Examinando por Autor "Vernal, R"

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    ATP Induces IL-1𝛽 Secretion in Neisseria gonorrhoeae-Infected Human Macrophages by a Mechanism Not Related to the NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 Axis
    (HINDAWI PUBLISHING, 2016) Garcia, K; Escobar, G; Mendoza, P; Beltran, C; Perez, C; Arancibia, S; Vernal, R; Rodas, PI; Acuna-Castillo, C; Escobar, A
    Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ngo) has developed multiple immune evasion mechanisms involving the innate and adaptive immune responses. Recent findings have reported that Ngo reduces the IL-1 beta secretion of infected human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). Here, we investigate the role of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in production and release of IL-1 beta in Ngo-infected MDM. We found that the exposure of Ngo-infected MDM to ATP increases IL-1 beta levels about ten times compared with unexposed Ngo-infected MDM (P < 0.01). However, we did not observe any changes in inflammasome transcriptional activation of speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (CARD) (ASC, P > 0.05) and caspase-1 (CASP1, P > 0.05). In addition, ATP was not able to modify caspase-1 activity in Ngo-infected MDM but was able to increase pyroptosis (P > 0.01). Notably ATP treatment defined an increase of positive staining for IL-1 beta with a distinctive intracellular pattern of distribution. Collectively, these data demonstrate that ATP induces IL-1 beta secretion by a mechanism not related to the NLRP3/ASC/caspase-1 axis and likely is acting at the level of vesicle trafficking or pore formation.