Examinando por Autor "Lian, Jianhui"
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Ítem A comparative analysis of the chemical compositions of Gaia-Enceladus/Sausage and Milky Way satellites using APOGEE(Oxford University Press, 2023-03) Fernandes, Laura; Mason, Andrew CHorta, Danny; Schiavon, Ricardo P; Hayes, Christian; Hasselquist, Sten; Feuillet, Diane; Beaton, Rachael L; Jönsson, Henrik; Kisku, Shobhit; Lacerna, Ivan; Lian, Jianhui; Minniti, Dante; Villanova, SandroWe use data from the 17th data release of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE 2) to contrast the chemical composition of the recently discovered Gaia Enceladus/Sausage system (GE/S) to those of 10 Milky Way (MW) dwarf satellite galaxies: LMC, SMC, Boötes I, Carina, Draco, Fornax, Sagittarius, Sculptor, Sextans, and Ursa Minor. Our main focus is on the distributions of the stellar populations of those systems in the [Mg/Fe]-[Fe/H] and [Mg/Mn]-[Al/Fe] planes, which are commonly employed in the literature for chemical diagnosis and where dwarf galaxies can be distinguished from in situ populations. We show that, unlike MW satellites, a GE/S sample defined purely on the basis of orbital parameters falls almost entirely within the locus of 'accreted' stellar populations in chemical space, which is likely caused by an early quenching of star formation in GE/S. Due to a more protracted history of star formation, stars in the metal-rich end of the MW satellite populations are characterized by lower [Mg/Mn] than those of their GE/S counterparts. The chemical compositions of GE/S stars are consistent with a higher early star formation rate (SFR) than MW satellites of comparable and even higher mass, suggesting that star formation in the early universe was strongly influenced by other parameters in addition to mass. We find that the direction of the metallicity gradient in the [Mg/Mn]-[Al/Fe] plane of dwarf galaxies is an indicator of the early SFR of the system. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Astronomical Society.Ítem APOGEE chemical abundance patterns of the massive milky way satellites(IOP Publishing Ltd, 2021-12) Hasselquist, Sten; Hayes, Christian R; Lian, Jianhui; Weinberg, David H.; Zasowski, Gail; Horta, Danny; Beaton, Rachael; Feuillet, Diane K.; Garro, Elisa R.; Gallart, Carme; Smith, Verne V.; Holtzman, Jon A.; Minniti, Dante; Lacerna, Ivan; Shetrone, Matthew; Jönsson, Henrik; Cioni, Maria-Rosa L.; Fillingham, Sean P.; Cunha, Katia; O'Connell, Robert; Fernández-Trincado, José G.; Munoz, Ricardo R.; Schiavon, Ricardo; Almeida, Andres; Anguiano, Borja; Beers, Timothy C.; Bizyaev, Dmitry; Brownstein, Joel R.; Cohen, Roger E.; Frinchaboy, Peter; García-Hernández, D.A.; Geisler, Doug; Lane, Richard R.; Majewski, Steven R; Nidever, David L.; Nitschelm, Christian; Povick, Joshua; Price-Whelan, Adrian; Roman-Lopes, Alexandre; Rosado, Margarita; Sobeck, Jennifer; Stringfellow, Guy; Valenzuela, Octavio; Villanova, Sandro; Vincenzo, FiorenzoThe SDSS-IV Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) survey has obtained high resolution spectra for thousands of red giant stars distributed among the massive satellite galaxies of the Milky Way (MW): the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC/SMC), the Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy (Sgr), Fornax (Fnx), and the now fully disrupted Gaia Sausage/Enceladus (GSE) system. We present and analyze the APOGEE chemical abundance patterns of each galaxy to draw robust conclusions about their star formation histories, by quantifying the relative abundance trends of multiple elements (C, N, O, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Fe, Ni, and Ce), as well as by fitting chemical evolution models to the [α/Fe]–[Fe/H] abundance plane for each galaxy. Results show that the chemical signatures of the starburst in the Magellanic Clouds (MCs) observed by Nidever et al. in the α-element abundances extend to C+N, Al, and Ni, with the major burst in the SMC occurring some 3–4 Gyr before the burst in the LMC. We find that Sgr and Fnx also exhibit chemical abundance patterns suggestive of secondary star formation epochs, but these events were weaker and earlier (∼5–7 Gyr ago) than those observed in the MCs. There is no chemical evidence of a second starburst in GSE, but this galaxy shows the strongest initial star formation as compared to the other four galaxies. All dwarf galaxies had greater relative contributions of AGB stars to their enrichment than the MW. Comparing and contrasting these chemical patterns highlight the importance of galaxy environment on its chemical evolution.Ítem How many components? Quantifying the complexity of the metallicity distribution in the Milky Way bulge with APOGEE(Oxford University Press, 2020-11-01) Rojas-Arriagada, Alvaro; Zasowski, Gail; Schultheis, Mathias; Zoccali, Manuela; Hasselquist, Sten; Chiappini, Cristina; Cohen, Roger E.; Cunha, Katia; Fernández-Trincado, José G.; Fragkoudi, Francesca; Garcia-Hernández, D. A.; Geisler, Doug; Gran, Felipe; Lian, Jianhui; Majewski, Steven; Minniti, Dante; Monachesi, Antonela; Nitschelm, Christian; Queiroz, Anna B. A.We use data of ~13 000 stars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey/Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment survey to study the shape of the bulge metallicity distribution function (MDF) within the region |l| = 11° and |b| = 13°, and spatially constrained to RGC = 3.5 kpc. We apply Gaussian mixture modelling and non-negative matrix factorization decomposition techniques to identify the optimal number and the properties of MDF components. We find that the shape and spatial variations of the MDF (at [Fe/H]=-1 dex) are well represented as a smoothly varying contribution of three overlapping components located at [Fe/H] = +0.32, -0.17, and -0.66 dex. The bimodal MDF found in previous studies is in agreement with our trimodal assessment once the limitations in sample size and individual measurement errors are taken into account. The shape of the MDF and its correlations with kinematics reveal different spatial distributions and kinematical structure for the three components co-existing in the bulge region. We confirm the consensus physical interpretation of metal-rich stars as associated with the secularly evolved disc into a boxy/peanut X-shape bar. On the other hand, metal-intermediate stars could be the product of in-situ formation at high redshift in a gas-rich environment characterized by violent and fast star formation. This interpretation would help us to link a present-day structure with those observed in formation in the centre of high-redshift galaxies. Finally, metal-poor stars may correspond to the metal-rich tail of the population sampled at lower metallicity from the study of RR Lyrae stars. Conversely, they could be associated with the metal-poor tail of the early thick disc.Ítem The age–chemical abundance structure of the Galaxy I: evidence for a late-accretion event in the outer disc at z ∼ 0.6(Oxford University Press, 2020-05) Lian, Jianhui; Thomas, Daniel; Claudia, Maraston; Zamora, Olga; Tayar, Jamie; Pan, Kaike; Tissera, Patricia; Fernandez-Trincado, Jose G.; Garcia-Hernandez, D. A.We investigate the age-chemical abundance structure of the outer Galactic disc at a galactocentric distance of r > 10 kpc as recently revealed by the SDSS/APOGEE survey. Two sequences are present in the [α/Fe]-[Fe/H] plane with systematically different stellar ages. Surprisingly, the young sequence is less metal rich, suggesting a recent dilution process by additional gas accretion. As the stars with the lowest iron abundance in the younger sequence also show an enhancement in α-element abundance, the gas accretion event must have involved a burst of star formation. In order to explain these observations, we construct a chemical evolution model. In this model, we include a relatively short episode of gas accretion at late times on top of an underlying secular accretion over long time-scales. Our model is successful at reproducing the observed distribution of stars in the three-dimensional space of [α/Fe]-[Fe/H]-age in the outer disc. We find that a late-time accretion with a delay of 8.2 Gyr and a time-scale of 0.7 Gyr best fits the observed data, in particular the presence of the young, metal-poor sequence. Our best-fitting model further implies that the amount of accreted gas in the late-time accretion event needs to be about three times the local gas reservoir in the outer disc at the time of accretion in order to sufficiently dilute the metal abundance. Given this large fraction, we interpret the late-time accretion event as a minor merger presumably with a gas-rich dwarf galaxy with a mass M∗ < 109 M☉ and a gas fraction of ∼75 per cent. © 2020 The Author(s)