Examinando por Autor "Hillebrandt, W."

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    500 days of SN 2013dy: Spectra and photometry from the ultraviolet to the infrared
    (Oxford University Press, 2015-07) Pan, Y.-C.; Foley, R.J.; Kromer, M.; Fox, O.D.; Zheng, W.; Challis, P.; Clubb, K.; Filippenko, A.V.; Folatelli, G.; Graham, M.L.; Hillebrandt, W.; Kirshner, R.P.; Lee, W.H.; Pakmor, R.; Patat, F.; Phillips, M.M.; Pignata, G.; Röpke, F.; Seitenzahl, I.; Silverman, J.M.; Simon, J.D.; Sternberg, A.; Stritzinger, M.D.; Taubenberger, S.; Vinko, J.; Wheeler, J.C.
    SN 2013dy is a Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) for which we have compiled an extraordinary data set spanning from 0.1 to ~ 500 d after explosion. We present 10 epochs of ultraviolet (UV) through near-infrared (NIR) spectra with Hubble Space Telescope/Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph, 47 epochs of optical spectra (15 of them having high resolution), and more than 500 photometric observations in the BVrRiIZYJH bands. SN 2013dy has a broad and slowly declining light curve (Δm15(B)=0.92 mag), shallow Si II λ6355 absorption, and a low velocity gradient. We detect strong C II in our earliest spectra, probing unburned progenitor material in the outermost layers of the SN ejecta, but this feature fades within a few days. The UV continuum of SN 2013dy, which is strongly affected by the metal abundance of the progenitor star, suggests that SN 2013dy had a relatively high-metallicity progenitor. Examining one of the largest single set of high-resolution spectra for an SN Ia, we find no evidence of variable absorption from circumstellar material. Combining our UV spectra, NIR photometry, and high-cadence optical photometry, we construct a bolometric light curve, showing that SN 2013dy had a maximum luminosity of 10.0+4.8 -3.8 × 1042 erg s-1. We compare the synthetic light curves and spectra of several models to SN 2013dy, finding that SN 2013dy is in good agreement with a solar-metallicity W7 model. © 2015 The Authors Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society.
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    Extensive HST ultraviolet spectra and multiwavelength observations of SN 2014J in M82 indicate reddening and circumstellar scattering by typical dust
    (Oxford University Press, 2014) Foley, Ryan J.; Fox, O.D.; McCully, C.; Phillips, M.M.; Sand, D.J.; Zheng, W.; Challis, P.; Filippenko, A.V.; Folatelli, G.; Hillebrandt, W.; Hsiao, E.Y.; Jha, S.W.; Kirshner, R.P.; Kromer, M.; Marion, G.H.; Nelso, M.; Pakmor, R.; Pignata, G.; R̈opke, F.K.; Seitenzahl, I.R.; Silverman, J.M.; Skrutskie, M.; Stritzinger, M.D.
    SN 2014J in M82 is the closest detected Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) in at least 28 yr and perhaps in 410 yr. Despite its small distance of 3.3 Mpc, SN 2014J is surprisingly faint, peaking at V = 10.6 mag, and assuming a typical SN Ia luminosity, we infer an observed visual extinction of AV = 2.0 ± 0.1 mag. But this picture, with RV = 1.6 ± 0.2, is too simple to account for all observations. We combine 10 epochs (spanning a month) of HST/Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) ultraviolet through near-infrared spectroscopy with HST/Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3), Katzman Automatic Imaging Telescope, and FanCam photometry from the optical to the infrared and nine epochs of high-resolution TRES (Tillinghast Reflection Echelle Spectrograph) spectroscopy to investigate the sources of extinction and reddening for SN 2014J. We argue that the wide range of observed properties for SN 2014J is caused by a combination of dust reddening, likely originating in the interstellar medium of M82, and scattering off circumstellar material. For this model, roughly half of the extinction is caused by reddening from typical dust (E(B − V) = 0.45 mag and RV = 2.6) and roughly half by scattering off Large Magellanic Cloud-like dust in the circumstellar environment of SN 2014J.
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    PESSTO: Survey description and products from the first data release by the Public ESO Spectroscopic Survey of Transient Objects
    (EDP Sciences, 2015-07) Smartt, S.J.; Valenti, S.; Fraser, M.; Inserra, C.; Young, D.R.; Sullivan, M.; Pastorello, A.; Benetti, S.; Gal-Yam, A.; Knapic, C.; Molinaro, M.; Smareglia, R.; Smith, K.W.; Taubenberger, S.; Yaron, O.; Anderson, J.P.; Ashall, C.; Balland, C.; Baltay, C.; Barbarino, C.; Bauer, F.E.; Baumont, S.; Bersier, D.; Blagorodnova, N.; Bongard, S.; Botticella, M.T.; Bufano, F.; Bulla, M.; Cappellaro, E.; Campbell, H.; Cellier-Holzem, F.; Chen, T.-W.; Childress, M.J.; Clocchiatti, A.; Contreras, C.; Dall'Ora, M.; Danziger, J.; De Jaeger, T.; De Cia, A.; Della Valle, M.; Dennefeld, M.; Elias-Rosa, N.; Elman, N.; Feindt, U.; Fleury, M.; Gall, E.; Gonzalez-Gaitan, S.; Galbany, L.; Morales Garoffolo, A.; Greggio, L.; Guillou, L.L.; Hachinger, S.; Hadjiyska, E.; Hage, P.E.; Hillebrandt, W.; Hodgkin, S.; Hsiao, E.Y.; James, P.A.; Jerkstrand, A.; Kangas, T.; Kankare, E.; Kotak, R.; Kromer, M.; Kuncarayakti, H.; Leloudas, G.; Lundqvist, P.; Lyman, J.D.; Hook, I.M.; Maguire, K.; Manulis, I.; Margheim, S.J.; Mattila, S.; Maund, J.R.; Mazzali, P.A.; McCrum, M.; McKinnon, R.; Moreno-Raya, M.E.; Nicholl, M.; Nugent, P.; Pain, R.; Pignata, G.; Phillips, M.M.; Polshaw, J.; Pumo, M.; Rabinowitz, D.; Reilly, E.; Romero-Cañizales, C.; Scalzo, R.; Schmidt, B.; Schulze, S.; Sim, S.; Sollerman, J.; Taddia, F.; Tartaglia, L.; Terreran, G.; Tomasella, L.; Turatto, M.; Walker, E.; Walton, N.A.; Wyrzykowski, L.; Yuan, F.; Zampieri, L.
    Context. The Public European Southern Observatory Spectroscopic Survey of Transient Objects (PESSTO) began as a public spectroscopic survey in April 2012. PESSTO classifies transients from publicly available sources and wide-field surveys, and selects science targets for detailed spectroscopic and photometric follow-up. PESSTO runs for nine months of the year, January - April and August - December inclusive, and typically has allocations of 10 nights per month. Aims. We describe the data reduction strategy and data products that are publicly available through the ESO archive as the Spectroscopic Survey data release 1 (SSDR1). Methods. PESSTO uses the New Technology Telescope with the instruments EFOSC2 and SOFI to provide optical and NIR spectroscopy and imaging. We target supernovae and optical transients brighter than 20.5m for classification. Science targets are selected for follow-up based on the PESSTO science goal of extending knowledge of the extremes of the supernova population. We use standard EFOSC2 set-ups providing spectra with resolutions of 13-18 Å between 3345-9995 Å. A subset of the brighter science targets are selected for SOFI spectroscopy with the blue and red grisms (0.935-2.53 μm and resolutions 23-33 Å) and imaging with broadband JHKs filters. Results. This first data release (SSDR1) contains flux calibrated spectra from the first year (April 2012-2013). A total of 221 confirmed supernovae were classified, and we released calibrated optical spectra and classifications publicly within 24 h of the data being taken (via WISeREP). The data in SSDR1 replace those released spectra. They have more reliable and quantifiable flux calibrations, correction for telluric absorption, and are made available in standard ESO Phase 3 formats. We estimate the absolute accuracy of the flux calibrations for EFOSC2 across the whole survey in SSDR1 to be typically ∼15%, although a number of spectra will have less reliable absolute flux calibration because of weather and slit losses. Acquisition images for each spectrum are available which, in principle, can allow the user to refine the absolute flux calibration. The standard NIR reduction process does not produce high accuracy absolute spectrophotometry but synthetic photometry with accompanying JHKs imaging can improve this. Whenever possible, reduced SOFI images are provided to allow this. Conclusions. Future data releases will focus on improving the automated flux calibration of the data products. The rapid turnaround between discovery and classification and access to reliable pipeline processed data products has allowed early science papers in the first few months of the survey. © ESO, 2015.
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    Ultraviolet diversity of Type Ia Supernovae
    (OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2016-06) Foley, Ryan J.; Pan, Yen-Chen; Brown, P.; Filippenko, A. V.; Fox, O. D.; Hillebrandt, W.; Kirshner, R. P.; Marion, G. H.; Milne, P. A.; Parrent, J. T.; Pignata, G.; Stritzinger, M. D.
    Ultraviolet (UV) observations of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) probe the outermost layers of the explosion, and UV spectra of SNe Ia are expected to be extremely sensitive to differences in progenitor composition and the details of the explosion. Here, we present the first study of a sample of high signal-to-noise ratio SN Ia spectra that extend blueward of 2900 angstrom. We focus on spectra taken within 5 d of maximum brightness. Our sample of 10 SNe Ia spans, the majority of the parameter space of SN Ia optical diversity. We find that SNe Ia have significantly more diversity in the UV than in the optical, with the spectral variance continuing to increase with decreasing wavelengths until at least 1800 angstrom (the limit of our data). The majority of the UV variance correlates with optical light-curve shape, while there are no obvious and unique correlations between spectral shape and either ejecta velocity or host-galaxy morphology. Using light-curve shape as the primary variable, we create a UV spectral model for SNe Ia at peak brightness. With the model, we can examine how individual SNe vary relative to expectations based on only their light-curve shape. Doing this, we confirm an excess of flux for SN 2011fe at short wavelengths, consistent with its progenitor having a subsolar metallicity. While most other SNe Ia do not show large deviations from the model, ASASSN-14lp has a deficit of flux at short wavelengths, suggesting that its progenitor was relatively metal rich.
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    Ultraviolet diversity of type Ia supernovae
    (Oxford University Press, 2016-09) Foley, Ryan J.; Pan, Yen-Chen; Brown, P.; Filippenko, A.V.; Fox, O.D.; Hillebrandt, W.; Kirshner, R.P.; Marion, G.H.; Milne, P.A.; Parrent, J.T.; Pignata, G.; Stritzinger, M.D.
    Ultraviolet (UV) observations of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) probe the outermost layers of the explosion, and UV spectra of SNe Ia are expected to be extremely sensitive to differences in progenitor composition and the details of the explosion. Here, we present the first study of a sample of high signal-to-noise ratio SN Ia spectra that extend blueward of 2900 Å. We focus on spectra taken within 5 d of maximum brightness. Our sample of 10 SNe Ia spans, the majority of the parameter space of SN Ia optical diversity. We find that SNe Ia have significantly more diversity in the UV than in the optical, with the spectral variance continuing to increase with decreasing wavelengths until at least 1800 Å (the limit of our data). The majority of the UV variance correlates with optical light-curve shape, while there are no obvious and unique correlations between spectral shape and either ejecta velocity or host-galaxy morphology. Using light-curve shape as the primary variable, we create a UV spectral model for SNe Ia at peak brightness. With the model, we can examine how individual SNe vary relative to expectations based on only their light-curve shape. Doing this, we confirm an excess of flux for SN 2011fe at short wavelengths, consistent with its progenitor having a subsolar metallicity. While most other SNe Ia do not show large deviations from the model, ASASSN-14lp has a deficit of flux at short wavelengths, suggesting that its progenitor was relatively metal rich. Key words: supernovae: general – supernovae: individual: SN 1992A, SN 2009ig, SN 2011by, SN 2011fe, SN 2011iv, SN 2012cg, SN 2013dy, SN 2014J, ASASSN-14lp, SN 2015F – ultraviolet: stars.