Assessing Variation in the Individual-Level Impacts of a Multihost Pathogen
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Archivos
Fecha
2023
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
en
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Título del volumen
Editor
Wiley-Hindawi
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
CC BY 4.0 ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL Deed
Licencia CC
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Resumen
Most pathogens infect more than one host species, and given infection, the individual-level impact they have varies among host species. Nevertheless, variation in individual-level impacts of infection remains poorly characterised. Using the impactful and host-generalist ectoparasitic mite Sarcoptes scabiei (causing sarcoptic mange), we assessed individual-level variation in pathogen impacts by (1) compiling all documented individual-level impacts of S. scabiei across free-living host species, (2) quantifying and ranking S. scabiei impacts among host species, and (3) evaluating factors associated with S. scabiei impacts. We compiled individual-level impacts of S. scabiei infection from 77 host species, spanning 31 different impacts, and totalling 683 individual-level impact descriptions. Te most common impacts were those affecting the skin, alopecia (130 descriptions), and hyperkeratosis coverage (106). From these impacts, a standardised metric was generated for each species (average impact score (AIS) with a 0-1 range), as a proxy of pathogen virulence allowing quantitative comparison of S. scabiei impacts among host species while accounting for the variation in the number and types of impacts assessed. Te Japanese raccoon dog (Nyctereutes viverrinus) was found to be the most impacted host (AIS 0.899). We applied species inclusion criteria for ranking and found more well-studied species tended to be those impacted more by S. scabiei (26/27 species AIS < 0.5). AIS had relatively weak relationships with predictor variables (methodological, phylogenetic, and geographic). Tere was a tendency for Diprotodontia, Artiodactyla, and Carnivora to be the most impacted taxa and for research to be focussed in developed regions of the world. Tis study is the first quantitative assessment of individual-level pathogen impacts of a multihost parasite. Te proposed methodology can be applied to other multihost pathogens of public health, animal welfare, and conservation concern and enables further research to address likely causes of variation in pathogen virulence among host species. © 2023 Zachary M. Lewin et al.
Notas
Indexación: Scopus.
Palabras clave
Aoudad, Article, Artiodactyla, Bandicoot, Carnivora, Controlled Study, Diprotodontia, Geographic Distribution, Histology, Host, Host Pathogen Interaction, Immune Response, Infectious Agent, Japanese (people), Lagomorph, Microbial Community, Nonhuman, Nyctereutes Viverrinus, Phylogenetic Tree, Public Health, Quantitative Analysis, Sarcoptes Scabiei, Scabies, Sheep, Virulence, Vulpes Vulpes
Citación
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases. Volume 2023. 2023. Article number 4003285
DOI
10.1155/2023/4003285