Opening of pannexin- and connexin-based channels increases the excitability of nodose ganglion sensory neurons
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2014-06
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
en
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Frontiers Media S.A.
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Licencia CC
Atribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
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https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.es
Resumen
Satellite glial cells (SGCs) are the main glia in sensory ganglia. They surround neuronal
bodies and form a cap that prevents the formation of chemical or electrical synapses
between neighboring neurons. SGCs have been suggested to establish bidirectional
paracrine communication with sensory neurons. However, the molecular mechanism
involved in this cellular communication is unknown. In the central nervous system (CNS),
astrocytes present connexin43 (Cx43) hemichannels and pannexin1 (Panx1) channels,
and the opening of these channels allows the release of signal molecules, such as
ATP and glutamate. We propose that these channels could play a role in glia-neuron
communication in sensory ganglia. Therefore, we studied the expression and function
of Cx43 and Panx1 in rat and mouse nodose-petrosal-jugular complexes (NPJcs) using
confocal immunofluorescence, molecular and electrophysiological techniques. Cx43 and
Panx1 were detected in SGCs and in sensory neurons, respectively. In the rat and mouse,
the electrical activity of vagal nerve increased significantly after nodose neurons were
exposed to a Ca2+/Mg2+-free solution, a condition that increases the open probability
of Cx hemichannels. This response was partially mimicked by a cell-permeable peptide
corresponding to the last 10 amino acids of Cx43 (TAT-Cx43CT). Enhanced neuronal activity
was reduced by Cx hemichannel, Panx1 channel and P2X7 receptor blockers. Moreover,
the role of Panx1 was confirmed in NPJc, because in those from Panx1 knockout mice
showed a reduced increase of neuronal activity induced by Ca2+/Mg2+-free extracellular
conditions. The data suggest that Cx hemichannels and Panx channels serve as paracrine
communication pathways between SGCs and neurons by modulating the excitability of
sensory neurons.
Notas
Indexación: Scopus.
Palabras clave
Glial Satellite Cells, Connexon, Peripheral Glial Cells, Sensory Ganglia, Nodose Ganglia
Citación
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience. Volume 8, Issue JUN. 20 June 2014. Article number 158
DOI
DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00158