Examinando por Autor "Niklander, Sven"

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    Pitfalls in odontogenic lesions and tumours: a practical guide
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2020-12) Hunter, Keith D; Niklander, Sven
    Lesions arising from odontogenic tissues of the jaws vary from very common to very rare. Some, such as radicular cysts, form a routine part of the diagnostic workload for histopathologists who report specimens from the head and neck, but many other lesions are rarely seen and can cause significant diagnostic difficulty for the non-specialist. These issues are compounded by the vagaries of dental disease (and terminology used by dentists and oral surgeons) and issues in the interpretation of radiographic images, which can be crucial to making a correct diagnosis. In this review article, we will discuss a number of areas of diagnostic difficulty, largely based on the authors experience in receiving tertiary referrals. This will focus on practical advice to help avoid the pitfalls in the diagnosis of odontogenic lesions.
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    Relationship Between the Maxillary Sinus and Apices of Posterior-Superior Teeth Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography
    (Universidad de la Frontera, 2023-04) Rodríguez, Macarena; Richa, Roxana; Valenzuela, Juan Jose; Niklander, Sven
    Knowledge of the relationship between the maxillary sinus and the apices of the upper posterior teeth is crucial to avoid complications when considering different treatments. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out, with a convenience sample of 383 images of upper posterior teeth roots, obtained by means of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) from a radiological center in Viña del Mar, Chile. Each root was classified according to its vertical relationship with the sinus into 4 categories (0: apex is not in contact with the lower contour of the sinus; 1: apex is in contact with the sinus; 2: apex laterally to the sinus; 3: apex protrudes in sinus). In addition, its distance was measured in mm. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics. The tooth farthest from the maxillary sinus was the maxillary first premolar (4.2 mm), followed by the maxillary second premolar (1 mm). In the upper first molar, the most distant root was the mesiobuccal (MV) 1mm, followed by the distobuccal root (DV) 0.6mm and the palatal root (P)-1mm. In the upper second molar, the furthest root was P 0.4mm, then DV 0.3mm, and MV-0.11mm. In reference to the categories, it was observed that most of the roots are far from the sinus, with the P root of the first upper molar and the MV root of the second upper molar being the most protruding (42 % and 26 % respectively). The first premolar is the posterior maxillary tooth that is furthest from the maxillary sinus and as one advances posteriorly there is a tendency to decrease the distance between the apices and the maxillary sinus. © 2023, Universidad de la Frontera. All rights reserved.
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    Vascular endothelial growth factor: A translational view in oral non-communicable diseases
    (Biomolecules, 2021-01) Niklander, Sven; Bordagaray, María José; Fernández, Alejandra; Hernández, Marcela
    Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are vital regulators of angiogenesis that are expressed in response to soluble mediators, such as cytokines and growth factors. Their physio-logic functions include blood vessel formation, regulation of vascular permeability, stem cell and monocyte/macrophage recruitment and maintenance of bone homeostasis and repair. In addition, angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in chronic pathologic conditions, such as tumorigenesis, inflammatory immune diseases and bone loss. According to their prevalence, morbidity and mortality, inflammatory diseases affecting periodontal tissues and oral cancer are relevant non-communicable diseases. Whereas oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is considered one of the most common cancers worldwide, destructive inflammatory periodontal diseases, on the other hand, are amongst the most prevalent chronic inflammatory conditions affecting humans and also represent the main cause of tooth loss in adults. In the recent years, while knowledge regarding the role of VEGF signaling in common oral diseases is expanding, new potential translational applications emerge. In the present narrative review we aim to explore the role of VEGF signaling in oral cancer and destructive periodontal inflammatory diseases, with emphasis in its translational applications as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.