Examinando por Autor "Ramírez Campillo, Rodrigo"

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    Ítem
    Characterizing the interindividual postexercise hypotension response for two order groups of concurrent training in patients with morbid obesity
    (Frontiers Media S.A., 2022-10-10) Álvarez, Cristian; Guede Rojas, Francisco; Ramírez Campillo, Rodrigo; Andrade, David C.; Vásquez Gómez, Jaime; Rodríguez Rodríguez, Fernando; Ciolac, Emmanuel Gomes; Caamaño Navarrete, Felipe; Delgado Floody, Pedro
    Background: Postexercise hypotension (PEH) is a common physiological phenomenon occurring immediately after endurance training (ET), resistance training (RT), and ET plus RT, also termed concurrent training (CT); however, there is little knowledge about the interindividual and magnitude response of PEH in morbidly obese patients. Aim: The aims of this study were (1) to investigate the effect of CT order (ET + RT vs. RT + ET) on the blood pressure responses; 2) characterize these responses in responders and nonresponders, and 3) identify potential baseline outcomes for predicting blood pressure decreases as responders. Methods: A quasi-experimental study developed in sedentary morbidly obese men and women (age 43.6 ± 11.3 years; body mass index [BMI] ≥40 kg/m2) was assigned to a CT group of ET plus RT (ET + RT; n = 19; BMI 47.8 ± 16.7) or RT plus ET order group (RT + ET; n = 17; BMI 43.0 ± 8.0). Subjects of both groups received eight exercise sessions over four weeks. Primary outcomes include systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), mean arterial pressure [MAP], heart rate at rest [HR], and pulse pressure [PP] measurements before and after 10 min post-exercise. Secondary outcomes were other anthropometric, body composition, metabolic, and physical fitness parameters. Using the delta ∆SBP reduction, quartile categorization (Q) in “high” (Rs: quartile 4), “moderate” (MRs: quartile 3), “low” (LRs: quartile 2), and “nonresponders” (NRs: quartile 1) was reported. Results: Significant pre–post changes were observed in ET + RT in session 2 for SBP (131.6 vs. 123.4 mmHg, p = 0.050) and session 4 (131.1 vs. 125.2 mmHg, p = 0.0002), while the RT + ET group showed significant reductions in session 4 (134.2 vs. 125.3 mmHg, p < 0.001). No significant differences were detected in the sum of the eight sessions for SBP (∑∆SBP) between ET + RT vs. RT + ET (−5.7 vs. −4.3 mmHg, p = 0.552). Interindividual analyses revealed significant differences among frequencies comparing Q1 “NRs” (n = 8; 22.2%), Q2 “LRs” (n = 8; 22.2%), Q3 “MRs” (n = 9; 25.0%), and Q4 “HRs” (n = 11; 30.5%), p < 0.0001. Quartile comparisons showed significant differences in SBP changes (p = 0.035). Linear regression analyses revealed significant association between ∑∆SBP with body fat % (β –3.826, R2 0.211 [21.1%], p = 0.031), skeletal muscle mass [β –2.150, R2 0.125 (12.5%), p = 0.023], fasting glucose [β 1.273, R2 0.078 (7.8%), p = 0.003], triglycerides [β 0.210, R2 0.014 (1.4%), p = 0.008], and the 6-min walking test [β 0.183, R2 0.038 (3.8%), p = 0.044]. Conclusion: The CT order of ET + RT and RT + ET promote a similar ‘magnitude’ in the postexercise hypotensive effects during the eight sessions of both CT orders in 4 weeks of training duration, revealing “nonresponders” and ‘high’ responders that can be predicted from body composition, metabolic, and physical fitness outcomes. Copyright © 2022 Álvarez, Guede-Rojas, Ramírez-Campillo, Andrade, Vásquez-Gómez, Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Ciolac, Caamaño-Navarrete and Delgado-Floody.
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    Dynamic circadian fluctuations of glycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    (BioMed Central Ltd, 2022-12) Vásquez Muñoz, Manuel; Arce Álvarez, Alexis; Álvarez, Cristian; Ramírez Campillo, Rodrigo; Crespo, Fernando A.; Arias, Dayana; Salazar Ardiles, Camila; Izquierdo, Mikel; Andrade, David C.
    Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) has glucose variability that is of such relevance that the appearance of vascular complications in patients with DM has been attributed to hyperglycemic and dysglycemic events. It is known that T1D patients mainly have glycemic variability with a specific oscillatory pattern with specific circadian characteristics for each patient. However, it has not yet been determined whether an oscillation pattern represents the variability of glycemic in T2D. This is why our objective is to determine the characteristics of glycemic oscillations in T2D and generate a robust predictive model. Results: Showed that glycosylated hemoglobin, glycemia, and body mass index were all higher in patients with T2D than in controls (all p < 0.05). In addition, time in hyperglycemia and euglycemia was markedly higher and lower in the T2D group (p < 0.05), without significant differences for time in hypoglycemia. Standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and total power of glycemia were significantly higher in the T2D group than Control group (all p < 0.05). The oscillatory patterns were significantly different between groups (p = 0.032): the control group was mainly distributed at 2–3 and 6 days, whereas the T2D group showed a more homogeneous distribution across 2–3-to-6 days. Conclusions: The predictive model of glycemia showed that it is possible to accurately predict hyper- and hypoglycemia events. Thus, T2D patients exhibit specific oscillatory patterns of glycemic control, which are possible to predict. These findings may help to improve the treatment of DM by considering the individual oscillatory patterns of patients. © 2022, The Author(s).
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    Ítem
    Efectos de un programa de entrenamiento físico localizado sobre la distribución regional del tejido adiposo
    (Universidad Andrés Bello, 2006) Ramírez Campillo, Rodrigo; Morales, Isabel; Facultad de Ciencias de la Rehabilitación
    No existe evidencia para una liberación preferencial de ácidos grasos desde el tejido adiposo directamente posicionado sobre un músculo activ012. En el año 2000, McArdle, W. en su libro "Essentials of Exercise Physiology" señala lo siguiente: "Reducción Localizada: ¿Funciona?"2. Dos años más tarde, en su libro "Exercise physiology: energy, nutrition and human performance" señala: LA REDUCCION LOCALIZADA NO FUNCIONA1. La noción de pérdida de grasa localizada emana de la creencia que indica que ejercitando un músculo específico (incremento en su actividad metabólica) se facilita una movilización de grasa relativamente mayor a partir de! tejido adiposo en proximidad al músculo ejercitado 2. Por tanto, ejercitar un área corporal específica debería reducir en forma selectiva más grasa desde esa área en comparación a un ejercicio realizado con un diferente grupo muscular, pero de igual coste calórico.