Prevalencia y severidad de fluorosis dental en escolares de 12 y 13 años de edad pertenecientes a escuelas municipalizadas de la Comuna de Viña del Mar
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Archivos
Fecha
2008
Autores
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
OBJETIVOS: La efectividad del fluoruro en prevención y control de caries dental ha sido
ampliamente documentada. A pesar de los efectos benéficos del fluoruro, una ingesta
excesiva de éste durante el período de formación del diente, produce un defecto en la
mineralización del esmalte denominado fluorosis dental. Estudios poblacionales
realizados en Valparaíso demuestran un incremento de un 40,4% en el año 1999 a un
59% el año 2007 de la prevalencia de fluorosis en escolares de 12 años de edad. En
virtud de lo expuesto, el objetivo de este estudio es determinar la prevalencia de
fluorosis en escolares de 12 y 13 años de escuelas municipalizadas de la comuna de
Viña del Mar. MATERIAL Y METODO: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo observacional
con una muestra aleatoria estratificada por conglomerado de 339 escolares de 12 y 13
años de edad. Se evaluaron las caras vestibulares de los dientes permanentes con 2/3
coronarios erupcionados, utilizando el índice de Dean y el índice de Thylstrup &
Fejerskov. RESULTADOS: Se observó una prevalencia de fluorosis de un 81,12% en
escolares de 12 y 13 años. Los valores más altos según el índice de Dean
corresponden al nivel 2 con un 32, 15%; y según el índice TF al nivel 1 con un 46,02%.
No existe diferencia significativa entre género. CONCLUSIONES: Escolares de la
comuna de Viña del Mar de escuelas municipalizadas presentan una mayor prevalencia
de fluorosis en relación a estudios poblacionales previos. La mayoría de los casos con
fluorosis continúan siendo formas muy leves, pareciendo ser de poca relevancia
estética para la población.
AIM: The effectiveness of fluoride for prevention and control of dental is well documented. However, despite the benefits, an excessive fluoride intake during the period of tooth formation results in a defect on the enamel mineralization known as dental fluorosis. Previous findings in Valparaíso showed an increase of dental fluorosis of 40,4% in the year 1999 to 59% in the year 2007 in 12 years-old children. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of dental fluorosis in schoolchildren from selected Vina del Mar public schools. MATERIAL ANO METHOD: For this descriptive study a randomly stratified cluster sample of six schools comprising 336 schoolchildren aged 12-13 years-old was selected. Prevalence of dental fluorosis was measured using the Dean and Thylstrup & Fejerskov lndex on vestibular surface on permanent teeth with 2/3 erupted crown. RESULTS: Dental fluorosis was found in 81,12% of the sample in shoolchildren. The highest values of Dean lndex corresponds to the level 2 with 32,15% and TF lndex corresponds to the level 1 with 46,02%. Non significant differences was found between genre. CONCLUSIONS: Schoolchildren from public schools of Vina del Mar shows high prevalence of dental fluorosis in comparison with previous studies. The majority of fluorosis cases continue to be very mild and seem of little esthetic consequence for most of the public or dental profession.
AIM: The effectiveness of fluoride for prevention and control of dental is well documented. However, despite the benefits, an excessive fluoride intake during the period of tooth formation results in a defect on the enamel mineralization known as dental fluorosis. Previous findings in Valparaíso showed an increase of dental fluorosis of 40,4% in the year 1999 to 59% in the year 2007 in 12 years-old children. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of dental fluorosis in schoolchildren from selected Vina del Mar public schools. MATERIAL ANO METHOD: For this descriptive study a randomly stratified cluster sample of six schools comprising 336 schoolchildren aged 12-13 years-old was selected. Prevalence of dental fluorosis was measured using the Dean and Thylstrup & Fejerskov lndex on vestibular surface on permanent teeth with 2/3 erupted crown. RESULTS: Dental fluorosis was found in 81,12% of the sample in shoolchildren. The highest values of Dean lndex corresponds to the level 2 with 32,15% and TF lndex corresponds to the level 1 with 46,02%. Non significant differences was found between genre. CONCLUSIONS: Schoolchildren from public schools of Vina del Mar shows high prevalence of dental fluorosis in comparison with previous studies. The majority of fluorosis cases continue to be very mild and seem of little esthetic consequence for most of the public or dental profession.
Notas
Tesis (Magíster en Odontología)
Palabras clave
Flúor, Efectos Adversos, Fluoruros, Higiene Oral, Comuna de Viña del Mar, Región de Valparaíso