Examinando por Autor "Zavala-Crichton, Juan Pablo"
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Ítem Anthropometric characteristics, body composition and somatotype in elite junior ITF tennis players from South America(Universidad de la Frontera, 2018-09) Yáñez-Sepúlveda, Rodrigo; Montiel-González, Sergio; Zavala-Crichton, Juan Pablo; Díaz-Barrientos, SamuelThe objective of the study was to determine the anthropometric characteristics, body composition and somatotype in male elite junior tennis players from the International Tennis Federation (ITF). Twenty five players of 17.04 ± 1.05 years participated. The body composition was evaluated with the restricted profile of 25 variables proposed by Kerr based on the pent compartmental method, which divided the body into 5 components (tissues: muscle, adipose, bone, residual, and skin). The somatotype was identified with the Heath and Carter method. For the evaluation, the norms proposed by the International Society for the Advancement of Cineanthropometry (ISAK) and the Spanish Group of Cineanthropometry (GREC) were used. The percentage of muscle tissue was 47.65 ± 2.83 %, adipose tissue of 23.23 ± 3.56 %, and bone tissue of 11.79 ± 1.56 % with a muscle-osseous index (IMO) of 4.09 ± 0.50. Regarding somatotype, a balanced mesomorphic classification was observed with values of 2.5 ± 0.81 of endomorphy, 4.9 ± 0.66 of mesomorphy, and 2.7 ± 0.96 of ectomorphy. The group of tennis players presented a predominance of the mesomorphy component with a balance between the components endomorphy and ectomorphy with characteristics of body composition similar to those found in the literature. The present study provides referential data on the anthropometric characteristics in South American tennis players elite junior category. © 2018, Universidad de la Frontera. All rights reserved.Ítem Intensity and level of physical activity in the diabladas of the festival of La Tirana in Chile(Federación Española de Docentes de Educación Física, 2023) Yáñez-Sepúlveda, Rodrigo; Cortés-Roco, Guillermo; Hurtado-Almonacid, Juan; De Souza-Lima, Josivaldo; Olivares-Arancibia, Jorge; Reyes-Amigo, Tomás; Zavala-Crichton, Juan PabloThe objective was to analyze the intensity and level of physical activity in diabladas during the festival of La Tirana in Chile. The study was non-experimental, cross-sectional, exploratory, descriptive and comparative. Fifty dancers from a Chilean diablada (30 women and 20 men) participated. The evaluations were carried out during the religious festival of La Tirana in northern Chile. Actigraph GTX-3 model accelerometers were used to quantify the study variables and were installed at the waist. The dancers had effective dance days between 3 and 5 hours/day. The average intensity per hour of dancing was 3.1 ± 1.0 METs, the percentage of dance intensity to moderate to vigorous intensity (AFMV) was 46.4% ± 2.7%; the average number of steps per hour was 3124 ± 178 and the time in moderate to vigorous activity (AFMV) ranged from 83.1 to 138.5 min per day. Differences in very vigorous physical activity were found between men and women (F=9.57; p=0.003; n2p= 0.127). Diabladas dancers present high levels of physical activity during the religious festival of La Tirana in Chile. Every day the dancers exceed the international recommendations for physical activity, which can generate benefits in health and quality of life. © Copyright: Federación Española de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educación Física (FEADEF)Ítem Mood of physically active and inactive adults during the COVID-19 pandemic(Federación Española de Docentes de Educación Física, 2023) Cortés-Roco, Guillermo; Zavala-Crichton, Juan Pablo; Páez-Herrera, Jacqueline; Olivares-Arancibia, Jorge; Jímenez-Pavez, Soledad; Yáñez-Sepúlveda, RodrigoObjetivo: Comparar el estado de ánimo en un grupo de adultos físicamente activos (FA) entrenados de forma remota durante un periodo de cuarentena por COVID-19 y un grupo de adultos inactivos físicamente (IF). Métodos: Fue aplicada la Escala de Valoración del Estado de Ánimo (EVEA) a ambos grupos, FA (n = 15), edad 23±3,7 años de un club de cheerleading y a un grupo IF (n=15) edad 27±2,4 años, en dos ocasiones con un tiempo de separación de un mes. Se recopilaron datos, en ambos periodos, de estado de ánimo (EA), específicamente ansiedad, tristeza, alegría e ira. Fueron comparados los EA entre grupos en dos periodos y EA por grupo en cada periodo. Si el p-valor (sig) es menor a 0,05, se establece la presencia de diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre mediciones y los grupos. Para calcular el tamaño del efecto (TE) de la diferencia, se aplicó la prueba d de Cohen. Resultados: Arrojaron en ambas mediciones que FA presentó en comparación a IF menos ansiedad (p = 0,00; TE 1,37; p = 0,00; TE 2,07), triste za (p = 0,06; TE 0,57; p = 0,00; TE 1,99) e ira (p = 0,00; TE 0,77; p = 0,00; TE 3,43), y mayor alegría (p = 0,01, TE 0,98; p = 0,00; TE 3,60) respectivamente. Además, FA en la 2ª medición disminuyó la tristeza (p = 0,25, TE 0,45) y la ira (p = 0,05, TE 0,57) y aumentó la alegría (p = 0,05; TE 0,75), mientras que IF aumentó la ira (p = 0.00; TE 2,11) y disminuyó la alegría (p = 0,12, TE 1,07). Conclusión: FA presento mejor estado de ánimo que IF en ambas mediciones durante la pandemia COVID-19, y disminuyó EA negativo y aumentó EA positivo, dando cuenta de los efectos positivos del ejercicio físico sobre EA. Palabras claves: Estado de ánimo, COVID-19, Nivel de actividad física, Pandemia, CheerleadingÍtem Passive commuting and higher sedentary time is associated with vitamin D deficiency in adult and older women: Results from Chilean National Health Survey 2016–2017(Nutrients, 2019) Solis-Urra, Patricio; Cristi-Montero, Carlos; Romero-Parra, Javier; Zavala-Crichton, Juan Pablo; Saez-Lara, Maria Jose; Plaza-Diaz, JulioThe aim was to investigate the associations between different physical activity (PA) patterns and sedentary time (ST) with vitamin D deficiency (<12 ng/mL) in a large sample of Chilean women. In this cross-sectional study, the final sample included 1245 adult and 686 older women. The PA levels, mode of commuting, ST, and leisure-time PA were self-reported. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as <12 ng/mL and insufficiency as <20 ng/mL. A higher ST was associated with vitamin D deficiency (odds ratio (OR): 2.4, 95%: 1.6–4.3) in adults, and passive commuting was associated with vitamin D deficiency in older (OR: 1.7, 95%: 1.1–2.7). Additionally, we found a joint association in the high ST/passive commuting group in adults (OR: 2.8, 95%: 1.6–4.9) and older (OR: 2.8, 95%: 1.5–5.2) with vitamin D deficiency, in respect to low ST/active commuting. The PA levels and leisure-time PA were not associated with vitamin D deficiency. In conclusion, mode of commuting and ST seems important variables related to vitamin D deficiency. Promoting a healthy lifestyle appears important also for vitamin D levels in adult and older women. Further studies are needed to establish causality of this association and the effect of vitamin D deficiency in different diseases in this population. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Ítem Study protocol and rationale of the "cogni-action project" a cross-sectional and randomized controlled trial about physical activity, brain health, cognition, and educational achievement in schoolchildren(BioMed Central Ltd, 2019-07-26) Solis-Urra, Patricio; Olivares-Arancibia, Jorge; Suarez-Cadenas, Ernesto; Sanchez-Martinez, Javier; Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Fernando; Ortega, Francisco B.; Esteban-Cornejo, Irene; Cadenas-Sanchez, Cristina; Castro-Piñero, Jose; Veloz, Alejandro; Chabert, Steren; Saradangani, Kabir P.; Zavala-Crichton, Juan Pablo; Migueles, Jairo H.; Mora-Gonzalez, Jose; Quiroz-Escobar, Milton; Almonte-Espinoza, Diego; Urzúa, Alfonso; Dragicevic, Constantino D.; Astudillo, Aland; Méndez-Gassibe, Eduardo; Riquelme-Uribe, Daniel; Azagra, Marcela Jarpa; Cristi-Montero, CarlosBackground: Education and health are crucial topics for public policies as both largely determine the future wellbeing of the society. Currently, several studies recognize that physical activity (PA) benefits brain health in children. However, most of these studies have not been carried out in developing countries or lack the transference into the education field. The Cogni-Action Project is divided into two stages, a cross-sectional study and a crossover-randomized trial. The aim of the first part is to establish the associations of PA, sedentarism, and physical fitness with brain structure and function, cognitive performance and academic achievement in Chilean schoolchildren (10-13 years-old). The aim of the second part is to determinate the acute effects of three PA protocols on neuroelectric indices during a working memory and a reading task. Methods: PA and sedentarism will be self-reported and objectively-assessed with accelerometers in a representative subsample, whilst physical fitness will be evaluated through the ALPHA fitness test battery. Brain structure and function will be assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a randomized subsample. Cognitive performance will be assessed through the NeuroCognitive Performance Test, and academic achievement by school grades. In the second part 32 adolescents (12-13 year-old) will be cross-over randomized to these condition (i) "Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training" (MICT), (ii) "Cooperative High-Intensity Interval Training" (C-HIIT), and (iii) Sedentary condition. Neuroelectric indices will be measures by electroencephalogram (EEG) and eye-tracking, working memory by n-back task and reading comprehension by a reading task. Discussion: The main strength of this project is that, to our knowledge, this is the first study analysing the potential association of PA, sedentarism, and physical fitness on brain structure and function, cognitive performance, and academic achievement in a developing country, which presents an important sociocultural gap. For this purpose, this project will use advanced technologies in neuroimaging (MRI), electrophysiology (EEG), and eye-tracking, as well as objective and quality measurements of several physical and cognitive health outcomes. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03894241 Date of register: March 28, 2019. Retrospectively Registered. © 2019 The Author(s).Ítem The mediation effect of self–report physical activity patterns in the relationship between educational level and cognitive impairment in elderly: A cross-sectional analysis of chilean health national survey 2016–2017(MDPI, 2020-04) Solis-Urra, Patricio; Plaza-Diaz, Julio; Álvarez-Mercado, Ana Isabel; Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Fernando; Cristi-Montero, Carlos; Zavala-Crichton, Juan Pablo; Olivares-Arancibia, Jorge; Sanchez-Martinez, Javier; Abadía-Molina, FranciscoThe aims of this cross-sectional study were (i) to determine the association of educational level attained with cognitive impairment and (ii) to investigate the mediating effect of different self-report physical activity (PA) patterns in a large sample of older Chileans. A sample of 1571 older adults from the National Chilean Survey (2016–2017) was included. The educational level attained, PA levels, mode of commuting, sedentary time, and leisure-time PA were self-reported through validated questionnaires. Cognitive impairment was determined by Mini-Mental State Examination (modified version). Association between educational level attained and cognitive impairment was examined using logistic regression models. Counterfactual mediation models were used to test the mediating effect of self-reported PA patterns. A lower educational level was consistently associated with higher odds of cognitive impairment (OR range 2.846 to 2.266, all p < 0.001), while leisure-time PA was the only PA pattern that partially mediated this association (proportion mediated 8.0%). In conclusion, leisure-time PA was the solely PA pattern that partially mediated the association between the educational level and cognitive impairment. The rest self-reported PA patterns did not modify this association. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.