Examinando por Autor "Thomas-Lange, Jeffrey"

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    Experiences and perceptions on sexuality, risk and STI/HIV prevention campaigns by university students. Designing a digital intervention
    (Ciencia e Saude Coletiva, 2022) Duarte-Anselmi, Giuliano; Leiva-Pinto, Eduardo; Vanegas-López, Jairo; Thomas-Lange, Jeffrey
    This study reports on the qualitative phase of a study that seeks to design a digital intervention for the prevention of STI / HIV and promotion of sexual health in university students. The experience and perception that university students have about sexuality, risk and prevention campaigns are addressed through focus groups. Semi-structured interviews are conducted with key informants. The results reveal that sexual education is limited and restricted to the biological aspect, as well as loaded with prejudices and gender biases, which narrows the information provided to the student population. Wavering prevention strategies that fail to motivate students or offer them opportunities for making informed and independent decisions about their sexual health are apparent. The STI / HIV campaigns assessed are distant, fear-based and not inclusive. Interventions in sexual health do not weigh experiential aspects of youth sexuality, as they are based on models of ideal and stereotyped behavior, discarding first-person narratives and their rich complexity. It is imperative to innovate in the prevention of STI/HIV, formulating interventions based on an integrative, multidisciplinary and contextualized design that values the theory and experience of the target populations.
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    Ítem
    Non-communicable diseases mortality rate and prevalence of high BMI by income and income inequality across countries: Associations and methodological considerations, an ecological analysis
    (European Publishing, 2024-03-06) Thomas-Lange, Jeffrey; Urra-Miguieles, Diego
    INTRODUCTION Today, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent the highest morbidity and mortality burden worldwide, with high body mass index (BMI) as one of the main risk factors. NCDs mortality rate and prevalence of high BMI have a clear relationship with wealth but not with other economic indicators such as income inequality. There are well-known theories in dispute – social integration and neo-material – trying to reveal this relationship. METHODS In this ecological study, utilizing open datasets from World Bank (WB) and Global Health Observatory, we explore the associations between countries’ economic indicators (income and income inequality) and relevant health outcomes (NCDs mortality rate and prevalence of high BMI) using bivariate correlations. To investigate the impact of inequality on health among similar-wealth nations, countries were grouped by the WB’s income classification method. RESULTS Multiple correlation analyses were conducted, revealing significant associations between the health variables and economic indicators, but more robust with income than inequality. Specifically, high BMI was positively correlated with income (r=0.46, p<0.05) and negatively correlated with inequality (r= -0.17, p<0.05). NCDs mortality rate showed a negative correlation with income (r= -0.54, p<0.05) and a positive correlation with inequality (r=0.20, p<0.05). At the income level groups, most associations were no longer observable, remaining a few in the higher income groups without a clear pattern. CONCLUSIONS Globally, while income inequality may be related to worse health outcomes, this association is significant only once poverty has been largely overcome, compatible with both theories in dispute. Whether these associations observed at a general level are maintained at the grouped level will depend on the health outcomes studied, the construction of the wealth indicator, and the methodological limitations of country-income grouped analysis. These characteristics, typical of ecological studies on health inequity, could explain the literature’s mixed results in this regard.
  • No hay miniatura disponible
    Ítem
    Non-communicable diseases mortality rate and prevalence of high BMI by income and income inequality across countries: Associations and methodological considerations, an ecological analysis
    (European Publishing, 2024-03) Thomas-Lange, Jeffrey; Urra-Miguieles, Diego
    Introduction: Today, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent the highest morbidity and mortality burden worldwide, with high body mass index (BMI) as one of the main risk factors. NCDs mortality rate and prevalence of high BMI have a clear relationship with wealth but not with other economic indicators such as income inequality. There are well-known theories in dispute – social integration and neomaterial – trying to reveal this relationship. Methods: In this ecological study, utilizing open datasets from World Bank (WB) and Global Health Observatory, we explore the associations between countries’ economic indicators (income and income inequality) and relevant health outcomes (NCDs mortality rate and prevalence of high BMI) using bivariate correlations. To investigate the impact of inequality on health among similar-wealth nations, countries were grouped by the WB’s income classification method. Results: Multiple correlation analyses were conducted, revealing significant associations between the health variables and economic indicators, but more robust with income than inequality. Specifically, high BMI was positively correlated with income (r=0.46, p<0.05) and negatively correlated with inequality (r= -0.17, p<0.05). NCDs mortality rate showed a negative correlation with income (r= -0.54, p<0.05) and a positive correlation with inequality (r=0.20, p<0.05). At the income level groups, most associations were no longer observable, remaining a few in the higher income groups without a clear pattern. Conclusions: Globally, while income inequality may be related to worse health outcomes, this association is significant only once poverty has been largely overcome, compatible with both theories in dispute. Whether these associations observed at a general level are maintained at the grouped level will depend on the health outcomes studied, the construction of the wealth indicator, and the methodological limitations of country-income grouped analysis. These characteristics, typical of ecological studies on health inequity, could explain the literature’s mixed results in this regard.