Examinando por Autor "Liu, James H."

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    A longitudinal study of the effects of internet use on subjective well-being
    (Routledge, 2020-09) Paez, Dario; Delfino, Gisela; Vargas-Salfate, Salvador; Liu, James H.; Gil De Zúñiga, Homero; Khan, Sammyh; Garaigordobil, Maite
    This study examined how internet use is related to subjective well-being, using longitudinal data from 19 nations with representative online samples stratified for age, gender, and region (N = 7122, 51.43% women, M age= 45.26). Life satisfaction and anxiety served as indices of subjective well-being at time 1 (t1) and then six months later (t2). Frequency of internet use (hours online per day) at t1 correlated with lower life satisfaction, r = –.06, and more anxiety, r =.13 at t2. However, after imposing multivariate controls, frequency of internet use (t1) was no longer associated with lower subjective well-being (t2). Frequency of social contact by internet and use of internet for following rumors (t1) predicted higher anxiety (t2). Higher levels of direct (face-to-face plus phone) social contact (t1) predicted greater life satisfaction (t2). In multivariate analyses, all effect sizes were small. Society-level individualism-collectivism or indulgence-restraint did not show a direct effect on outcomes nor moderate individual-level associations. Results are discussed in the framework of the internet as a displacement of social contact versus a replacement of deficits in direct contact; and as a source of positive and negative information. © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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    Ítem
    System justification enhances well-being: A longitudinal analysis of the palliative function of system justification in 18 countries
    (John Wiley and Sons Ltd., 2018-07) Vargas-Salfate, Salvador; Paez, Darío; Khan, Sammyh S.; Liu, James H.; Gil de Zúñiga, Homero
    According to the palliative function of ideology hypothesis proposed by System Justification Theory, endorsing system-justifying beliefs is positively related to general psychological well-being, because this fulfils existential, epistemic, and relational needs. We discuss and address three main issues: (1) the role of societal inequality, (2) comparisons by social status, and (3) cross-sectional versus longitudinal research. We used a longitudinal survey of representative online samples (N = 5,901) from 18 countries. The results supported the main argument proposed by the theory, in that system justification was positively and significantly related to life satisfaction and negatively related to anxiety and depression. The pattern of results suggested that the palliative function of system justification is more homogeneously distributed across individual and collective measures of social status than proposed by the theory, because the function was unaffected either by society-level inequality or by individual-level social status. These results allow us to infer that one of the reasons for the high stability of social arrangements is located in the psychological domain of palliative effects. © 2018 The British Psychological Society