Bio-sorciĆ³n de metales divalentes mediante un alga parda (durvillaea antarctica)
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Fecha
2018
Autores
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Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad AndrƩs Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
La bio-sorciĆ³n es un fenĆ³meno fĆsico-quĆmico basado en mecanismos de
adsorciĆ³n y absorciĆ³n. En nuestro caso se refiere a la captaciĆ³n de metales en
soluciĆ³n acuosa mediante un sorbente. En los Ćŗltimos aƱos, la bio-sorciĆ³n como
tĆ©cnica de remediaciĆ³n para la extracciĆ³n de metales, ha causado un gran
impacto debido a sus beneficios en comparaciĆ³n a los mĆ©todos utilizados en la
actualidad. Si bien el progreso de esta tĆ©cnica ha sido significativo, la bio-sorciĆ³n
se ha visto limitada para su comercializaciĆ³n debido a que se encuentra aĆŗn en
desarrollo.
Conociendo que algunos metales divalentes se encuentran como
contaminantes de caudales naturales en Chile, en esta Unidad de InvestigaciĆ³n
se estudiĆ³ un mĆ©todo de extracciĆ³n de Cu2+, Cd2+ y Pb2+
, utilizando un sorbente
de origen natural (bio-sorciĆ³n). Para esto, se utilizĆ³ Durvillaea antarctica, una
macro-alga cafƩ abundante en las costas del territorio chileno.
De los datos obtenidos de esta investigaciĆ³n se determinĆ³ la sorciĆ³n
mĆ”xima para Cu2+ (1,9812 Ā± 0,0320 mg g-1
), Pb2+ ( 2,0094 Ā± 0,0184 mg g-1
) y Cd2+
(2,0066 Ā± 0,0075 mg g-1
). AdemƔs, se establece que a las 6 horas de contacto
del bio-sorbente con cada uno de los cationes divalentes, es posible extraer sobre
un 94% desde la soluciĆ³n acuosa, presentando la siguiente secuencia de
selectividad Pb2+ ~ Cd2+ > Cu2+. Con estos resultados se pretende en prĆ³ximas
investigaciones, diseƱar aplicaciones donde este bio-sorbente sea utilizado como
materia prima.
Bio-sorption is a physical-chemical phenomenon based on adsorption and absorption mechanisms. In our case is referred to the uptake of metals from aqueous solution using a sorbent. In the recent years, metal remediation using the bio-sorption process has caused a great impact due to the benefits that this method can offer comparing to the current techniques. Although a significant progress of this technique has been reached, the commercialization of the biosorption processes is limited, because it is a still developing technique. Knowing that some divalent metals are found as contaminants of natural flows in Chile, in this research we studied a method of extraction for Cu2+ , Cd2+ and Pb2+ cations, using a natural sorbent. Durvillaea antarctica, an abundant brown macro-alga on the coasts of the Chilean territory was used in the proposed bio-sorption process. From the obtained data, a maximum sorption for Cu2+ (1,9812 Ā± 0,0320 mg g -1 ), Pb2+ (2,0094 Ā± 0,0184 mg g-1 ) and Cd2+ (2,0066 Ā± 0,0075 mg g-1 ) was determined. Furthermore, it was possible to establish that at 6 hours of contact between the bio-sorbent with each of the divalent cations, it is possible to extract about a 94% of the metal cations from the aqueous solution, presenting also the following selectivity Pb2+ ~ Cd2+ > Cu2+ . These promising results can be used to propose and design in near future applications based on this bio-sorbent
Bio-sorption is a physical-chemical phenomenon based on adsorption and absorption mechanisms. In our case is referred to the uptake of metals from aqueous solution using a sorbent. In the recent years, metal remediation using the bio-sorption process has caused a great impact due to the benefits that this method can offer comparing to the current techniques. Although a significant progress of this technique has been reached, the commercialization of the biosorption processes is limited, because it is a still developing technique. Knowing that some divalent metals are found as contaminants of natural flows in Chile, in this research we studied a method of extraction for Cu2+ , Cd2+ and Pb2+ cations, using a natural sorbent. Durvillaea antarctica, an abundant brown macro-alga on the coasts of the Chilean territory was used in the proposed bio-sorption process. From the obtained data, a maximum sorption for Cu2+ (1,9812 Ā± 0,0320 mg g -1 ), Pb2+ (2,0094 Ā± 0,0184 mg g-1 ) and Cd2+ (2,0066 Ā± 0,0075 mg g-1 ) was determined. Furthermore, it was possible to establish that at 6 hours of contact between the bio-sorbent with each of the divalent cations, it is possible to extract about a 94% of the metal cations from the aqueous solution, presenting also the following selectivity Pb2+ ~ Cd2+ > Cu2+ . These promising results can be used to propose and design in near future applications based on this bio-sorbent
Notas
Unidad de InvestigaciĆ³n (Licenciado en QuĆmica)
Este Trabajo fue realizado gracias al proyecto Basal CEDENNA FB-0807.
Este Trabajo fue realizado gracias al proyecto Basal CEDENNA FB-0807.
Palabras clave
Metales, AbsorciĆ³n y AdsorciĆ³n, Algas Pardas