Architecture and gene repertoire of the flexible genome of the extreme acidophile Acidithiobacillus caldus

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dc.contributor.authorAcuña, Lillian G.
dc.contributor.authorCárdenas, Juan Pablo
dc.contributor.authorCovarrubias, Paulo C.
dc.contributor.authorHaristoy, Juan José
dc.contributor.authorFlores, Rodrigo
dc.contributor.authorNuñez, Harold
dc.contributor.authorRiadi, Gonzalo
dc.contributor.authorShmaryahu, Amir
dc.contributor.authorValdés, Jorge
dc.contributor.authorDopson, Mark
dc.contributor.authorRawlings, Douglas E.
dc.contributor.authorBanfield, Jillian F.
dc.date.accessioned2024-04-10T16:27:40Z
dc.date.available2024-04-10T16:27:40Z
dc.date.issued2013-11-08
dc.descriptionINDEXACIÓN: SCOPUS.
dc.description.abstractBackground: Acidithiobacillus caldus is a sulfur oxidizing extreme acidophile and the only known mesothermophile within the Acidithiobacillales. As such, it is one of the preferred microbes for mineral bioprocessing at moderately high temperatures. In this study, we explore the genomic diversity of A. caldus strains using a combination of bioinformatic and experimental techniques, thus contributing first insights into the elucidation of the species pangenome. Principal Findings: Comparative sequence analysis of A. caldus ATCC 51756 and SM-1 indicate that, despite sharing a conserved and highly syntenic genomic core, both strains have unique gene complements encompassing nearly 20% of their respective genomes. The differential gene complement of each strain is distributed between the chromosomal compartment, one megaplasmid and a variable number of smaller plasmids, and is directly associated to a diverse pool of mobile genetic elements (MGE). These include integrative conjugative and mobilizable elements, genomic islands and insertion sequences. Some of the accessory functions associated to these MGEs have been linked previously to the flexible gene pool in microorganisms inhabiting completely different econiches. Yet, others had not been unambiguously mapped to the flexible gene pool prior to this report and clearly reflect strain-specific adaption to local environmental conditions. Significance: For many years, and because of DNA instability at low pH and recurrent failure to genetically transform acidophilic bacteria, gene transfer in acidic environments was considered negligible. Findings presented herein imply that a more or less conserved pool of actively excising MGEs occurs in the A. caldus population and point to a greater frequency of gene exchange in this econiche than previously recognized. Also, the data suggest that these elements endow the species with capacities to withstand the diverse abiotic and biotic stresses of natural environments, in particular those associated with its extreme econiche. © 2013 Acuña et al.
dc.identifier.citationPLoS ONE, Volume 8, Issue 11, 8 November 2013, Article number e78237
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0078237
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unab.cl/handle/ria/55843
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherPublic Library of Science
dc.rights.licenseCC BY 4.0 DEED Atribución 4.0 Internacional
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es
dc.subjectAcidithiobacillus
dc.subjectBacterial Proteins
dc.subjectComputational Biology
dc.subjectConjugation, Genetic
dc.subjectDNA Transposable Elements
dc.subjectGenome, Bacterial
dc.subjectPlasmids
dc.subjectSulfur
dc.titleArchitecture and gene repertoire of the flexible genome of the extreme acidophile Acidithiobacillus caldus
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