Examinando por Autor "Orellana, Walter"
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Ítem Cluster Assembled Silicon-Lithium Nanostructures: A Nanowire Confined Inside a Carbon Nanotube(Frontiers Media S.A., 2021-11) Orellana, Walter; Pino-Rios, Ricardo; Yañez, Osvaldo; Vásquez Espinal, Alejandro; Peccati, Francesca; Contreras García, Julia; Cardenas, Carlos; Tiznado, WilliamWe computationally explore an alternative to stabilize one-dimensional (1D) silicon-lithium nanowires (NWs). The Li12Si9 Zintl phase exhibits the NW (Formula presented.), combined with Y-shaped Si4 structures. Interestingly, this NW could be assembled from the stacking of the Li6Si5 aromatic cluster. The (Formula presented.) @CNT nanocomposite has been investigated with density functional theory (DFT), including molecular dynamics simulations and electronic structure calculations. We found that van der Waals interaction between Li’s and CNT’s walls is relevant for stabilizing this hybrid nanocomposite. This work suggests that nanostructured confinement (within CNTs) may be an alternative to stabilize this free NW, cleaning its properties regarding Li12Si9 solid phase, i.e., metallic character, concerning the perturbation provided by their environment in the Li12Si7 compound. Copyright © 2021 Orellana, Pino-Rios, Yañez, Vásquez-Espinal, Peccati, Contreras-García, Cardenas and Tiznado.Ítem Evidence of carbon-supported porphyrins pyrolyzed for the oxygen reduction reaction keeping integrity(Nature Research, 2022-12) Orellana, Walter; Zúñiga Loyola, César; Marco, José F.; Tasca, FedericoFe(III) 5,10,15,20-(tetraphenyl)porphyrin chloride (FeTPP) and Co(III) 5,10,15,20-(tetraphenyl)porphyrin chloride (CoTPP) were adsorbed on carbon Vulcan and studied as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) before and after pyrolysis. The pyrolysis process was also simulated through ab initio molecular dynamic simulations and the minimum energy path for the O2 dissociation after the interaction with the metal center of the FeTPP and CoTPP were calculated. After the pyrolysis the FeTPP showed the best performances reducing O2 completely to H2O with increased limiting current and lower overpotential. Tafel slops for the various catalysts did not change after the pyrolytic process suggesting that the mechanism for the ORR is not affected by the heat treatment. TEM images, X-ray diffraction, XPS spectroscopy, 57Fe Mössbauer, and DFT simulations, suggest that there is no breakdown of the macrocyclic complex at elevated temperatures, and that the macro cyclic geometry is preserved. Small variations in the Metal-O2 (M-O2) binding energies and the M–N bond length were observed which is attributed to the dispersive interaction between the macrocycles and the irregular surface of the Vulcan substrate induced by the heat treatment and causing better interaction with the O2 molecule. The theoretical strategy herein applied well simulate and explain the nature of the M–N–C active sites and the performances towards the ORR. © 2022, The Author(s).Ítem Influence of cyano substituents on the electron density and catalytic activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction for iron phthalocyanine. The case for Fe(II) 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octa(cyano)phthalocyanine(Elsevier Inc., 2020-09) Govan, Joseph; Abarca, Gabriel; Aliaga, Carolina; Sanhueza, Byran; Orellana, Walter; Cárdenas-Jirón, Gloria; Zagal, José H.; Tasca, FedericoIron(II) 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octa(cyano)phthalocyanine (OCNFePc), was tested as a catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) adsorbed on carbon nanotubes. The composite was analyzed spectroscopically and electrochemically characterized at pH 13 and pH 1. The composite showed close to 4 electron processes at pH 13. Computational analysis indicates that the O2 molecule binds end-on to the metal center and that the dioxygen molecule is dissociated on both the Fe metal center and the corral ring. An Analysis of the molecular electrostatic potential confirms the behavior of cyano residues as electron-withdrawing moieties in OCNFePc. As a result of its catalytic behavior and theoretical analysis of its O2 binding energy, OCNFePc was placed in a high position on a volcano correlation of similar phthalocyanine composites. © 2020 The AuthorsÍtem Noncovalent functionalization of carbon nanotubes and graphene with tetraphenylporphyrins: stability and optical properties from ab initio calculations(Journal of Materials Science, 2014-11) Orellana, Walter; Correa, Julián D.The stability, electronic, and optical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene non-covalently functionalized with free-base tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) molecules is addressed by density functional theory calculations. We study the TPP physisorption on 42 CNT species, particularly those with chiral indices (n,m), where interaction between TPP and the CNT surface, with binding energies ranging from 1.1 to 1.8 eV, where higher energies can be associated with increasing CNT diameters. We also find that the TPP optical absorptions would not be affected by the CNT diameter or chirality. Results for the TPP physisorption on graphene show a remarkable stability with binding energy of 3.2 eV, inducing a small redshift on the π-stacked TPP absorption bands. The strong graphene–TPP interaction also induces a charge transfer from TPP to graphene, indicating a n-type doping mechanism without compromising the graphene structure. © 2014, Springer Science+Business Media New York.Ítem Oxygen Reduction Reaction at Penta-Coordinated Co Phthalocyanines(Frontiers Media S.A., 2020-01-29) Viera, Marco; Riquelme, Jorge; Aliaga, Carolina; Marco, José F.; Orellana, Walter; Zagal, José H.; Tasca, FedericoFrom the early 60s, Co complexes, especially Co phthalocyanines (CoPc) have been extensively studied as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Generally, they promote the 2-electron reduction of O2 to give peroxide whereas the 4-electron reduction is preferred for fuel cell applications. Still, Co complexes are of interest because depending on the chemical environment of the Co metal centers either promote the 2-electron transfer process or the 4-electron transfer. In this study, we synthetized 3 different Co catalysts where Co is coordinated to 5 N atoms using CoN4 phthalocyanines with a pyridine axial linker anchored to carbon nanotubes. We tested complexes with electro-withdrawing or electro-donating residues on the N4 phthalocyanine ligand. The catalysts were characterized by EPR and XPS spectroscopy. Ab initio calculations, Koutecky–Levich extrapolation and Tafel plots confirm that the pyridine back ligand increases the Co-O2 binding energy, and therefore promotes the 4-electron reduction of O2. But the presence of electron withdrawing residues, in the plane of the tetra N atoms coordinating the Co, does not further increase the activity of the compounds because of pull-push electronic effects.Ítem Planar Elongated B12 Structure in M3B12 Clusters (M = Cu-Au)(MDPI, 2023-01) Solar-Encinas, José; Vásquez-Espinal, Alejandro; Leyva-Parra, Luis; Yañez, Osvaldo; Inostroza, Diego; Valenzuela, Maria Luisa; Orellana, Walter; Tiznado, WilliamHere, it is shown that the M3B12 (M = Cu-Au) clusters’ global minima consist of an elongated planar B12 fragment connected by an in-plane linear M3 fragment. This result is striking since this B12 planar structure is not favored in the bare cluster, nor when one or two metals are added. The minimum energy structures were revealed by screening the potential energy surface using genetic algorithms and density functional theory calculations. Chemical bonding analysis shows that the strong electrostatic interactions with the metal compensate for the high energy spent in the M3 and B12 fragment distortion. Furthermore, metals participate in the delocalized π-bonds, which infers an aromatic character to these species. © 2022 by the authors.Ítem Self-compensation in chlorine-doped CdTe(Nature Publishing Group, 2019-12) Orellana, Walter; Menéndez-Proupin, Eduardo; Flores, Mauricio A.Defect energetics, charge transition levels, and electronic band structures of several Cl-related complexes in CdTe are studied using density-functional theory calculations. We investigate substitutional chlorine (ClTe and ClCd) and complexes formed by ClTe with the cadmium vacancy (ClTe-VCd and 2ClTe-VCd) and the TeCd antisite (ClTe-TeCd). Our calculations show that none of the complexes studied induce deep levels in the CdTe band gap. Moreover, we find that ClTe-VCd and ClTe are the most stable Cl-related centers in n-type and p-type CdTe, under Te-rich growth conditions, showing shallow donor and acceptor properties, respectively. This result suggests that the experimentally-observed Fermi level pinning near midgap would be originated in self-compensation. We also find that the formation of the ClTe-TeCd complex passivates the deep level associated to the Te antisite in neutral charge state. © 2019, The Author(s).Ítem Self-compensation in chlorine-doped CdTe(2019-12) Orellana, Walter; Menéndez-Proupin, Eduardo; Flores, Mauricio ADefect energetics, charge transition levels, and electronic band structures of several Cl-related complexes in CdTe are studied using density-functional theory calculations. We investigate substitutional chlorine (ClTe and ClCd) and complexes formed by ClTe with the cadmium vacancy (ClTe-VCd and 2ClTe-VCd) and the TeCd antisite (ClTe-TeCd). Our calculations show that none of the complexes studied induce deep levels in the CdTe band gap. Moreover, we find that ClTe-VCd and ClTe are the most stable Cl-related centers in n-type and p-type CdTe, under Te-rich growth conditions, showing shallow donor and acceptor properties, respectively. This result suggests that the experimentally-observed Fermi level pinning near midgap would be originated in self-compensation. We also find that the formation of the ClTe-TeCd complex passivates the deep level associated to the Te antisite in neutral charge state. © 2019, The Author(s).Ítem Single- and double-wall carbon nanotubes fully covered with tetraphenylporphyrins: Stability and optoelectronic properties from ab initio calculations(Elsevier, 2015-06) Orellana, WalterThe optoelectronic properties of single- and double-wall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) noncovalently functionalized with tetraphenylporphyrins (TPPs) are addressed by dispersion-corrected ab initio calculations. Five CNT species with different chiralities were considered. We find that the most stable configurations are those where the CNTs are fully covered by TPPs, exhibiting binding energy of about 2 eV/TPP. The semiconducting CNT-TPP compounds show optical response characterized by a strong absorption associated to the TPP bands, with increasing intensity with the TPP concentration. In addition, molecular dynamic simulations show that the compounds would be stable at temperatures as high as 100°C. © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.