Immune responses during COVID-19 breakthrough cases in vaccinated children and adolescents

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dc.contributor.authorRivera-Pérez, Daniela
dc.contributor.authorMéndez, Constanza
dc.contributor.authorDiethelm-Varela, Benjamín
dc.contributor.authorMelo-González, Felipe
dc.contributor.authorVázquez, Yaneisi
dc.contributor.authorMeng, Xing
dc.contributor.authorXin, Qianqian
dc.contributor.authorFasce, Rodrigo A.
dc.contributor.authorFernández, Jorge
dc.contributor.authorMora, Judith
dc.contributor.authorRamirez, Eugenio
dc.contributor.authorAcevedo, Mónica L.
dc.contributor.authorValiente-Echeverría, Fernando
dc.contributor.authorSoto-Rifo, Ricardo
dc.contributor.authorGrifoni, Alba
dc.contributor.authorWeiskopf, Daniela
dc.contributor.authorSette, Alessandro
dc.contributor.authorAstudillo, Patricio
dc.contributor.authorLe Corre, Nicole
dc.contributor.authorAbarca, Katia
dc.contributor.authorPerret, Cecilia
dc.contributor.authorGonzález, Pablo A.
dc.contributor.authorSoto, Jorge A.
dc.contributor.authorBueno, Susan M.
dc.contributor.authorKalergis, Alexis M.
dc.date.accessioned2024-07-19T16:23:04Z
dc.date.available2024-07-19T16:23:04Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.descriptionIndexación: Scopus.
dc.description.abstractBackground: Vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection has been somewhat limited due to the widespread dissemination of the Omicron variant, its subvariants, and the immune response dynamics of the naturally infected with the virus. Methods: Twelve subjects between 3-17 years old (yo), vaccinated with two doses of CoronaVac®, were followed and diagnosed as breakthrough cases starting 14 days after receiving the second dose. Total IgGs against different SARS-CoV-2 proteins and the neutralizing capacity of these antibodies after infection were measured in plasma. The activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with peptides derived from the proteins from the wild-type (WT) virus and Omicron subvariants by flow cytometry, as well as different cytokines secretion by a Multiplex assay. Results: 2 to 8 weeks post-infection, compared to 4 weeks after 2nd dose of vaccine, there was a 146.5-fold increase in neutralizing antibody titers against Omicron and a 38.7-fold increase against WT SARS-CoV-2. Subjects showed an increase in total IgG levels against the S1, N, M, and NSP8 proteins of the WT virus. Activated CD4+ T cells showed a significant increase in response to the BA.2 subvariant (p<0.001). Finally, the secretion of IL-2 and IFN-γ cytokines showed a discreet decrease trend after infection in some subjects. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 infection in the pediatric population vaccinated with an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine produced an increase in neutralizing antibodies against Omicron and increased specific IgG antibodies for different SARS-CoV-2 proteins. CD4+ T cell activation was also increased, suggesting a conserved cellular response against the Omicron subvariants, whereas Th1-type cytokine secretion tended to decrease.
dc.description.urihttps://www-scopus-com.recursosbiblioteca.unab.cl/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85194747874&origin=resultslist&sort=plf-f&src=s&nlo=&nlr=&nls=&sid=dbd85ca00ec1299adff19f78e4cdb00d&sot=aff&sdt=cl&cluster=scofreetoread%2c%22all%22%2ct&sl=34&s=AF-ID%2860002636%29+AND+SUBJAREA%28IMMU%29&relpos=19&citeCnt=0&searchTerm=
dc.identifier.citationFrontiers in Immunology Open Access Volume 152024 Article number 1372193
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fimmu.2024.1372193
dc.identifier.issn16643224
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unab.cl/handle/ria/58607
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherFrontiers Media SA
dc.rights.licenseCC BY 4.0 ATTRIBUTION 4.0 INTERNATIONAL
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectbreakthrough cases
dc.subjectCoronaVac®
dc.subjectinactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine
dc.subjectomicron variant
dc.subjectpediatric
dc.subjectphase 3 clinical trial
dc.subjectSARS-CoV-2
dc.titleImmune responses during COVID-19 breakthrough cases in vaccinated children and adolescents
dc.typeArtículo
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