The Mytilus chilensis Steamer-like Element-1 Retrotransposon Antisense mRNA Harbors an Internal Ribosome Entry Site That Is Modulated by hnRNPK

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dc.contributor.authorFernández-García, Leandro
dc.contributor.authorAhumada-Marchant, Constanza
dc.contributor.authorLobos-Ávila, Pablo
dc.contributor.authorBrauer, Bastián
dc.contributor.authorBustos, Fernando J.
dc.contributor.authorArriagada, Gloria
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-31T22:14:28Z
dc.date.available2024-05-31T22:14:28Z
dc.date.issued2024-03
dc.descriptionIndexación: Scopus
dc.description.abstractLTR-retrotransposons are transposable elements characterized by the presence of long terminal repeats (LTRs) directly flanking an internal coding region. They share genome organization and replication strategies with retroviruses. Steamer-like Element-1 (MchSLE-1) is an LTR-retrotransposon identified in the genome of the Chilean blue mussel Mytilus chilensis. MchSLE-1 is transcribed; however, whether its RNA is also translated and the mechanism underlying such translation remain to be elucidated. Here, we characterize the MchSLE-1 translation mechanism. We found that the MchSLE-1 5′ and 3′LTRs command transcription of sense and antisense RNAs, respectively. Using luciferase reporters commanded by the untranslated regions (UTRs) of MchSLE-1, we found that in vitro 5′UTR sense is unable to initiate translation, whereas the antisense 5′UTR initiates translation even when the eIF4E-eIF4G interaction was disrupted, suggesting the presence of an internal ribosomal entry site (IRES). The antisense 5′UTR IRES activity was tested using bicistronic reporters. The antisense 5′UTR has IRES activity only when the mRNA is transcribed in the nucleus, suggesting that nuclear RNA-binding proteins are required to modulate its activity. Indeed, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK) was identified as an IRES trans-acting factor (ITAF) of the MchSLE-1 IRES. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing an IRES in an antisense mRNA derived from a mussel LTR-retrotransposon. © 2024 by the authors.
dc.description.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/3/403
dc.identifier.citationViruses Volume 16, Issue 3March 2024 Article number 403
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/v16030403
dc.identifier.issn1999-4915
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unab.cl/handle/ria/57227
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.rights.licenseAtribución 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0)
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es
dc.subjecthnRNPK
dc.subjectIRES
dc.subjectITAF
dc.subjectRetrotransposon
dc.subjectTranslation initiation
dc.titleThe Mytilus chilensis Steamer-like Element-1 Retrotransposon Antisense mRNA Harbors an Internal Ribosome Entry Site That Is Modulated by hnRNPK
dc.typeArtículo
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