Relación de bruxismo del sueño en niños con trastorno de déficit atencional e hiperactividad por obstrucción de vía aérea
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Fecha
2016
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Introducción: El ser humano nace condicionado para respirar por la nariz y alimentarse por
la boca, siendo estas funciones vitales para su supervivencia. El sueño es un estado de
reposo, durante este se pueden producir alteraciones que repercuten en el desarrollo normal
del niño, denominándose Trastornos del Sueño muy comunes en la niñez, se pueden
observar pausas en el flujo de aire de forma intermitente, el organismo hace frente a este
problema desarrollando mecanismos compensadores como son los despertares y el
aumento del esfuerzo ventilatorio y de la actividad muscular de la vía respiratoria superior,
llamado apnea obstructiva del sueño. El bruxismo del sueño se caracteriza por
contracciones fásicas y tónicas de los músculos mandibulares que pueden generan un
rechinamiento dental durante el sueño, algunos autores indican que el Bruxismo del Sueño
afectaría la calidad y la propiedad recuperativa del sueño, generando problemas de tipo
conductual y atencional, influyendo negativamente en el desempeño escolar en
adolescentes. En los niños con sospecha de Trastorno de Déficit Atencional e Hiperactividad
es esencial evaluar y tratar los problemas del sueño, ya que la coexistencia de estos
exacerba los síntomas. En este trabajo de investigación ejecutaré en su primera fase la
validación de las escalas de evaluación de apnea de sueño y Trastorno de Déficit
Atencional, y una segunda fase en la cual se tomarán los datos clínicos, se realizará la
encuesta a los padres, lo que nos permite encontrar respuesta a la relación entre Bruxismo
del Sueño en niños con Trastorno de Déficit Atencional e Hiperactividad por obstrucción de
vía aérea
Objetivo: Evaluar niños con bruxismo del sueño y analizar su relación con déficit atencional
e hiperactividad por vía aérea.
Método: Un estudio de corte transversal observacional, en Pacientes niños entre 4 a 11
años de la Clínica de Odontopediatría de Pregrado de la Universidad Andrés Bello cuyos
padres relatan Bruxismo del sueño. A los apoderados se les entregó la encuesta PSQ para
Trastornos del sueño y SNAP IV para Trastorno de Déficit atencional e Hiperactividad, el
profesor del niño también debió completar la misma encuesta. Además, se les pregunto a los
padres sobre alergias en el niño, adenoides, respiración bucal. Un único evaluador realizó
un análisis clínico de los niños midiendo variables como: Obstrucción faríngea, Hiperplasia
tonsilar, caries, competencia labial, tamaño de la lengua, respiración bucal.
Conclusión: Habiendo estudiado variables como trastornos del sueño, bruxismo del sueño
en niños, trastorno de déficit atencional e hiperactividad podemos inferir con un 95% de
certeza, que, para esta muestra, IMC se encuentra íntimamente relacionado con Trastorno
del sueño, además que existen factores que colapsan la vía aérea que se relacionan con
TDAH y también a mayor tasa de Trastorno del sueño existe una mayor probabilidad de
desarrollar Trastorno de Déficit Atencional e Hiperactividad. Se rechazan las hipótesis nulas
y se concluye que en pacientes con bruxismo del sueño que presenten trastornos del sueño
asociados son más proclives a presentar hiperactividad y déficit atencional.
lntroduction: The human being is bom conditioned to breathe through the nose and feed by the mouth, being these functions vital for their survival. Sleep is a state of rest, during this can produce alterations that affect the normal development of the child, called Sleep Disorders very common in childhood, you can observe pauses in the airflow intermittently, the body faces to this problem by developing compensatory mechanisms such as arousals and increased respiratory effort and upper respiratory muscle activity called obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep bruxism is characterized by phasic and tonic contractions of the mandibular muscles that can generate dental grinding during sleep. Sorne authors suggest that sleep bruxism would affect sleep quality and recuperative property, generating behavioral and attentional problems, negatively influencing school performance in adolescents. In children with suspected Attention Deficit Disorder and Hyperactivity, it is essential to evaluate and treat sleep problems, since the coexistence of these exacerbates the symptoms. In this first research, 1 will perform the validation of the scales for the evaluation of sleep apnea and Attention Deficit Disorder, and a second phase in which the clinical data will be taken. Allows us to find an answer to the relationship between Sleep Bruxism in children with Attention Deficit Disorder and Hyperactivity due to airway obstruction Objective: To evaluate children with sleep bruxism and to analyze their relationship with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Method: An observational cross-sectional study in children between 4 and 11 years of age at the Pediatric Clinic of the Andrés Bello University whose parents reporl sleep bruxism. lnmates were given the PSQ survey for Sleep Disorders and SNAP IV for Attention Deficit Disorder and Hyperactivity, the child's teacher had to complete the same survey. Parents are also asked about allergies in the child, adenoids, mouth breathing. A single evaluator performed a clinical analysis of children measuring variables such as pharyngeal obstruction, tonsillar hyperplasia, caries, lip competence, tongue size, mouth breathing. Conclusion: Having studied variables such as sleep disorders, sleep bruxism in children, attention deficit disorder and hyperactivity we can infer with 95% certainty that for this sample IMC is closely related to sleep disorder, in addition there are factors that collapse Airway disorders that are related to TDAH and also to a higher rate of Sleep Disorder there is a greater probability of developing Attention Deficit Disorder and Hyperactivity. The null hypotheses are rejected and it is concluded that patients with sleep bruxism who present associated sleep disorders are more likely to present hyperactivity and attention deficit.
lntroduction: The human being is bom conditioned to breathe through the nose and feed by the mouth, being these functions vital for their survival. Sleep is a state of rest, during this can produce alterations that affect the normal development of the child, called Sleep Disorders very common in childhood, you can observe pauses in the airflow intermittently, the body faces to this problem by developing compensatory mechanisms such as arousals and increased respiratory effort and upper respiratory muscle activity called obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep bruxism is characterized by phasic and tonic contractions of the mandibular muscles that can generate dental grinding during sleep. Sorne authors suggest that sleep bruxism would affect sleep quality and recuperative property, generating behavioral and attentional problems, negatively influencing school performance in adolescents. In children with suspected Attention Deficit Disorder and Hyperactivity, it is essential to evaluate and treat sleep problems, since the coexistence of these exacerbates the symptoms. In this first research, 1 will perform the validation of the scales for the evaluation of sleep apnea and Attention Deficit Disorder, and a second phase in which the clinical data will be taken. Allows us to find an answer to the relationship between Sleep Bruxism in children with Attention Deficit Disorder and Hyperactivity due to airway obstruction Objective: To evaluate children with sleep bruxism and to analyze their relationship with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Method: An observational cross-sectional study in children between 4 and 11 years of age at the Pediatric Clinic of the Andrés Bello University whose parents reporl sleep bruxism. lnmates were given the PSQ survey for Sleep Disorders and SNAP IV for Attention Deficit Disorder and Hyperactivity, the child's teacher had to complete the same survey. Parents are also asked about allergies in the child, adenoids, mouth breathing. A single evaluator performed a clinical analysis of children measuring variables such as pharyngeal obstruction, tonsillar hyperplasia, caries, lip competence, tongue size, mouth breathing. Conclusion: Having studied variables such as sleep disorders, sleep bruxism in children, attention deficit disorder and hyperactivity we can infer with 95% certainty that for this sample IMC is closely related to sleep disorder, in addition there are factors that collapse Airway disorders that are related to TDAH and also to a higher rate of Sleep Disorder there is a greater probability of developing Attention Deficit Disorder and Hyperactivity. The null hypotheses are rejected and it is concluded that patients with sleep bruxism who present associated sleep disorders are more likely to present hyperactivity and attention deficit.
Notas
Tesis (Magíster en Ciencias Odontológicas con mención en Odontología Pediátrica)
Palabras clave
Bruxismo en Niños, Trastornos por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad