Examinando por Autor "Sanchez-Martinez, Javier"

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    Morphological characteristics of street workout practitioners
    (Grupo Aula Medica S.A., 2017) Sanchez-Martinez, Javier; Plaza, Paula; Araneda, Alberto; Sánchez, Patricio; Almagiâ, Atilio
    Introduction: The determination of the morphological characteristics of the most popular sports has allowed the evaluation and comparison between athletes, which has helped to improve their performance. The Street Workout is an emerging sport based on calisthenics, which recently has become popular. Despite its popularization, neither the morphologic profile nor the morphologic characteristics of Street Workout athletes has been determined. Objective: Determine the profile and morphological characteristics of Street-Workout athletes, through anthropometry. Material and methods: Fourteen athletes (22.7 ± 3.26 years) were recruited from the National Calisthenics Tournament 2015 in Chile. The athletes were evaluated following the protocol of the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry to determine the somatotype, body composition, as well as indices of body composition such as body mass index, waist to hip ratio, waist to height ratio, fat/muscle mass and muscle/bone mass indexes. Results: Street Workout practitioners presented a balanced-mesomorphic somatotype, a low fat mass and a high muscular development, with upper arms and trunk predominance. Regarding body composition indices, the values obtained allow us to classify them as a low-risk population of chronic non-communicable diseases. Conclusion: The present study sets a first antecedent of the morphological characteristics of Street Workout, determining that the Street Workout athletes presented balanced-mesomorphic somatotype and were classified as a healthy and athletic sample by their body composition indexes. © 2017, Grupo Aula Medica S.A. All rights reserved.
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    Study protocol and rationale of the "cogni-action project" a cross-sectional and randomized controlled trial about physical activity, brain health, cognition, and educational achievement in schoolchildren
    (BioMed Central Ltd, 2019-07-26) Solis-Urra, Patricio; Olivares-Arancibia, Jorge; Suarez-Cadenas, Ernesto; Sanchez-Martinez, Javier; Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Fernando; Ortega, Francisco B.; Esteban-Cornejo, Irene; Cadenas-Sanchez, Cristina; Castro-Piñero, Jose; Veloz, Alejandro; Chabert, Steren; Saradangani, Kabir P.; Zavala-Crichton, Juan Pablo; Migueles, Jairo H.; Mora-Gonzalez, Jose; Quiroz-Escobar, Milton; Almonte-Espinoza, Diego; Urzúa, Alfonso; Dragicevic, Constantino D.; Astudillo, Aland; Méndez-Gassibe, Eduardo; Riquelme-Uribe, Daniel; Azagra, Marcela Jarpa; Cristi-Montero, Carlos
    Background: Education and health are crucial topics for public policies as both largely determine the future wellbeing of the society. Currently, several studies recognize that physical activity (PA) benefits brain health in children. However, most of these studies have not been carried out in developing countries or lack the transference into the education field. The Cogni-Action Project is divided into two stages, a cross-sectional study and a crossover-randomized trial. The aim of the first part is to establish the associations of PA, sedentarism, and physical fitness with brain structure and function, cognitive performance and academic achievement in Chilean schoolchildren (10-13 years-old). The aim of the second part is to determinate the acute effects of three PA protocols on neuroelectric indices during a working memory and a reading task. Methods: PA and sedentarism will be self-reported and objectively-assessed with accelerometers in a representative subsample, whilst physical fitness will be evaluated through the ALPHA fitness test battery. Brain structure and function will be assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a randomized subsample. Cognitive performance will be assessed through the NeuroCognitive Performance Test, and academic achievement by school grades. In the second part 32 adolescents (12-13 year-old) will be cross-over randomized to these condition (i) "Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training" (MICT), (ii) "Cooperative High-Intensity Interval Training" (C-HIIT), and (iii) Sedentary condition. Neuroelectric indices will be measures by electroencephalogram (EEG) and eye-tracking, working memory by n-back task and reading comprehension by a reading task. Discussion: The main strength of this project is that, to our knowledge, this is the first study analysing the potential association of PA, sedentarism, and physical fitness on brain structure and function, cognitive performance, and academic achievement in a developing country, which presents an important sociocultural gap. For this purpose, this project will use advanced technologies in neuroimaging (MRI), electrophysiology (EEG), and eye-tracking, as well as objective and quality measurements of several physical and cognitive health outcomes. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03894241 Date of register: March 28, 2019. Retrospectively Registered. © 2019 The Author(s).
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    Ítem
    The mediation effect of self–report physical activity patterns in the relationship between educational level and cognitive impairment in elderly: A cross-sectional analysis of chilean health national survey 2016–2017
    (MDPI, 2020-04) Solis-Urra, Patricio; Plaza-Diaz, Julio; Álvarez-Mercado, Ana Isabel; Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Fernando; Cristi-Montero, Carlos; Zavala-Crichton, Juan Pablo; Olivares-Arancibia, Jorge; Sanchez-Martinez, Javier; Abadía-Molina, Francisco
    The aims of this cross-sectional study were (i) to determine the association of educational level attained with cognitive impairment and (ii) to investigate the mediating effect of different self-report physical activity (PA) patterns in a large sample of older Chileans. A sample of 1571 older adults from the National Chilean Survey (2016–2017) was included. The educational level attained, PA levels, mode of commuting, sedentary time, and leisure-time PA were self-reported through validated questionnaires. Cognitive impairment was determined by Mini-Mental State Examination (modified version). Association between educational level attained and cognitive impairment was examined using logistic regression models. Counterfactual mediation models were used to test the mediating effect of self-reported PA patterns. A lower educational level was consistently associated with higher odds of cognitive impairment (OR range 2.846 to 2.266, all p < 0.001), while leisure-time PA was the only PA pattern that partially mediated this association (proportion mediated 8.0%). In conclusion, leisure-time PA was the solely PA pattern that partially mediated the association between the educational level and cognitive impairment. The rest self-reported PA patterns did not modify this association. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.