Examinando por Autor "Orellana-Donoso, Mathias"
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Ítem Anatomical characteristics, relations, and clinical considerations of the facial index and cephalic index in young chileans aged between 18 and 21 years(Universidad de la Frontera, 2023-12) Milos-Brandenberg, Daniel; Espinoza González, Dámaso; Valenzuela-Fuenzalida, Juan José; Nova-Baeza, Pablo; Orellana-Donoso, MathiasHumans throughout history have shown similarities between both their cephalic and facial complexion, among certain ethnic groups, due to genetic and demographic factors. Several studies have demonstrated the different constitutions of specific groups of people in order to generate data of a certain population or group. The present research aims to preliminarily study the existence of possible relations between Cephalic Index and Facial Index among categories of individuals in an odontology student population from a private university in Santiago, Chile. Empirical, descriptive, and cross-sectional study. In this study, 129 students with age range 18-21 were taken as subjects in a non-probabilistic way. Regarding Cephalic Index (CI), the Retzius classification was used, and the Facial Index (FI) was measured considering the maximum height of the face, from nasion to gnathion (Na-Gn), and the maximum width, from right zygion to left zygion (Zr-Zl). In this study, 129 people were taken as sample, 82 females and 47 males. Among women, the most predominant cephalic biotype was brachycephalic (59.8 %), followed by mesocephalic (37.8 %), and dolichocephalic (2.4 %). On the other hand, men’s most common biotype was mesocephalic (57.5 %), followed by brachycephalic (36.2 %), and dolichocephalic (6.4 %). Regarding facial biotype, both in female and male subjects the following pattern was shown: euryprosopic (F: 59.7 %, M: 59.6 %), mesoprosopic (F: 26.8 %, M: 29.8 %), and leptoprosopic (F: 13.4 %, M: 10.6 %). Facial parameters of the subjects (odontology students from a Chilean university) tend to be mostly euryprosopic, followed by mesoprosopic and leptoprosopic. Additionally, mesocephalic biotypes tend to be similar to other studies conducted in Chile. © 2023, Universidad de la Frontera. All rights reserved.Ítem Clinical Characteristics of Neuropathic Pain and Its Relationship with Cancer in Different Corporal Areas—A Systematic Review(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 0025-01) Danés-López, Fernanda; Diaz-Palominos, Cristóbal; Ortiz Domínguez, Anggie; Silva Rodriguez, Alanna; Astorga, Constanza; Martínez-Hernández, Daniela; Valenzuela-Fuenzalida, Juan Jose; Sanchis-Gimeno, Juan; Nova-Baeza, Pablo; Suazo-Santibáñez, Alejandra; Oyanedel-Amaro, Gustavo; Orellana-Donoso, MathiasBackground: Neuropathic pain (NP) and cancer are caused by nerve damage due to cancer or treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, with a prevalence that can reach up to 40%. Causes of neuropathic cancer pain (NCP) include direct nerve invasion or compression by the tumor, as well as neural toxicity associated with treatments. This type of pain is classified into several categories, such as plexopathy, radiculopathy, and peripheral neuropathies. Methods: Medline, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and LILACS databases were searched until October 2024. Two authors independently performed the search, study selection, and data extraction. Methodological quality was analyzed using the Robins-I tool. Results: The main findings of this review indicate that, depending on the cancer type, neuropathic pain will exhibit different characteristics, as well as identifying which types of cancer have a higher probability of presenting neuropathic pain. Additionally, there is a direct relationship whereby the more advanced the cancer, the greater the likelihood of experiencing neuropathic pain. Finally, although chemotherapy is employed as a cancer treatment, this therapy is quite invasive, and one of its adverse effects is that treated patients have a higher probability of developing neuropathic pain. Conclusions: Neuropathic pain is a condition that adversely affects patients with cancer. A detailed understanding of the relationships and triggers that produce this condition is present in only a small percentage of patients with cancer and is necessary to provide better treatment and gain a more comprehensive understanding of the characteristics of neuropathic pain. The objective of this study is to describe the relationship between different types of cancer or various treatments and the presence of NP. © 2025 by the authors.Ítem Clinical Characteristics of Neuropathic Pain and Its Relationship with Cancer in Different Corporal Areas—A Systematic Review(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 0025-01) Danés-López, Fernanda; Diaz-Palominos, Cristóbal; Ortiz Domínguez, Anggie; Silva Rodriguez, Alanna; Astorga, Constanza; Martínez-Hernández, Daniela; Valenzuela-Fuenzalida, Juan Jose; Sanchis-Gimeno, Juan; Nova-Baeza, Pablo; Suazo-Santibáñez, Alejandra; Oyanedel-Amaro, Gustavo; Orellana-Donoso, MathiasBackground: Neuropathic pain (NP) and cancer are caused by nerve damage due to cancer or treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, with a prevalence that can reach up to 40%. Causes of neuropathic cancer pain (NCP) include direct nerve invasion or compression by the tumor, as well as neural toxicity associated with treatments. This type of pain is classified into several categories, such as plexopathy, radiculopathy, and peripheral neuropathies. Methods: Medline, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and LILACS databases were searched until October 2024. Two authors independently performed the search, study selection, and data extraction. Methodological quality was analyzed using the Robins-I tool. Results: The main findings of this review indicate that, depending on the cancer type, neuropathic pain will exhibit different characteristics, as well as identifying which types of cancer have a higher probability of presenting neuropathic pain. Additionally, there is a direct relationship whereby the more advanced the cancer, the greater the likelihood of experiencing neuropathic pain. Finally, although chemotherapy is employed as a cancer treatment, this therapy is quite invasive, and one of its adverse effects is that treated patients have a higher probability of developing neuropathic pain. Conclusions: Neuropathic pain is a condition that adversely affects patients with cancer. A detailed understanding of the relationships and triggers that produce this condition is present in only a small percentage of patients with cancer and is necessary to provide better treatment and gain a more comprehensive understanding of the characteristics of neuropathic pain. The objective of this study is to describe the relationship between different types of cancer or various treatments and the presence of NP. © 2025 by the authors.Ítem Double Transverse Foramina—An Anatomical Basis for Possible Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency Risk and Vertebral Artery Injury(MDPI, 2023-10) Tuncel Çini, Nilgün; Nalla, Shahed; Mata-Escolano, Federico; Blanco-Perez, Esther; Valenzuela-Fuenzalida, Juan José; Orellana-Donoso, Mathias; Sanchis-Gimeno, Juan A.Cervical vertebrae may exhibit the anomalous presence of a double transverse foramen (DTF) that may impact the anatomy of related structures that traverse the cervical region, such as the vertebral artery (VA). This retrospective anatomical study utilized CT angiography cervical scans to examine the prevalence of DTF, VA, and TF areas. The subjects were separated into two groups: normal TF (NTF group; 26 males and 21 females) and double TF (DTF group; 21 males and 24 females). The males presented significantly higher TF area values (30.31 ± 4.52 mm2) than the females (27.48 ± 1.69 mm2) in the NTF group (p = 0.006). The sex differences disappeared when a DTF was present (p = 0.662). There were no differences in the VA area values between the sexes in both the NTF and DTF groups (p = 0.184). No significant differences in the VA area values between males of the NTF and DTF groups (p = 0.485) were noted. The DTF subjects presented an increased VA/TF area ratio than the NTF subjects (p < 0.001). This study showed that DTF presence reduced the TF area. In contrast, the VA area did not change despite the decreasing TF area. This might be an anatomical risk for transient vertebrobasilar insufficiency in subjects with DTF, especially in females, because VA space in the TF is less in DTF subjects than in NTF subjects. This may lead to easy VA compression in DTF subjects following neck trauma.Ítem Effectiveness of alpha-lipoic acid in patients with neuropathic pain associated with type i and type II diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-Analysis(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2023-11) Orellana-Donoso, Mathias; López-Chaparro, Michelle; Barahona-Vásquez, Marisol; Santana-Machuca, Andrés; Bruna-Mejias, Alejandro; Nova-Baeza, Pablo; Valenzuela-Fuenzalida, Juan JoséBackground: This systematic review explores the most current evidence regarding the mechanisms of neuropathic pain in patients with different types of diabetes and how this pain affects different functional and structural components of the neuroanatomical pain pathways. The review also seeks to provide guidelines for the best approach and treatment for patients experiencing this type of pain. The objective is to determine the effectiveness of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) in improving functional and symptomatic outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus type I and type II. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) in improving functional and symptomatic outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus type I and type II. Methods: We systematically search MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, SCOPUS, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Web of Science databases. Results: The findings of this review show that different forms of ALA do not present statistically significant changes for any of the scales included, including total symptom score (standardized mean difference [SMD] =-3.59, confidence interval [CI] =-4.16 to-3.02, and P <.00001), neuropathy impairment score (SMD =-1.42, CI =-3.68 to 0.84, and P =.22), and neuropathy symptom checklist (SMD =-0.09, CI =-0.15 to-0.02, and P =.01). Conclusion: In comparison to the use of a placebo, the findings suggest that ALA does not exhibit significant differences in terms of pain reduction and different functional scales. Moreover, no specific dosages are identified to support the use of ALA for the reduction of neuropathic pain. © 2023 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved.Ítem Incidence and Clinical Implications of Anatomical Variations in the Pancreas and Its Ductal System: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2023-08) Orellana-Donoso, Mathias; Milos-Brandenberg, Daniel; Benavente-Urtubia, Andoni; Guerra-Loyola, Javier; Bruna-Mejias, Alejandro; Nova-Baeza, Pablo; Becerra-Farfán, Álvaro; Sepulveda-Loyola, Walter; Luque-Bernal, Ricardo Miguel; Valenzuela-Fuenzalida, Juan JoséObjective: This systematic review analyzes the anatomical variants in the pancreas and its ductal system to report on their association with pancreatic pathologies. Methods: We conducted a search of the MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and LILACS databases from their inception to July 2023. The methodological quality was assessed with the Anatomical Quality Assessment (AQUA) tool. Finally, the pooled prevalence was estimated using a random effects model. Results: 55 studies were found that met the eligibility criteria. The overall prevalence of pancreas divisum (PD) was 18% (95% CI = 15–21%). The prevalence of PD associated with pancreatitis was 30% (95% CI = 1–61%). Conclusions: An anatomical variant of the pancreas such as PD may be the cause of bile duct obstruction, resulting in various clinical complications, such as pancreatitis. Hence, knowing this variant is extremely important for surgeons, especially for those who treat the gastroduodenal region.Ítem Prevalence and Clinical Consideration of Anatomical Variants of the Splenic Artery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis(MDPI, 2023-03) Valenzuela-Fuenzalida, Juan José; Martínez-Hernández, Daniela; Pérez-Jiménez, Daniela; Baeza, Pablo Nova; Becerra-Farfan, Álvaro; Orellana-Donoso, Mathias; Mejias, Alejandro Bruna; Syed, Qareen Hania; Luengo, Macarena Rodriguez; Iwanaga, JoeBackground: The spleen is the largest secondary immune organ in the body. Knowledge regarding the normal splenic vascular anatomy and its anatomical variants is crucial in the medical practice of surgeons and radiologists and is useful for diagnostic evaluations and the guidance of various surgical procedures. Hence, in this research, we aim to characterize the behavior of the lineal or splenic artery in humans from an anatomoclinical point of view. Methods: A systematic search was carried out in electronic databases to compile the available literature on the research subject. Searches were undertaken in the following databases: Medline, Scielo, Wos, Cinahl, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The search terms were “Splenic artery”, “Splenic vascularization”, “Anatomical variations’’, “Splenic organ”, and “Clinical anatomy”. Results: From the 35 studies included in this review, clinical correlations of anatomical variations in the splenic artery with surgical procedures in the abdominal region were reported in 8 studies. These correlations are mainly associated with surgical procedures for the pancreas, liver, stomach, and bile ducts through imaging of the spleen. To verify our conclusions, the risk of bias of the anatomical studies was measured using the AQUA checklist. Conclusions: Recognition of the usual anatomy and anatomical variants of the splenic artery is crucial for both morphology professionals and clinicians addressing the abdominal region and its vascular components. In this review, we determined that the splenic artery could present a variation in its origin or entry into the splenic hilum, which could mean that in any abdominal intervention there may be complications if the splenic artery variation is overlooked. More anatomic clinical studies considering this variation in both diagnostic and surgical processes are suggested for further investigations.Ítem Prevalence of the Bifid Mandibular Condyle and Its Relationship with Pathologies of the Temporomandibular Joint: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis(MDPI, 2023-10) Valenzuela-Fuenzalida, Juan José; Navarro, Kora-lle Keller; Urbina, Pia; Trujillo-Riveros, Martin; Nova-Baeza, Pablo; Orellana-Donoso, Mathias; Rodriguez-Luengo, Macarena; Beccerra Farfan, Alvaro; Sanchis-Gimeno, Juan A.The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of anatomical variants in the bifid mandibular condyle (BMC) and report its association with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pathology. Methods: We searched the Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and LILACS databases from their inception up to September 2023. Two authors independently performed the search, study selection, and data extraction, and they also assessed the methodological quality with an assurance tool for anatomical studies (AQUA). Finally, the pooled prevalence was estimated using a random effects model. Results: A total of 50 studies met the eligibility criteria. Twenty studies, with a total of 88,625 subjects, were included in the meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of the bifid mandibular condyle (BMC) variant was 1% (95% CI = 1% to 2%). Conclusions: The correlation between the BMC and TMJ pathologies has a relatively low prevalence in studies that present a considerable number of subjects. From a clinical point of view, a direct association cannot be made between the presence of the BMC and TMJ pathologies or symptoms.