Examinando por Autor "Muttray, Annette F."

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    A single clonal lineage of transmissible cancer identified in two marine mussel species in South America and Europe
    (eLife, 2019-11-08) Yonemitsu, Marisa A.; Giersch, Rachael M.; Polo-Prieto, Maria; Hammel, Maurine; Simon, Alexis; Cremonte, Florencia; Avilés, Fernando T.; Merino-Véliz, Nicolás; Burioli, Erika A.V.; Muttray, Annette F.; Sherry, James; Reinisch, Carol; Baldwin, Susan A.; Goff, Stephen P.; Houssin, Maryline; Arriagada, Gloria; Vázquez, Nuria; Bierne, Nicolas; Metzger, Michael J.
    Transmissible cancers, in which cancer cells themselves act as an infectious agent, have been identified in Tasmanian devils, dogs, and four bivalves. We investigated a disseminated neoplasia affecting geographically distant populations of two species of mussels (Mytilus chilensis in South America and M. edulis in Europe). Sequencing alleles from four loci (two nuclear and two mitochondrial) provided evidence of transmissible cancer in both species. Phylogenetic analysis of cancer-associated alleles and analysis of diagnostic SNPs showed that cancers in both species likely arose in a third species of mussel (M. trossulus), but these cancer cells are independent from the previously identified transmissible cancer in M. trossulus from Canada. Unexpectedly, cancers from M. chilensis and M. edulis are nearly identical, showing that the same cancer lineage affects both. Thus, a single transmissible cancer lineage has crossed into two new host species and has been transferred across the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and between the Northern and Southern hemispheres
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    Activation of transcription and retrotransposition of a novel retroelement, Steamer, in neoplastic hemocytes of the mollusk Mya arenaria
    (National Academy of Sciences, 2014-09) Arriagada, Gloria; Metzger, Michael J.; Muttray, Annette F.; Sherry, James; Reinisch, Carol; Street, Craig; Lipkin, W. Ian; Goff, Stephen P.
    Bivalve mollusks of the North Atlantic, most prominently the soft shell clam Mya arenaria, are afflicted with an epidemic transmissible disease of the circulatory system closely resembling leukemia. The disease is characterized by a dramatic expansion of blast-like cells in the hemolymph with high mitotic index. Examination of hemolymph of diseased clams revealed high levels of reverse transcriptase activity, the hallmark of retroviruses and retroelements. By deep sequencing of RNAs from hemolymph, we identified transcripts of a novel retroelement, here named Steamer. The DNA of the element is marked by long terminal repeats and encodes a single large protein with similarity to mammalian retroviral Gag-Pol proteins. Steamer mRNA levels were specifically elevated in diseased hemocytes, and high expression was correlated with disease status. DNA copy number per genome was present at enormously high levels in diseased hemocytes, indicative of extensive reverse transcription and retrotransposition. Steamer activation in M. arenaria is an example of a catastrophic induction of genetic instability that may initiate or advance the course of leukemia.