The Role of the α Cell in the Pathogenesis of Diabetes: A World beyond the Mirror

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dc.contributor.authorMartínez, María Sofía
dc.contributor.authorManzano, Alexander
dc.contributor.authorOlivar, Luis Carlos
dc.contributor.authorNava, Manuel
dc.contributor.authorSalazar, Juan
dc.contributor.authorD’marco, Luis
dc.contributor.authorOrtiz, Rina
dc.contributor.authorChacín, Maricarmen
dc.contributor.authorGuerrero-Wyss, Marion
dc.contributor.authorCabrera de Bravo, Mayela
dc.contributor.authorCano, Clímaco
dc.contributor.authorBermúdez, Valmore
dc.contributor.authorAngarita, Lisse
dc.date.accessioned2022-06-02T15:18:47Z
dc.date.available2022-06-02T15:18:47Z
dc.date.issued2021-09-01
dc.descriptionIndexación Scopuses
dc.description.abstractType 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most prevalent chronic metabolic disorders, and insulin has been placed at the epicentre of its pathophysiological basis. However, the involvement of impaired alpha (α) cell function has been recognized as playing an essential role in several diseases, since hyperglucagonemia has been evidenced in both Type 1 and T2DM. This phenomenon has been attributed to intra-islet defects, like modifications in pancreatic α cell mass or dysfunction in glucagon’s secretion. Emerging evidence has shown that chronic hyperglycaemia provokes changes in the Langerhans’ islets cytoarchitecture, including α cell hyperplasia, pancreatic beta (β) cell dedifferentiation into glucagon-positive producing cells, and loss of paracrine and endocrine regulation due to β cell mass loss. Other abnormalities like α cell insulin resistance, sensor machinery dysfunction, or paradoxical ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP) opening have also been linked to glucagon hypersecretion. Recent clinical trials in phases 1 or 2 have shown new molecules with glucagon-antagonist properties with considerable effectiveness and acceptable safety profiles. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists and Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4 inhibitors) have been shown to decrease glucagon secretion in T2DM, and their possible therapeutic role in T1DM means they are attractive as an insulin-adjuvant therapy.en
dc.identifier.citationInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences Volume 22, Issue 171 September 2021 Article number 9504en
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/ijms22179504
dc.identifier.issn1661-6596
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unab.cl/xmlui/handle/ria/22698
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherMDPIen
dc.rights.licenseAttribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)en
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectGlucagonen
dc.subjectHyperglycaemiaen
dc.subjectLangerhans’ isletsen
dc.subjectType 2 diabetesen
dc.titleThe Role of the α Cell in the Pathogenesis of Diabetes: A World beyond the Mirroren
dc.typeArtículoen
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