Espoz-Lazo, Sebastián; Hinojosa-Torres, Claudio; Farías-Valenzuela, Claudio; Giakoni-Ramírez, Frano; del Val Martín, Pablo; Valdivia-Moral, PedroPedagogy, methodology, and didactics are fundamental in the development of handball because they promote the integral formation of individuals through multi-variable practices that are effective for the acquisition of technical-tactical skills. However, most studies on handball focus on performance, injury prevention, and match analysis. Therefore, the aim of this work is to identify, consolidate, analyze, and describe the methodological, pedagogical, and didactic strategies used in the training of handball. A search was carried out in WoS following the PRISMA guidelines, including articles from 2017 to 2022 in English, Spanish, and Portuguese, including only research in social and educational sciences. Articles examining the effectiveness of teaching and learning in handball and technical and tactical training methods such as methodological designs were selected, excluding other types of documents. Of the 19 selected documents, most are published in English and are carried out mainly in Brazil and Spain. These are divided into three categories: training processes, evaluation, and use of methodological instruments. The results show significant differences in the methods used. It is concluded that research on the methodology, didactics, and pedagogy applied to the teaching and training of handball is little explored. Most of the reviewed studies have been carried out in Brazil and Spain using the handball elite as research subjects, suggesting that there are other populations that could benefit from methodological, didactic, and pedagogical alternatives adapted to their contexts and realities. © Copyright 2023:Ítem Physical Activity in Immersive Virtual Reality: A Scoping Review(MDPI, 2023-06) Giakoni-Ramírez, Frano; Godoy-Cumillaf, Andrés; Espoz-Lazo, Sebastián; Duclos-Bastias, Daniel; del Val Martín, PabloPhysical activity has benefits for health, but many adolescents are inactive. However, video games such as Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) have grown in popularity as a leisure activity among young people, allowing them to manipulate objects in virtual environments increasing the practice of physical activity. The evidence indicates that the interest in physical activity through IVR is greater than in traditional methods, and different experiences have been reported. However, few studies indicate the sample evaluated, the effects found, or the IVR instruments used. Due to this, is the aim of this study is to identify the publications referring to IVR and physical activity, characterize them, and present the obtained main findings. For this, the guidelines described in the PRISMA-ScR for scoping reviews were applied. After the use of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, eight articles were included. Results show evidence regarding physiological outcomes, perceptual variables, interest and enjoyment, and psychological effects regarding physical activity through IVR. Additionally, the use of different devices and their prescriptions are explored. It is concluded that there is interest from the scientific community for the practice of physical activity through IVR, as well as for its application for the maintenance of active habits. This is important as it positions IVR as a method that can be a more experiential and effective way to develop and maintain a healthy lifestyle. © 2023 by the authors.Ítem Physical Education Teachers in active v/s in training: level of knowledge about Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder in schoolchildren(Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica, 2023) Salvador Soler, Noemi; Giakoni-Ramírez, FranoAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurobiological disorder of childhood, of genetic and multifactorial origin, with a neurobiological substrate that mainly affects the frontal lobe and its connections with the basal ganglia. The research deals with the level of knowledge of Physical Education pedagogical professionals in relation to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Objective: The aim of this research is to compare the level of knowledge among active and trainee physical education teachers in relation to ADHD in schoolchildren. Method: Under a non-experimental design, with a quantitative approach and comparative scope. Instruments: A questionnaire on the knowledge of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was applied. Results: Both active teachers and trainee teachers of Physical Education showed a low level of knowledge of ADHD, answering less than 50% of the questions correctly. Conclusion: The results show that there is a need to increase specific training in ADHD for teachers both during their initial and in-service training, with the intention of having a greater knowledge of this disorder, knowing how to relate in the classroom with students who present inappropriate behaviour, and in turn helping with the early detection of ADHD. © Copyright: Federación Española de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educación Física (FEADEF)Ítem The Association between Sedentary Behavior, Physical Activity, and Physical Fitness with Body Mass Index and Sleep Time in Chilean Girls and Boys: A Cross-Sectional Study(MDPI, 2023-05) Godoy-Cumillaf, Andrés; Fuentes-Merino, Paola; Farías-Valenzuela, Claudio; Duclos-Bastías, Daniel; Giakoni-Ramírez, Frano; Bruneau-Chávez, José; Merellano-Navarro, EugenioBackground: In recent decades, the school population has undergone behavioral changes that have affected their health and adult life. The current educational scenario presents high levels of sedentary behavior, physical inactivity, low physical fitness, high levels of obesity, and non-compliance with sleep recommendations. In Chile, the scientific evidence on associations between these behaviors is incipient. Objective: To analyze the association between sedentary behavior, physical activity, and physical fitness with BMI and minutes of sleep in Chilean children aged 10 to 11 years. Methods: A non-probabilistic convenience sample of 222 schoolchildren aged 10 to 11 years. The variables measured were body composition (BMI), cardiorespiratory fitness (20 m shuttle run test), lower and upper muscular strength (long jump test and handgrip dynamometry), speed (4 × 10 m running), and flexibility (sit and reach test). Physical activity and sleep were measured by accelerometers. Results: Of the participants, 60.4% and 90.6% did not comply with sleep and physical activity recommendations, respectively. Physical fitness was higher in boys in all components. The results of the linear regression show that in girls, moderate–vigorous-intensity physical activity, lower- and upper-body muscular strength, and cardiorespiratory endurance were associated with BMI and sleep. In boys, light-intensity physical activity and upper-body muscular strength were associated with both variables. Conclusions: Physical activity intensity, strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness were associated with BMI and sleep; however, physical activity intensity and associated physical fitness components differed by gender. © 2023 by the authors.Ítem The Effects of a Physical Activity Intervention on Adiposity, Physical Fitness and Motor Competence: A School-Based, Non-Randomized Controlled Trial(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024-01) Godoy-Cumillaf, Andrés; Fuentes-Merino, Paola; Giakoni-Ramírez, Frano; Duclos-Bastías, Daniel; Bruneau-Chávez, José; Merellano-Navarro, EugenioEvidence suggests that early physical activity interventions are a means of preventing childhood obesity and are more effective when delivered in a school setting and based on the ecological model. Therefore, the present study aims to determine the effect of a multicomponent intervention based on the ecological model on adiposity, physical fitness and motor competence in children aged 4 to 5 years. Methods: This study is a non-randomized controlled trial involving 173 children from Chile. The intervention was based on an ecological model and consisted of a physical activity program with three simultaneous parts, affecting intra- and interpersonal dimensions. The adiposity index, body mass index and waist circumference were measured. For physical fitness, muscle strength in the lower part, speed/agility and cardiorespiratory fitness were measured. Motor competence was assessed using catching, aiming and dynamic and static balance tests. Results: After the intervention, there was no reduction in adiposity indices; in the intervention group, body mass index increased significantly with a high effect size. The intervention group showed significant differences in physical fitness in the components of muscle strength in the lower part (p = 0.000) and speed/agility (p = 0.002). For motor competence, the intervention group showed significant improvements in most components. Conclusions: The multicomponent intervention did not reduce adiposity indices; however, it caused significant improvements in the physical fitness and motor competence components, so it seems prudent to continue implementing it, given the benefits that adequate levels of motor competence and physical fitness bring to children’s health, both in the short and long termÍtem Valuations of professional competencies in municipal sports managers in Chile(Federación Española de Docentes de Educación Física, 2023) Duclos-Bastías, Daniel; Matus-Castillo, Carlos; Flández-Valderrama, Jorge; Cornejo-Améstica, Miguel; Giakoni-Ramírez, FranoIn the field of sports management, it is essential to evaluate and understand the professional competencies associated with the functions of those who work in municipal sports services. These competencies perform a crucial role in the efficiency and quality of the sport services provided to the community. The aim of this study is to analyse the assessments of the professional competencies of sport managers working in Chilean municipal sport services based on the Sport Manager Competencies scale. For this purpose, the instrument was applied to a sample of 417 subjects from 164 municipalities (out of 346) belonging to the 16 regions of Chile. The descriptive and inferential statistical analysis allowed us to conclude that municipal sports managers attribute high importance to the professional competencies presented in the instrument, such as "Promoting harmony among staff" and "Motivating staff or volunteers". No statistically significant differences were found between men and women. In relation to the characterisation of the municipal sport managers, it can be noted that the majority are men (76.7%) and aged between 30 and 59 years, and that 3 out of 4 have a university education. © Copyright: Federación Española de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educación Física (FEADEF).