Examinando por Autor "Masseron, T."
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Ítem A Chemical and Kinematical Analysis of the Intermediate-age Open Cluster IC 166 from APOGEE and Gaia DR2(Institute of Physics Publishing, 2018-09) Schiappacasse-Ulloa, J.; Tang, B.; Fernández-Trincado, J.G.; Zamora, O.; Geisler, D.; Frinchaboy, P.; Schultheis, M.; Dell'Agli, F.; Villanova, S.; Masseron, T.; Mészáros, S.; Souto, D.; Hasselquist, S.; Cunha, K.; Smith, V.V.; García-Hernández, D.A.; Vieira, K.; Robin, A.C.; Minniti, D.; Zasowski, G.; Moreno, E.; Pérez-Villegas, A.; Lane, R.R.; Ivans, I.I.; Pan, K.; Nitschelm, C.; Santana, F.A.; Carrera, R.; Roman-Lopes, A.IC 166 is an intermediate-age open cluster (OC) (∼1 Gyr) that lies in the transition zone of the metallicity gradient in the outer disk. Its location, combined with our very limited knowledge of its salient features, make it an interesting object of study. We present the first high-resolution spectroscopic and precise kinematical analysis of IC 166, which lies in the outer disk with R GC ∼ 12.7 kpc. High-resolution H-band spectra were analyzed using observations from the SDSS-IV Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment survey. We made use of the Brussels Automatic Stellar Parameter code to provide chemical abundances based on a line-by-line approach for up to eight chemical elements (Mg, Si, Ca, Ti, Al, K, Mn, and Fe). The α-element (Mg, Si, Ca, and whenever available Ti) abundances, and their trends with Fe abundances have been analyzed for a total of 13 high-likelihood cluster members. No significant abundance scatter was found in any of the chemical species studied. Combining the positional, heliocentric distance, and kinematic information, we derive, for the first time, the probable orbit of IC 166 within a Galactic model including a rotating boxy bar, and found that it is likely that IC 166 formed in the Galactic disk, supporting its nature as an unremarkable Galactic OC with an orbit bound to the Galactic plane. © 2018. The American Astronomical Society.Ítem Exploring the S-process History in the Galactic Disk: Cerium Abundances and Gradients in Open Clusters from the OCCAM/APOGEE Sample(Astrophysical Journal, 2022-02) Sales-Silva, J.; Daflon, S.; Cunha, K.; Souto, D.; Smith, V.; Chiappini, C.; Donor, J.; Frinchaboy, P.; García-Hernández, D.; Hayes, C.; Majewski, S.; Masseron, T.; Schiavon, R.; Weinberg, D.; Beaton, R.; Fernández-Trincado, J.; Jönsson, H.; Lane, R.; Minniti, D.; Manchado, A.; Moni, B.; Nitschelm, C.; O'Connell, J.; Villanova, S.The APOGEE Open Cluster Chemical Abundances and Mapping survey is used to probe the chemical evolution of the s-process element cerium in the Galactic disk. Cerium abundances were derived from measurements of Ce ii lines in the APOGEE spectra using the Brussels Automatic Code for Characterizing High Accuracy Spectra in 218 stars belonging to 42 open clusters. Our results indicate that, in general, for ages < 4 Gyr, younger open clusters have higher [Ce/Fe] and [Ce/α-element] ratios than older clusters. In addition, metallicity segregates open clusters in the [Ce/X]-age plane (where X can be H, Fe, or the α-elements O, Mg, Si, or Ca). These metallicity-dependent relations result in [Ce/Fe] and [Ce/α] ratios with ages that are not universal clocks. Radial gradients of [Ce/H] and [Ce/Fe] ratios in open clusters, binned by age, were derived for the first time, with d[Ce/H]/d R GC being negative, while d[Ce/Fe]/d R GC is positive. [Ce/H] and [Ce/Fe] gradients are approximately constant over time, with the [Ce/Fe] gradient becoming slightly steeper, changing by ∼+0.009 dex kpc-1 Gyr-1. Both the [Ce/H] and [Ce/Fe] gradients are shifted to lower values of [Ce/H] and [Ce/Fe] for older open clusters. The chemical pattern of Ce in open clusters across the Galactic disk is discussed within the context of s-process yields from asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, gigayear time delays in Ce enrichment of the interstellar medium, and the strong dependence of Ce nucleosynthesis on the metallicity of its AGB stellar sources.Ítem The Gaia -ESO Survey: Double-, triple-, and quadruple-line spectroscopic binary candidates(EDP Sciences, 2017-12) Merle, T.; Van Eck, S.; Jorissen, A.; Van Der Swaelmen, M.; Masseron, T.; Zwitter, T.; Hatzidimitriou, D.; Klutsch, A.; Pourbaix, D.; Blomme, R.; Worley, C.C.; Sacco, G.; Lewis, J.; Abia, C.; Traven, G.; Sordo, R.; Bragaglia, A.; Smiljanic, R.; Pancino, E.; Damiani, F.; Hourihane, A.; Gilmore, G.; Randich, S.; Koposov, S.; Casey, A.; Morbidelli, L.; Franciosini, E.; Magrini, L.; Jofre, P.; Costado, M.T.; Jeffries, R.D.; Bergemann, M.; Lanzafame, A.C.; Bayo, A.; Carraro, G.; Flaccomio, E.; Monaco, L.; Zaggia, S.Context. The Gaia-ESO Survey (GES) is a large spectroscopic survey that provides a unique opportunity to study the distribution of spectroscopic multiple systems among different populations of the Galaxy. Aims. Our aim is to detect binarity/multiplicity for stars targeted by the GES from the analysis of the cross-correlation functions (CCFs) of the GES spectra with spectral templates. Methods. We developed a method based on the computation of the CCF successive derivatives to detect multiple peaks and determine their radial velocities, even when the peaks are strongly blended. The parameters of the detection of extrema (doe) code have been optimized for each GES GIRAFFE and UVES setup to maximize detection. The doe code therefore allows to automatically detect multiple line spectroscopic binaries (SBn, n ≥ 2). Results. We apply this method on the fourth GES internal data release and detect 354 SBn candidates (342 SB2, 11 SB3, and even one SB4), including only nine SBs known in the literature. This implies that about 98% of these SBn candidates are new because of their faint visual magnitude that can reach V = 19. Visual inspection of the SBn candidate spectra reveals that the most probable candidates have indeed a composite spectrum. Among the SB2 candidates, an orbital solution could be computed for two previously unknown binaries: CNAME 06404608+0949173 (known as V642 Mon) in NGC 2264 and CNAME 19013257-0027338 in Berkeley 81 (Be 81). A detailed analysis of the unique SB4 (four peaks in the CCF) reveals that CNAME 08414659-5303449 (HD 74438) in the open cluster IC 2391 is a physically bound stellar quadruple system. The SB candidates belonging to stellar clusters are reviewed in detail to discard false detections. We suggest that atmospheric parameters should not be used for these system components; SB-specific pipelines should be used instead. Conclusions. Our implementation of an automatic detection of spectroscopic binaries within the GES has allowed the efficient discovery of many new multiple systems. With the detection of the SB1 candidates that will be the subject of a forthcoming paper, the study of the statistical and physical properties of the spectroscopic multiple systems will soon be possible for the entire GES sample. © ESO 2017.Ítem The Gaia -ESO Survey: Double-, triple-, and quadruple-line spectroscopic binary candidates(EDP Sciences, 2017) Merle, T.; Van Eck, S.; Jorissen, A.; Van Der Swaelmen, M.; Masseron, T.; Zwitter, T.; Hatzidimitriou, D.; Klutsch, A.; Pourbaix, D.; Blomme, R.; Worley, C.C.; Sacco, G.; Lewis, J.; Abia, C.; Traven, G.; Sordo, R.; Bragaglia, A.; Smiljanic, R.; Pancino, E.; Damiani, F.; Hourihane, A.; Gilmore, G.; Randich, S.; Koposov, S.; Casey, A.; Morbidelli, L.; Franciosini, E.; Magrini, L.; Jofre, P.; Costado, M.T.; Jeffries, R.D.; Bergemann, M.; Lanzafame, A.C.; Bayo, A.; Carraro, G.; Flaccomio, E.; Monaco, L.; Zaggia, S.Context. The Gaia-ESO Survey (GES) is a large spectroscopic survey that provides a unique opportunity to study the distribution of spectroscopic multiple systems among different populations of the Galaxy. Aims. Our aim is to detect binarity/multiplicity for stars targeted by the GES from the analysis of the cross-correlation functions (CCFs) of the GES spectra with spectral templates. Methods. We developed a method based on the computation of the CCF successive derivatives to detect multiple peaks and determine their radial velocities, even when the peaks are strongly blended. The parameters of the detection of extrema (doe) code have been optimized for each GES GIRAFFE and UVES setup to maximize detection. The doe code therefore allows to automatically detect multiple line spectroscopic binaries (SBn, n ≥ 2). Results. We apply this method on the fourth GES internal data release and detect 354 SBn candidates (342 SB2, 11 SB3, and even one SB4), including only nine SBs known in the literature. This implies that about 98% of these SBn candidates are new because of their faint visual magnitude that can reach V = 19. Visual inspection of the SBn candidate spectra reveals that the most probable candidates have indeed a composite spectrum. Among the SB2 candidates, an orbital solution could be computed for two previously unknown binaries: CNAME 06404608+0949173 (known as V642 Mon) in NGC 2264 and CNAME 19013257-0027338 in Berkeley 81 (Be 81). A detailed analysis of the unique SB4 (four peaks in the CCF) reveals that CNAME 08414659-5303449 (HD 74438) in the open cluster IC 2391 is a physically bound stellar quadruple system. The SB candidates belonging to stellar clusters are reviewed in detail to discard false detections. We suggest that atmospheric parameters should not be used for these system components; SB-specific pipelines should be used instead. Conclusions. Our implementation of an automatic detection of spectroscopic binaries within the GES has allowed the efficient discovery of many new multiple systems. With the detection of the SB1 candidates that will be the subject of a forthcoming paper, the study of the statistical and physical properties of the spectroscopic multiple systems will soon be possible for the entire GES sample.Ítem The Gaia -ESO Survey: Empirical determination of the precision of stellar radial velocities and projected rotation velocities(EDP Sciences, 2015-08) Jackson, R.J.; Jeffries, R.D.; Lewis, J.; Koposov, S.E.; Sacco, G.G.; Randich, S.; Asplund, M.; Binney, J.; Bonifacio, P.; Drew, J.E.; Feltzing, S.; Ferguson, A.M.N.; Micela, G.; Neguerela, I.; Prusti, T.; Rix, H.-W.; Vallenari, A.; Alfaro, E.J.; Allende Prieto, C.; Babusiaux, C.; Bensby, T.; Blomme, R.; Bragaglia, A.; Flaccomio, E.; Francois, P.; Hambly, N.; Irwin, M.; Korn, A.J.; Lanzafame, A.C.; Pancino, E.; Recio-Blanco, A.; Smiljanic, R.; Van Eck, S.; Walton, N.; Bayo, A.; Bergemann, M.; Carraro, G.; Costado, M.T.; Damiani, Edvardsson B.; Franciosini, E.; Frasca, A.; Heiter, U.; Hill, V.; Hourihane, A.; Jofré, P.; Lardo, C.; De Laverny, P.; Lind, K.; Magrini, L.; Marconi, G.; Martayan, C.; Masseron, T.; Monaco, L.; Prisinzano, L.; Sbordone, L.; Sousa, S.G.; Worley, C.C.; Zaggia, S.Context. The Gaia-ESO Survey (GES) is a large public spectroscopic survey at the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope. Aims. A key aim is to provide precise radial velocities (RVs) and projected equatorial velocities (v sin i) for representative samples of Galactic stars, which will complement information obtained by the Gaia astrometry satellite. Methods. We present an analysis to empirically quantify the size and distribution of uncertainties in RV and v sin i using spectra from repeated exposures of the same stars. Results. We show that the uncertainties vary as simple scaling functions of signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) and v sin i, that the uncertainties become larger with increasing photospheric temperature, but that the dependence on stellar gravity, metallicity and age is weak. The underlying uncertainty distributions have extended tails that are better represented by Student's t-distributions than by normal distributions. Conclusions. Parametrised results are provided, which enable estimates of the RV precision for almost all GES measurements, and estimates of the v sin i precision for stars in young clusters, as a function of S/N, v sin i and stellar temperature. The precision of individual high S/N GES RV measurements is 0.22-0.26 kms-1, dependent on instrumental configuration. © ESO, 2015.Ítem The Gaia -ESO Survey: Properties of newly discovered Li-rich giants(EDP Sciences, 2018-09) Smiljanic, R.; Franciosini, E.; Bragaglia, A.; Tautvaišiene, G.; Fu, X.; Pancino, E.; Adibekyan, V.; Sousa, S.G.; Randich, S.; Montalbán, J.; Pasquini, L.; Magrini, L.; Drazdauskas, A.; García, R.A.; Mathur, S.; Mosser, B.; Régulo, C.; De Assis Peralta, R.; Hekker, S.; Feuillet, D.; Valentini, M.; Morel, T.; Martell, S.; Gilmore, G.; Feltzing, S.; Vallenari, A.; Bensby, T.; Korn, A.J.; Lanzafame, A.C.; Recio-Blanco, A.; Bayo, A.; Carraro, G.; Costado, M.T.; Frasca, A.; Jofré, P.; Lardo, C.; De Laverny, P.; Lind, K.; Masseron, T.; Monaco, L.; Morbidelli, L.; Prisinzano, L.; Sbordone, L.; Zaggia, S.Aims. We report 20 new lithium-rich giants discovered within the Gaia-ESO Survey, including the first Li-rich giant with an evolutionary stage confirmed by CoRoT (Convection, Rotation and planetary Transits) data. We present a detailed overview of the properties of these 20 stars. Methods. Atmospheric parameters and abundances were derived in model atmosphere analyses using medium-resolution GIRAFFE or high-resolution UVES (Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph) spectra. These results are part of the fifth internal data release of the Gaia-ESO Survey. The Li abundances were corrected for non-local thermodynamical equilibrium effects. Other stellar properties were investigated for additional peculiarities (the core of strong lines for signs of magnetic activity, infrared magnitudes, rotational velocities, chemical abundances, and Galactic velocities). We used Gaia DR2 parallaxes to estimate distances and luminosities. Results. The giants have A(Li) > 2.2 dex. The majority of them (14 of 20 stars) are in the CoRoT fields. Four giants are located in the field of three open clusters, but are not members. Two giants were observed in fields towards the Galactic bulge, but likely lie in the inner disc. One of the bulge field giants is super Li-rich with A(Li) = 4.0 dex. Conclusions. We identified one giant with infrared excess at 22 μm. Two other giants, with large v sin i, might be Li-rich because of planet engulfment. Another giant is found to be barium enhanced and thus could have accreted material from a former asymptotic giant branch companion. Otherwise, in addition to the Li enrichment, the evolutionary stages are the only other connection between these new Li-rich giants. The CoRoT data confirm that one Li-rich giant is at the core-He burning stage. The other giants are concentrated in close proximity to the red giant branch luminosity bump, the core-He burning stages, or the early-asymptotic giant branch. This is very clear from the Gaia-based luminosities of the Li-rich giants. This is also seen when the CoRoT Li-rich giants are compared to a larger sample of 2252 giants observed in the CoRoT fields by the Gaia-ESO Survey, which are distributed throughout the red giant branch in the Teff-log g diagram. These observations show that the evolutionary stage is a major factor for the Li enrichment in giants. Other processes, such as planet accretion, contribute at a smaller scale. © ESO 2018.Ítem The Gaia -ESO Survey: The origin and evolution of s -process elements(EDP Sciences, 2018-09) Magrini, L.; Spina, L.; Randich, S.; Friel, E.; Kordopatis, G.; Worley, C.; Pancino, E.; Bragaglia, A.; Donati, P.; Tautvaišienė, G.; Bagdonas, V.; Delgado-Mena, E.; Adibekyan, V.; Sousa, S.G.; Jiménez-Esteban, F.M.; Sanna, N.; Roccatagliata, V.; Bonito, R.; Sbordone, L.; Duffau, S.; Gilmore, G.; Feltzing, S.; Jeffries, R.D.; Vallenari, A.; Alfaro, E.J.; Bensby, T.; Francois, P.; Koposov, S.; Korn, A.J.; Recio-Blanco, A.; Smiljanic, R.; Bayo, A.; Carraro, G.; Casey, A.R.; Costado, M.T.; Damiani, F.; Franciosini, E.; Frasca, A.; Hourihane, A.; Jofré, P.; De Laverny, P.; Lewis, J.; Masseron, T.; Monaco, L.; Morbidelli, L.; Prisinzano, L.; Sacco, G.; Zaggia, S.Context. Several works have found an increase of the abundances of the s-process neutron-capture elements in the youngest Galactic stellar populations. These trends provide important constraints on stellar and Galactic evolution and they need to be confirmed with large and statistically significant samples of stars spanning wide age and distance intervals. Aims. We aim to trace the abundance patterns and the time evolution of five s-process elements - two belonging to the first peak, Y and Zr, and three belonging to the second peak, Ba, La, and Ce - using the Gaia-ESO IDR5 results for open clusters and disc stars. Methods. From the UVES spectra of cluster member stars, we determined the average composition of clusters with ages >0.1 Gyr. We derived statistical ages and distances of field stars, and we separated them into thin and thick disc populations. We studied the time-evolution and dependence on metallicity of abundance ratios using open clusters and field stars whose parameters and abundances were derived in a homogeneous way. Results. Using our large and homogeneous sample of open clusters, thin and thick disc stars, spanning an age range larger than 10 Gyr, we confirm an increase towards young ages of s-process abundances in the solar neighbourhood. These trends are well defined for open clusters and stars located nearby the solar position and they may be explained by a late enrichment due to significant contribution to the production of these elements from long-living low-mass stars. At the same time, we find a strong dependence of the s-process abundance ratios on the Galactocentric distance and on the metallicity of the clusters and field stars. Conclusions. Our results, derived from the largest and most homogeneous sample of s-process abundances in the literature, confirm the growth with decreasing stellar ages of the s-process abundances in both field and open cluster stars. At the same time, taking advantage of the abundances of open clusters located in a wide Galactocentric range, these results offer a new perspective on the dependence of the s-process evolution on the metallicity and star formation history, pointing to different behaviours at various Galactocentric distances. © 2018 ESO.Ítem The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey: Implementation, data products, open cluster survey, science, and legacy(EDP Sciences, 2022-10-01) Randich, S.; Gilmore, G.; Magrini, L.; Sacco, G.G.; Jackson, R.J.; Jeffries, R.D.; Worley, C.C.; Hourihane, A.; Gonneau, A.; Viscasillas Vázquez, C.; Franciosini, E.; Lewis, J.R.; Alfaro, E.J.; Allende Prieto, C.; Bensby, T.; Blomme, R.; Bragaglia, A.; Flaccomio, E.; François, P.; Irwin, M.J.; Koposov, S.E.; Korn, A.J.; Lanzafame, A.C.; Pancino, E.; Recio Blanco, A.; Smiljanic, R.; Van Eck, S.; Zwitter, T.; Asplund, M.; Bonifacio, P.; Feltzing, S.; Binney, J.; Drew, J.; Ferguson, A.M.N.; Micela, G.; Negueruela, I.; Prusti, T.; Rix, H.-W.; Vallenari, A.; Bayo, A.; Bergemann, M.; Biazzo, K.; Carraro, G.; Casey, A.R.; Damiani, F.; Frasca, A.; Heiter, U.; Hill, V.; Jofré, P.; de Laverny, P.; Lind, K.; Marconi, G.; Martayan, C.; Masseron, T.; Monaco, L.; Morbidelli, L.; Prisinzano, L.; Sbordone, L.; Sousa, S.G.; Zaggia, S.; Adibekyan, V.; Bonito, R.; Caffau, E.; Daflon, S.; Feuillet, D.K.; Gebran, M.; González Hernández, J.I.; Guiglion, G.; Herrero, A.; Lobel, A.; Maíz Apellániz, J.; Merle, T.; Mikolaitis, S.; Montes, D.; Morel, T.; Soubiran, C.; Spina, L.; Tabernero, H.M.; Tautvaišiene, G.; Traven, G.; Valentini, M.; Van der Swaelmen, M.; Villanova, S.; Wright, N.J.; Abbas, U.; Aguirre Børsen-Koch, V.; Alves, J.; Balaguer Núnez, L.; Barklem, P.S.; Barrado, D.; Berlanas, S.R.; Binks, A.S.; Bressan, A.; Capuzzo Dolcetta, R.; Casagrande, L.; Casamiquela, L.; Collins, R.S.; D’Orazi, V.; Dantas, M.L.L.; Debattista, V.P.; Delgado Mena, E.; Di Marcantonio, P.; Drazdauskas, A.; Evans, N.W.; Famaey, B.; Franchini, M.; Frémat, Y.; Friel, E.D.; Fu, X.; Geisler, D.; Gerhard, O.; González Solares, E.A.; Grebel, E.K.; Gutiérrez Albarrán, M.L.; Hatzidimitriou, D.; Held, E.V.; Jiménez Esteban, F.; Jönsson, H.; Jordi, C.; Khachaturyants, T.; Kordopatis, G.; Kos, J.; Lagarde, N.; Mahy, L.; Mapelli, M.; Marfil, E.; Martell, S.L.; Messina, S.; Miglio, A.; Minchev, I.; Moitinho, A.; Montalban, J.; Monteiro, M.J.P.F.G.; Morossi, C.; Mowlavi, N.; Mucciarelli, A.; Murphy, D.N.A.; Nardetto, N.; Ortolani, S.; Paletou, F.; Palous, J.; Paunzen, E.; Pickering, J.C.; Quirrenbach, A.; Re Fiorentin, P.; Read, J.I.; Romano, D.; Ryde, N.; Sanna, N.; Santos, W.; Seabroke, G.M.; Spagna, A.; Steinmetz, M.; Stonkuté, E.; Sutorius, E.; Thévenin, F.; Tosi, M.; Tsantaki, M.; Vink, J.S.; Wright, N.; Wyse, R.F.G.; Zoccali, M.; Zorec, J.; Zucker, D.B.; Walton, N.A.Context. In the last 15 years different ground-based spectroscopic surveys have been started (and completed) with the general aim of delivering stellar parameters and elemental abundances for large samples of Galactic stars, complementing Gaia astrometry. Among those surveys, the Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey, the only one performed on a 8m class telescope, was designed to target 100 000 stars using FLAMES on the ESO VLT (both Giraffe and UVES spectrographs), covering all the Milky Way populations, with a special focus on open star clusters. Aims. This article provides an overview of the survey implementation (observations, data quality, analysis and its success, data products, and releases), of the open cluster survey, of the science results and potential, and of the survey legacy. A companion article reviews the overall survey motivation, strategy, Giraffe pipeline data reduction, organisation, and workflow. Methods. We made use of the information recorded and archived in the observing blocks; during the observing runs; in a number of relevant documents; in the spectra and master catalogue of spectra; in the parameters delivered by the analysis nodes and the working groups; in the final catalogue; and in the science papers. Based on these sources, we critically analyse and discuss the output and products of the Survey, including science highlights. We also determined the average metallicities of the open clusters observed as science targets and of a sample of clusters whose spectra were retrieved from the ESO archive. Results. The Gaia-ESO Survey has determined homogeneous good-quality radial velocities and stellar parameters for a large fraction of its more than 110 000 unique target stars. Elemental abundances were derived for up to 31 elements for targets observed with UVES. Lithium abundances are delivered for about 1/3 of the sample. The analysis and homogenisation strategies have proven to be successful; several science topics have been addressed by the Gaia-ESO consortium and the community, with many highlight results achieved. Conclusions. The final catalogue will be released through the ESO archive in the first half of 2022, including the complete set of advanced data products. In addition to these results, the Gaia-ESO Survey will leave a very important legacy, for several aspects and for many years to come. © ESO 2022.Ítem The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey: Motivation, implementation, GIRAFFE data processing, analysis, and final data products?(EDP Sciences, 2022-10-01) Gilmore, G.; Randich, S.; Worley, C.C.; Hourihane, A.; Gonneau, A.; Sacco, G.G.; Lewis, J.R.; Magrini, L.; François, P.; Jeffries, R.D.; Koposov, S.E.; Bragaglia, A.; Alfaro, E.J.; Allende Prieto, C.; Blomme, R.; Korn, A.J.; Lanzafame, A.C.; Pancino, E.; Recio Blanco, A.; Smiljanic, R.; Van Eck, S.; Zwitter, T.; Bensby, T.; Flaccomio, E.; Irwin, M.J.; Franciosini, E.; Morbidelli, L.; Damiani, F.; Bonito, R.; Friel, E.D.; Vink, J.S.; Prisinzano, L.; Abbas, U.; Hatzidimitriou, D.; Held, E.V.; Jordi, C.; Paunzen, E.; Spagna, A.; Jackson, R.J.; Maíz Apellániz, J.; Asplund, M.; Bonifacio, P.; Feltzing, S.; Binney, J.; Drew, J.; Ferguson, A.M.N.; Micela, G.; Negueruela, I.; Prusti, T.; Rix, H.-W.; Vallenari, A.; Bergemann, M.; Casey, A.R.; Laverny, P.; Frasca, A.; Hill, V.; Lind, K.; Sbordone, L.; Sousa, S.G.; Adibekyan, V.; Caffau, E.; Daflon, S.; Feuillet, D.K.; Gebran, M.; González Hernández, J.I.; Guiglion, G.; Herrero, A.; Lobel, A.; Merle, T.; Mikolaitis, S.; Montes, D.; Morel, T.; Ruchti, G.; Soubiran, C.; Tabernero, H.M.; Tautvaišiene, G.; Traven, G.; Valentini, M.; Van der Swaelmen, M.; Villanova, S.; Viscasillas Vázquez, C.; Bayo, A.; Biazzo, K.; Carraro, G.; Edvardsson, B.; Heiter, U.; Jofré, P.; Marconi, G.; Martayan, C.; Masseron, T.; Monaco, L.; Walton, N.A.; Zaggia, S.; Aguirre Børsen-Koch, V.; Alves, J.; Balaguer Núnez, L.; Barklem, P.S.; Barrado, D.; Bellazzini, M.; Berlanas, S.R.; Binks, A.S.; Bressan, A.; Capuzzo Dolcetta, R.; Casagrande, L.; Casamiquela, L.; Collins, R.S.; D’Orazi, V.; Dantas, M.L.L.; Debattista, V.P.; Delgado Mena, E.; Marcantonio, P. Di; Drazdauskas, A.; Evans, N.W.; Famaey, B.; Franchini, M.; Frémat, Y.; Fu, X.; Geisler, D.; Gerhard, O.; González Solares, E.A.; Grebel, E.K.; Albarrán Gutiérrez, M.L.; Jiménez Esteban, F.; Jönsson, H.; Khachaturyants, T.; Kordopatis, G.; Kos, J.; Lagarde, N.; Ludwig, H.-G.; Mahy, L.; Mapelli, M.; Marfil, E.; Martell, S.L.; Messina, S.; Miglio, A.; Minchev, I.; Moitinho, A.; Montalban, J.; Monteiro, M.J.P.F.G.; Morossi, C.; Mowlavi, N.; Mucciarelli, A.; Murphy, D.N.A.; Nardetto, N.; Ortolani, S.; Paletou, F.; Palous, J.; Pickering, J.C.; Quirrenbach, A.; Re Fiorentin, P.; Read, J.I.; Romano, D.; Ryde, N.; Sanna, N.; Santos, W.; Seabroke, G.M.; Spina, L.; Steinmetz, M.; Stonkuté, E.; Sutorius, E.; Thévenin, F.; Tosi, M.; Tsantaki, M.; Wright, N.; Wyse, R.F.G.; Zoccali, M.; Zorec, J.; Zucker, D.B.Context. The Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey is an ambitious project designed to obtain astrophysical parameters and elemental abundances for 100 000 stars, including large representative samples of the stellar populations in the Galaxy, and a well-defined sample of 60 (plus 20 archive) open clusters. We provide internally consistent results calibrated on benchmark stars and star clusters, extending across a very wide range of abundances and ages. This provides a legacy data set of intrinsic value, and equally a large wide-ranging dataset that is of value for the homogenisation of other and future stellar surveys and Gaia’s astrophysical parameters. Aims. This article provides an overview of the survey methodology, the scientific aims, and the implementation, including a description of the data processing for the GIRAFFE spectra. A companion paper introduces the survey results. Methods. Gaia-ESO aspires to quantify both random and systematic contributions to measurement uncertainties. Thus, all available spectroscopic analysis techniques are utilised, each spectrum being analysed by up to several different analysis pipelines, with considerable effort being made to homogenise and calibrate the resulting parameters. We describe here the sequence of activities up to delivery of processed data products to the ESO Science Archive Facility for open use. Results. The Gaia-ESO Survey obtained 202 000 spectra of 115 000 stars using 340 allocated VLT nights between December 2011 and January 2018 from GIRAFFE and UVES. Conclusions. The full consistently reduced final data set of spectra was released through the ESO Science Archive Facility in late 2020, with the full astrophysical parameters sets following in 2022. A companion article reviews the survey implementation, scientific highlights, the open cluster survey, and data products. © G. Gilmore et al. 2022.Ítem The Gaia-ESO Survey: revisiting the Li-rich giant problem(OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2016-07) Casey, A. R.; Ruchti, G.; Masseron, T.; Randich, S.; Gilmore, G.; Lind, K.; Kennedy, G. M.; Koposov, S. E.; Hourihane, A.; Franciosini, E.; Lewis, J. R.; Magrini, L.; Morbidelli, L.; Sacco, G. G.; Worley, C. C.; Feltzing, S.; Jeffries, R. D.; Vallenari, A.; Bensby, T.; Bragaglia, A.; Flaccomio, E.; Francois, P.; Korn, A. J.; Lanzafame, A.; Pancino, E.; Recio-Blanco, A.; Smiljanic, R.; Carraro, G.; Costado, M. T.; Damiani, F.; Donati, P.; Frasca, A.; Jofre, P.; Lardo, C.; de Laverny, P.; Monaco, L.; Prisinzano, L.; Sbordone, L.; Sousa, S. G.; Tautvaisien, G.; Zaggia, S.; Zwitter, T.; Delgado Mena, E.; Chorniy, Y.; Martell, S. L.; Silva Aguirre, V.; Miglio, A.; Chiappini, C.; Montalban, J.; Morel, T.; Valentini, M.The discovery of lithium-rich giants contradicts expectations from canonical stellar evolution. Here we report on the serendipitous discovery of 20 Li-rich giants observed during the Gaia-ESO Survey, which includes the first nine Li-rich giant stars known towards the CoRoT fields. Most of our Li-rich giants have near-solar metallicities and stellar parameters consistent with being before the luminosity bump. This is difficult to reconcile with deep mixing models proposed to explain lithium enrichment, because these models can only operate at later evolutionary stages: at or past the luminosity bump. In an effort to shed light on the Li-rich phenomenon, we highlight recent evidence of the tidal destruction of close-in hot Jupiters at the sub-giant phase. We note that when coupled with models of planet accretion, the observed destruction of hot Jupiters actually predicts the existence of Li-rich giant stars, and suggests that Li-rich stars should be found early on the giant branch and occur more frequently with increasing metallicity. A comprehensive review of all known Li-rich giant stars reveals that this scenario is consistent with the data. However, more evolved or metal-poor stars are less likely to host close-in giant planets, implying that their Li-rich origin requires an alternative explanation, likely related to mixing scenarios rather than external phenomena.Ítem The Gaia-ESO Survey: the most metal-poor stars in the galactic bulge(Oxford University Press, 2014-09) Howes, L.M.; Asplund, M.; Casey, A.R.; Keller, S.C.; Yong, D.; Gilmore, G.; Lind, K.; Worley, C.; Bessell, M.S.; Casagrande, L.; Marino, A.F.; Nataf, D.M.; Owen, C.I.; Da Costa, G.S.; Schmidt, B.P.; Tisserand, P.; Randich, S.; Feltzing, S.; Vallenari, A.; Allende Prieto, C.; Bensby, T.; Flaccomio, E.; Korn, A.J.; Pancino, E.; Recio-Blanco, A.; Smiljanic, R.; Bergemann, M.; Costado, M.T.; Damiani, F.; Heiter, U.; Hill, V.; Hourihane, A.; Jofré, P.; Lardo, C.; de Laverny, P.; Magrini, L.; Maiorca, E.; Masseron, T.; Morbidelli, L.; Sacco, G.G.; Minniti, D.; Zoccali, M.We present the first results of the EMBLA survey (Extremely Metal-poor BuLge stars with AAOmega), aimed at finding metal-poor stars in the Milky Way bulge, where the oldest stars should now preferentially reside. EMBLA utilizes SkyMapper photometry to pre-select metal-poor candidates, which are subsequently confirmed using AAOmega spectroscopy. We describe the discovery and analysis of four bulge giants with −2.72 ≤ [Fe/H] ≤ −2.48, the lowest metallicity bulge stars studied with high-resolution spectroscopy to date. Using FLAMES/UVES spectra through the Gaia-ESO Survey we have derived abundances of twelve elements. Given the uncertainties, we find a chemical similarity between these bulge stars and halo stars of the same metallicity, although the abundance scatter may be larger, with some of the stars showing unusual [α/Fe] ratios.