Examinando por Autor "Retamal, Jaime"
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Ítem A machine-learning regional clustering approach to understand ventilator-induced lung injury: a proof-of-concept experimental study(Springer Nature, 2024-12) Cruces, Pablo; Retamal, Jaime; Damián, Andrés; Lago, Graciela; Blasina, Fernanda; Oviedo, Vanessa; Medina, Tania; Pérez, Agustín; Vaamonde, Lucía; Dapueto, Rosina; González-Dambrauskas, Sebastian; Serra, AlbertoBackground: The spatiotemporal progression and patterns of tissue deformation in ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) remain understudied. Our aim was to identify lung clusters based on their regional mechanical behavior over space and time in lungs subjected to VILI using machine-learning techniques. Results: Ten anesthetized pigs (27 ± 2 kg) were studied. Eight subjects were analyzed. End-inspiratory and end-expiratory lung computed tomography scans were performed at the beginning and after 12 h of one-hit VILI model. Regional image-based biomechanical analysis was used to determine end-expiratory aeration, tidal recruitment, and volumetric strain for both early and late stages. Clustering analysis was performed using principal component analysis and K-Means algorithms. We identified three different clusters of lung tissue: Stable, Recruitable Unstable, and Non-Recruitable Unstable. End-expiratory aeration, tidal recruitment, and volumetric strain were significantly different between clusters at early stage. At late stage, we found a step loss of end-expiratory aeration among clusters, lowest in Stable, followed by Unstable Recruitable, and highest in the Unstable Non-Recruitable cluster. Volumetric strain remaining unchanged in the Stable cluster, with slight increases in the Recruitable cluster, and strong reduction in the Unstable Non-Recruitable cluster. Conclusions: VILI is a regional and dynamic phenomenon. Using unbiased machine-learning techniques we can identify the coexistence of three functional lung tissue compartments with different spatiotemporal regional biomechanical behavior. © The Author(s) 2024.Ítem A physiological approach to understand the role of respiratory effort in the progression of lung injury in SARS-CoV-2 infection(BioMed Central Ltd, 2020-08) Cruces, Pablo; Retamal, Jaime; Hurtado, Daniel E.; Erranz, Benjamín; Iturrieta, Pablo; González, Carlos; Díaz, FrancoDeterioration of lung function during the first week of COVID-19 has been observed when patients remain with insufficient respiratory support. Patient self-inflicted lung injury (P-SILI) is theorized as the responsible, but there is not robust experimental and clinical data to support it. Given the limited understanding of P-SILI, we describe the physiological basis of P-SILI and we show experimental data to comprehend the role of regional strain and heterogeneity in lung injury due to increased work of breathing. In addition, we discuss the current approach to respiratory support for COVID-19 under this point of view. © 2020 The Author(s).Ítem Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation improves survival in a novel 24-hour pig model of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome(E-CENTURY PUBLISHING CORP, 2016-06) Araos, Joaquín; Alegría, Leyla; García, Patricio; Damiani, Felipe; Tapia, Pablo; Soto, Dagoberto; Salomon, Tatiana; Rodriguez, Felipe; Amthauer, Macarena; Erranz, Benjamín; Castro, Gabriel; Carreño, Pamela; Medina, Tania; Retamal, Jaime; Cruces, Pablo; Bugedo, Guillermo; Bruhn, AlejandroExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is increasingly being used to treat severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, there is limited clinical evidence about how to optimize the technique. Experimental research can provide an alternative to fill the actual knowledge gap. The purpose of the present study was to develop and validate an animal model of acute lung injury (ALI) which resembled severe ARDS, and which could be successfully supported with ECMO. Eighteen pigs were randomly allocated into three groups: sham, ALI, and ALI + ECMO. ALI was induced by a double-hit consisting in repeated saline lavage followed by a 2-hour period of injurious ventilation. All animals were followed up to 24 hours while being ventilated with conventional ventilation (tidal volume 10 ml/kg). The lung injury model resulted in severe hypoxemia, increased airway pressures, pulmonary hypertension, and altered alveolar membrane barrier function, as indicated by an increased protein concentration in bronchoalveolar fluid, and increased wet/dry lung weight ratio. Histologic examination revealed severe diffuse alveolar damage, characteristic of ARDS. Veno-venous ECMO was started at the end of lung injury induction with a flow > 60 ml/kg/min resulting in rapid reversal of hypoxemia and pulmonary hypertension. Mortality was 0, 66.6 and 16.6% in the SHAM, ALI and ALI + ECMO groups, respectively (p < 0.05). This is a novel clinically relevant animal model that can be used to optimize the approach to ECMO and foster translational research in extracorporeal lung support.