Examinando por Autor "Meza, A"
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Ítem Chemical trends in the Galactic halo from APOGEE data(OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2016-11) Fernandez-Alvar, E; Carigi, L; Prieto, CA; Hayden, MR; Beers, TC; Fernandez-Trincado, JG; Meza, A; Schultheis, M; Santiago, BX; Queiroz, AB; Anders, F; da Costa, LN; Chiappini, CThe galaxy formation process in the A cold dark matter scenario can be constrained from the analysis of stars in the Milky Way's halo system. We examine the variation of chemical abundances in distant halo stars observed by the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment ( APOGEE), as a function of distance from the Galactic Centre ( r) and iron abundance ([M/H]), in the range 5 less than or similar to r less than or similar to 30 kpc and - 2.5<[M/H] < 0.0. We perform a statistical analysis of the abundance ratios derived by the APOGEE pipeline ( ASPCAP) and distances calculated by several approaches. Our analysis reveals signatures of a different chemical enrichment between the inner and outer regions of the halo, with a transition at about 15 kpc. The derived metallicity distribution function exhibits two peaks, at [M/H]similar to -1.5 and similar to -2.1, consistent with previously reported halo metallicity distributions. We obtain a difference of similar to 0.1 dex for alpha- element-to-iron ratios for stars at r > 15 kpc and [M/H] > - 1.1 (larger in the case of O, Mg, and S) with respect to the nearest halo stars. This result confirms previous claims for low-alpha stars found at larger distances. Chemical differences in elements with other nucleosynthetic origins (Ni, K, Na, and Al) are also detected. C and N do not provide reliable information about the interstellar medium from which stars formed because our sample comprises red giant branch and asymptotic giant branch stars and can experience mixing of material to their surfaces.Ítem DISCOVERY OF A METAL-POOR FIELD GIANT WITH A GLOBULAR CLUSTER SECOND-GENERATION ABUNDANCE PATTERN(IOP PUBLISHING, 2016-12) Fernandez-Trincado, JG; Robin, AC; Moreno, E; Schiavon, RP; Perez, AEG; Vieira, K; Cunha, K; Zamora, O; Sneden, C; Souto, D; Carrera, R; Johnson, JA; Shetrone, M; Zasowski, G; Garcia-Hernandez, DA; Majewski, SR; Reyle, C; Blanco-Cuaresma, S; Martinez-Medina, LA; Perez-Villegas, A; Valenzuela, O; Pichardo, B; Meza, A; Meszaros, S; Sobeck, J; Geisler, D; Anders, F; Schultheis, M; Tang, B; Roman-Lopes, A; Mennickent, RE; Pan, K; Nitschelm, C; Allard, FWe report on the detection, from observations obtained with the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment spectroscopic survey, of a metal-poor ([Fe/H] = -1.3 dex) field giant star with an extreme Mg-Al abundance ratio ([Mg/Fe] = -0.31 dex; [Al/Fe] = 1.49 dex). Such low Mg/Al ratios are seen only among the second-generation population of globular clusters (GCs) and are not present among Galactic disk field stars. The light-element abundances of this star, 2M16011638-1201525, suggest that it could have been born in a GC. We explore several origin scenarios, studying the orbit of the star in particular to check the probability of its being kinematically related to known GCs. We performed simple orbital integrations assuming the estimated distance of 2M16011638-1201525 and the available six-dimensional phase-space coordinates of 63 GCs, looking for close encounters in the past with a minimum distance approach within the tidal radius of each cluster. We found a very low probability that 2M16011638-1201525 was ejected from most GCs; however, we note that the best progenitor candidate to host this star is GC omega Centauri (NGC 5139). Our dynamical investigation demonstrates that 2M16011638-1201525 reaches a distance vertical bar Z(max)vertical bar < 3 kpc from the Galactic plane and minimum and maximum approaches to the Galactic center of R-min < 0.62 kpc and R-max < 7.26 kpc in an eccentric (e similar to 0.53) and retrograde orbit. Since the extreme chemical anomaly of 2M16011638-1201525 has also been observed in halo field stars, this object could also be considered a halo contaminant, likely to have been ejected into the Milky Way disk from the halo. We conclude that 2M16011638-20152 is also kinematically consistent with the disk but chemically consistent with halo field stars.Ítem Redshift-space limits of bound structures(Oxford University Press, 2007-04-21) Dünner, R; Reisenegger, A; Meza, A; Araya, PA; Quintana, HAn exponentially expanding Universe, possibly governed by a cosmological constant, forces gravitationally bound structures to become more and more isolated, eventually becoming causally disconnected from each other and forming so-called 'island universes'. This new scenario reformulates the question about which will be the largest structures that will remain gravitationally bound, together with requiring a systematic tool that can be used to recognize the limits and mass of these structures from observational data, namely redshift surveys of galaxies. Here we present a method, based on the spherical collapse model and N-body simulations, by which we can estimate the limits of bound structures as observed in redshift space. The method is based on a theoretical criterion presented in a previous paper that determines the mean density contrast that a spherical shell must have in order to be marginally bound to the massive structure within it. Understanding the kinematics of the system, we translated the real-space limiting conditions of this 'critical' shell to redshift space, producing a projected velocity envelope that only depends on the density profile of the structure. From it we created a redshift-space version of the density contrast that we called 'density estimator', which can be calibrated from N-body simulations for a reasonable projected velocity envelope template, and used to estimate the limits and mass of a structure only from its redshift-space coordinates.Ítem Two groups of red giants with distinct chemical abundances in the bulge globular cluster NGC 6553 through the eyes of APOGEE(OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2017-02) Tang, B; Cohen, RE; Geisler, D; Schiavon, RP; Majewski, SR; Villanova, S; Carrera, R; Zamora, O; Garcia-Hernandez, DA; Shetrone, M; Frinchaboy, P; Meza, A; Fernandez-Trincado, JG; Munoz, RR; Lin, CC; Lane, RR; Nitschelm, C; Pan, K; Bizyaev, D; Oravetz, D; Simmons, AMultiple populations revealed in globular clusters (GCs) are important windows to the formation and evolution of these stellar systems. The metal-rich GCs in the Galactic bulge are an indispensable part of this picture, but the high optical extinction in this region has prevented extensive research. In this work, we use the high-resolution near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopic data from Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) to study the chemical abundances of NGC 6553, which is one of the most metal-rich bulge GCs. We identify 10 red giants as cluster members using their positions, radial velocities, iron abundances, and NIR photometry. Our sample stars show a mean radial velocity of -0.14 +/- 5.47 km s(-1), land a mean [Fe/H] of -0.15 +/- 0.05. We clearly separate two populations of stars in C and N in this GC for the first time. NGC 6553 is the most metal-rich GC where the multiple stellar population phenomenon is found until now. Substantial chemical variations are also found in Na, O, and Al. However, the two populations show similar Si, Ca, and iron-peak element abundances. Therefore, we infer that the CNO, NeNa, and MgAl cycles have been activated, but the MgAl cycle is too weak to show its effect on Mg. Type Ia and Type II supernovae do not seem to have significantly polluted the second generation stars. Comparing with other GC studies, NGC 6553 shows similar chemical variations as other relatively metal-rich GCs. We also confront current GC formation theories with our results, and suggest possible avenues for improvement in the models.