Examinando por Autor "Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Fernando"
Mostrando 1 - 5 de 5
Resultados por página
Opciones de ordenación
Ítem Cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, sedentary time and its association with the atherogenic index of plasma in chilean adults: Influence of the waist circumference to height ratio(MDPI, 2020-04) Reyes-Ferrada, Waleska; Solis-Urra, Patricio; Plaza-Díaz, Julio; Sadarangani, Kabir P.; Ferrari, Gerson Luis de Moraes; Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Fernando; Cristi-Montero, CarlosAtherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a novel biomarker related to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and physical activity (PA) have an inverse relationship with the AIP, while sedentary time (ST) and fatness present a positive association. This study aimed to determine the combined and independent association of CRF, PA, and ST with the AIP, and additionally to establish the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) mediation role. Data from the Chilean national health survey were used (4671 adults). A PACS (Physical Activity Cardiorespiratory Sedentary) score was created ranging from 0 to 3, indicating the number of positive recommendations met (PA, ST, and CRF). AIP was calculated (Log10 triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol). The combined analysis showed that compared to those with a PACS score of 0, those with a score of 1 or 2 did not present significantly reduced AIP values (adjusted by the WHtR); however, those with a score of 3 did (OR (odds ratio) = 0.50; 95% CI, 0.32 to 0.77; p < 0.001). Independent analysis showed that CRF seems to be the only variable that supports the combined result (β = −0.212; p < 0.001). Finally, the mediation analysis indicated that the WHtR mediated the association between CRF and the AIP in 34.2% of cases. Overall, only CRF had a significant and inverse association with the AIP. Nonetheless, around one-third of this beneficial relationship is affected by an elevated WHtR. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Ítem Effects of two physical training programs on the cognitive status of a group of older adults in chile(MDPI, 2021) Quezada, Humberto Castillo; Martínez-Salazar, Cristian; Fuentealba-Urra, Sergio; Hernández-Mosqueira, Claudio; Garcés, Nelson Araneda; Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Fernando; Concha-Cisternas, Yeny; Molina-Sotomayor, EdgardoIntroduction: The effect of two physical training methods on older adults should be in-vestigated in greater depth and its results shared with the community. Objective: To determine the effects of two types of physical training on the functional features associated with the cognitive state and the effect on a physiological mediator of growth hormone (IGF-1) in older women. Material and Methods: Quasi-experimental study that included 12 weeks of training in two groups divided into resistance and aerobic training. The study included a population of 113 women aged 69.39 ± 6.48 years from Talcahuano, Chile. All participants were randomly assigned to either group. The MINIMENTAL test was used to examine the executive functions of cognitive state and blood con-centration of IGF-1, which was also used to examine neurotrophic factors. For the assessment of physical condition, an indirect test was used for the maximum mass displaced in one repetition (1RM) by the limbs and the TM6 test to estimate maximal oxygen consumption. Results: Significant differences between the groups with respect to the total score obtained in the MINIMENTAL test (EG1 = 28.13 ± 2.26; EG2 = 28.57 ± 1.83 and CG = 23.47 ± 2.80; ANOVA; p = 0.000) were observed. A post hoc analysis revealed no significant differences when examining executive functions individually between groups (Bonferroni; p > 0.05). An increase in the neurotrophic factor IGF-1 was also recorded in the training groups (EG1 p = 0.014 and EG2 p = 0.005). The pre-and post-test showed large differences in magnitude in the resistance training group (ES = 0.9; 20.41% change). Conclu-sion: Both workouts produce an overall improvement in the functions associated with cognitive status and increase blood concentrations of IGF-1 in older adults. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Ítem Insights into the impact of microbiota in the treatment of nafld/nash and its potential as a biomarker for prognosis and diagnosis(22279059, 2021-02) Plaza-Díaz, Julio; Solis-Urra, Patricio; Aragón-Vela, Jerónimo; Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Fernando; Olivares-Arancibia, Jorge; Álvarez-Mercado, I.Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasing cause of chronic liver illness associated with obesity and metabolic disorders, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, or type 2 diabetes mellitus. A more severe type of NAFLD, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), is considered an ongoing global health threat and dramatically increases the risks of cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Several reports have demonstrated that liver steatosis is associated with the elevation of certain clinical and biochemical markers but with low predictive potential. In addition, current imaging methods are inaccurate and inadequate for quantification of liver steatosis and do not distinguish clearly between the microvesicular and the macrovesicular types. On the other hand, an unhealthy status usually presents an altered gut microbiota, associated with the loss of its functions. Indeed, NAFLD pathophysiology has been linked to lower microbial diversity and a weakened intestinal barrier, exposing the host to bacterial components and stimulating pathways of immune defense and inflammation via toll-like receptor signaling. Moreover, this activation of inflammation in hepatocytes induces progression from simple steatosis to NASH. In the present review, we aim to: (a) summarize studies on both human and animals addressed to determine the impact of alterations in gut microbiota in NASH; (b) evaluate the potential role of such alterations as biomarkers for prognosis and diagnosis of this disorder; and (c) discuss the involvement of microbiota in the current treatment for NAFLD/NASH (i.e., bariatric surgery, physical exercise and lifestyle, diet, probiotics and prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation). © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Ítem Study protocol and rationale of the "cogni-action project" a cross-sectional and randomized controlled trial about physical activity, brain health, cognition, and educational achievement in schoolchildren(BioMed Central Ltd, 2019-07-26) Solis-Urra, Patricio; Olivares-Arancibia, Jorge; Suarez-Cadenas, Ernesto; Sanchez-Martinez, Javier; Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Fernando; Ortega, Francisco B.; Esteban-Cornejo, Irene; Cadenas-Sanchez, Cristina; Castro-Piñero, Jose; Veloz, Alejandro; Chabert, Steren; Saradangani, Kabir P.; Zavala-Crichton, Juan Pablo; Migueles, Jairo H.; Mora-Gonzalez, Jose; Quiroz-Escobar, Milton; Almonte-Espinoza, Diego; Urzúa, Alfonso; Dragicevic, Constantino D.; Astudillo, Aland; Méndez-Gassibe, Eduardo; Riquelme-Uribe, Daniel; Azagra, Marcela Jarpa; Cristi-Montero, CarlosBackground: Education and health are crucial topics for public policies as both largely determine the future wellbeing of the society. Currently, several studies recognize that physical activity (PA) benefits brain health in children. However, most of these studies have not been carried out in developing countries or lack the transference into the education field. The Cogni-Action Project is divided into two stages, a cross-sectional study and a crossover-randomized trial. The aim of the first part is to establish the associations of PA, sedentarism, and physical fitness with brain structure and function, cognitive performance and academic achievement in Chilean schoolchildren (10-13 years-old). The aim of the second part is to determinate the acute effects of three PA protocols on neuroelectric indices during a working memory and a reading task. Methods: PA and sedentarism will be self-reported and objectively-assessed with accelerometers in a representative subsample, whilst physical fitness will be evaluated through the ALPHA fitness test battery. Brain structure and function will be assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a randomized subsample. Cognitive performance will be assessed through the NeuroCognitive Performance Test, and academic achievement by school grades. In the second part 32 adolescents (12-13 year-old) will be cross-over randomized to these condition (i) "Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training" (MICT), (ii) "Cooperative High-Intensity Interval Training" (C-HIIT), and (iii) Sedentary condition. Neuroelectric indices will be measures by electroencephalogram (EEG) and eye-tracking, working memory by n-back task and reading comprehension by a reading task. Discussion: The main strength of this project is that, to our knowledge, this is the first study analysing the potential association of PA, sedentarism, and physical fitness on brain structure and function, cognitive performance, and academic achievement in a developing country, which presents an important sociocultural gap. For this purpose, this project will use advanced technologies in neuroimaging (MRI), electrophysiology (EEG), and eye-tracking, as well as objective and quality measurements of several physical and cognitive health outcomes. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03894241 Date of register: March 28, 2019. Retrospectively Registered. © 2019 The Author(s).Ítem The mediation effect of self–report physical activity patterns in the relationship between educational level and cognitive impairment in elderly: A cross-sectional analysis of chilean health national survey 2016–2017(MDPI, 2020-04) Solis-Urra, Patricio; Plaza-Diaz, Julio; Álvarez-Mercado, Ana Isabel; Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Fernando; Cristi-Montero, Carlos; Zavala-Crichton, Juan Pablo; Olivares-Arancibia, Jorge; Sanchez-Martinez, Javier; Abadía-Molina, FranciscoThe aims of this cross-sectional study were (i) to determine the association of educational level attained with cognitive impairment and (ii) to investigate the mediating effect of different self-report physical activity (PA) patterns in a large sample of older Chileans. A sample of 1571 older adults from the National Chilean Survey (2016–2017) was included. The educational level attained, PA levels, mode of commuting, sedentary time, and leisure-time PA were self-reported through validated questionnaires. Cognitive impairment was determined by Mini-Mental State Examination (modified version). Association between educational level attained and cognitive impairment was examined using logistic regression models. Counterfactual mediation models were used to test the mediating effect of self-reported PA patterns. A lower educational level was consistently associated with higher odds of cognitive impairment (OR range 2.846 to 2.266, all p < 0.001), while leisure-time PA was the only PA pattern that partially mediated this association (proportion mediated 8.0%). In conclusion, leisure-time PA was the solely PA pattern that partially mediated the association between the educational level and cognitive impairment. The rest self-reported PA patterns did not modify this association. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.