Examinando por Autor "Suntzeff, Nicholas B."
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Ítem Characterizing the v-band light-curves of hydrogen-rich type ii supernovae(Institute of Physics Publishing, 2014-05) Anderson, Joseph P.; González-Gaitán, Santiago; Hamuy, Mario; Gutiérrez, Claudia P.; Stritzinger, Maximilian D.; Olivares E., Felipe; Phillips, Mark M.; Schulze, Steve; Antezana, Roberto; Bolt, Luis; Campillay, Abdo; Castellón, Sergio; Contreras, Carlos; De Jaeger, Thomas; Folatelli, Gastón; Förster, Francisco; Freedman, Wendy L.; González, Luis; Hsiao, Eric; Krzemiński, Wojtek; Krisciunas, Kevin; Maza, José; McCarthy, Patrick; Morrell, Nidia I.; Persson, Sven E.; Roth, Miguel; Salgado, Francisco; Suntzeff, Nicholas B.; Thomas-Osip, JoannaWe present an analysis of the diversity of V-band light-curves of hydrogen-rich type II supernovae. Analyzing a sample of 116 supernovae, several magnitude measurements are defined, together with decline rates at different epochs, and time durations of different phases. It is found that magnitudes measured at maximum light correlate more strongly with decline rates than those measured at other epochs: brighter supernovae at maximum generally have faster declining light-curves at all epochs. We find a relation between the decline rate during the “plateau” phase and peak magnitudes, which has a dispersion of 0.56 mag, offering the prospect of using type II supernovae as purely photometric distance indicators. Our analysis suggests that the type II population spans a continuum from low-luminosity events which have flat light-curves during the “plateau” stage, through to the brightest events which decline much faster. A large range in optically thick phase durations is observed, implying a range in progenitor envelope masses at the epoch of explosion. During the radioactive tails, we find many supernovae with faster declining light-curves than expected from full trapping of radioactive emission, implying low mass ejecta. It is suggested that the main driver of light-curve diversity is the extent of hydrogen envelopes retained before explosion. Finally, a new classification scheme is introduced where hydrogen-rich events are typed as simply “SN II” with an “s2” value giving the decline rate during the “plateau” phase, indicating its morphological type.Ítem Persistent C II absorption in the normal type Ia supernova 2002fk(Institute of Physics Publishing, 2014-07) Cartier, Régis; Hamuy, Mario; Pignata, Giuliano; Förster, Francisco; Förster, Francisco; Folatelli, Gaston; Phillips, Mark M.; Morrell, Nidia; Krisciunas, Kevin; Suntzeff, Nicholas B.; Clocchiatti, Alejandro; Coppi, Paolo; Contreras, Carlos; Roth, Miguel; Koviak, Kathleen; Koviak, Kathleen; González, Luis; González, Sergio; Huerta, LeonorWe present well-sampled UBVRIJHK photometry of SN 2002fk starting 12 days before maximum light through 122 days after peak brightness, along with a series of 15 optical spectra from −4 to +95 days since maximum. Our observations show the presence of C ii lines in the early-time spectra of SN 2002fk, expanding at 11,000 km s−1 and persisting until 8 days past maximum light with a velocity of ∼9000 km s−1. SN 2002fk is characterized by a small velocity gradient of v˙Si ii = 26 km s−1 day−1, possibly caused by an off-center explosion with the ignition region oriented toward the observer. The connection between the viewing angle of an off-center explosion and the presence of C ii in the early-time spectrum suggests that the observation of Cii could be also due to a viewing angle effect. Adopting the Cepheid distance to NGC 1309 we provide the first H0 value based on near infrared (near-IR) measurements of a Type Ia supernova (SN) between 63.0 ± 0.8 (±3.4 systematic) and 66.7 ± 1.0 (±3.5 systematic) km s−1 Mpc−1, depending on the absolute magnitude/decline rate relationship adopted. It appears that the near-IR yields somewhat lower (6%–9%) H0 values than the optical. It is essential to further examine this issue by (1) expanding the sample of high-quality near-IR light curves of SNe in the Hubble flow, and (2) increasing the number of nearby SNe with near-IR SN light curves and precise Cepheid distances, which affords the promise to deliver a more precise determination of H0.Ítem The standardized candle method for typeii plateau supernovae(Institute of Physics Publishing, 2010) Olivares E., Felipe; Hamuy, Mario; Pignata, Giuliano; Maza, José; Bersten, Melina; Phillips, Mark M.; Suntzeff, Nicholas B.; Filippenko, Alexei V.; Morrel, Nidia I.; Kirshner, Robert P.; Matheson, ThomasIn this paper, we study the "standardized candle method" using a sample of 37 nearby (redshift z < 0.06) TypeII plateau supernovae having BVRI photometry and optical spectroscopy. An analytic procedure is implemented to fit light curves, color curves, and velocity curves. We find that the V-I color toward the end of the plateau can be used to estimate the host-galaxy reddening with a precision of σ(AV ) = 0.2 mag. The correlation between plateau luminosity and expansion velocity previously reported in the literature is recovered. Using this relation and assuming a standard reddening law (R V = 3.1), we obtain Hubble diagrams (HDs) in the BVI bands with dispersions of ∼ 0.4 mag. Allowing RV to vary and minimizing the spread in the HDs, we obtain a dispersion range of 0.25-0.30 mag, which implies that these objects can deliver relative distances with precisions of 12%-14%. The resulting best-fit value of RV is 1.4 ± 0.1. © 2010. The American Astronomical Society.