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Association Between Hearing Loss Suspect with Diabetes and Arterial Hypertension Risk Under Different Body Composition Phenotypes: Results from the Chilean National Health Survey 2016-17
(Nevzat Demirci, 2024-01) Alvarez, Cristian; Toloza-Ramírez, David; Martínez-Ulloa, Lorena; Flores-Bustos, Carolina; Flores-Riquelme, Arturo
Purpose: 1) To characterize the glucose and blood pressure control in HLS adult participants based on four body composition phenotypes models from the Chilean National Health Survey 2016-17. 2) to associate the HLS and body composition phenotypes (based on calf and waist circumference [WC]) with arterial hypertension and diabetes markers. Method: A quantitative cross-sectional study based on the Chilean National Health Survey 2016-17, reporting adults with/without HLS based on four different phenotypes was carried out by the epidemiological group of the Institute of Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences of the Universidad Andres bello, Chile (ICER-UNAB). Groups were as follows; Low skeletal muscle [SMM] and high waist circumference [WC] (Lsmm−Hwc, n=278), Low SMM and low WC (Lsmm−Lwc, n=479), High SMM and high WC (Hsmm−Hwc, n=2140), and High SMM and low WC (Hsmm−Lwc, n=2709). The primary outcomes were fasting plasma glucose, systolic, and diastolic blood pressure. Findings: In systolic blood pressure, there were significant differences between each Lsmm−Hwc (150 vs. 123 mmHg), Lsmm−Lwc (140 vs. 123 mmHg), and Hsmm−Hwc vs. the Reference group (145 vs. 123 mmHg, all P<0.0001). Systolic blood pressure reported significant Group x HLS interaction F (3.33), P=0.019, ES 0.004. In diastolic blood pressure, there were significant differences between each Lsmm−Hwc (74 vs. 72 mmHg) and Hsmm−Hwc vs. the Reference group (76 vs. 72 mmHg, both P<0.0001). Diastolic blood pressure reported significant Group x HLS interaction F (4.49), P=0.004, ES 0.005. Chilean adults with HLS, low SMM and high waist circumference shows a higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
Effects of Sand Surface Plyometric and Sprint Training on Physical and Technical Skill Performance in Beach Handball Players
(Termedia Publishing House Ltd., 2024) Sáez de Villarreal, Eduardo; Rascón, Pedro Bago; Ortega Becerra, Manuel; Calleja-González, Julio; Alcaraz, Pedro E.; Feito-Blanco, Javier; Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo e
This study compared the effects of a 6-week combined plyometric and sprint-training program on the sand to regular preseason training, on the athletic performance and technical actions of beach handball (BH) players. Athletes were randomly assigned either to the control (CG, n = 12; BH training only) or the experimental group (EG, n = 12; plyometric + sprint + BH training). Assessments conducted before and after the training period included a squat jump, a countermovement jump, the Abalakov jump, a 15-m sprint, a modified Course-Navette endurance test, and four sportspecific BH throwing speed tests: a standing penalty throw, a 3-step running throw, a jump throw, and a 360º jump throw. The training intervention enhanced all athletic performance measures (all, p < 0.05). In contrast, the only improvement in the CG included endurance performance (p < 0.05). Significant time-group differences were noted in favor of the EG compared to the CG (p < 0.05) in the squat jump, the countermovement jump, the Abalakov jump, the jump throw velocity and 360º jump throw velocity. In conclusion, compared to BH regular training, 6 weeks of sand surface preseason plyometric and sprint training combined with regular BH training induced greater improvements in athletic performance and specific skills in BH players.
Factors associated to the market value of professional soccer players
(Universidad de Murcia Servicio de Publicaciones, 2022) Sánchez, Mario; Orgaz, Begoña; Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo; Nakamura, Fabio Yuzo; Luis-Pereira, Jesús María; Carretero, Manuel; Sánchez-Sánchez, Javier
The objective of this study was analysed to the market value (MV) of professional soccer players from Top-5 European Soccer Leagues. An ANOVA analysed the effect of the independent variables on the MV of the soccer players, with p<0.01. Soccer players from the Premier League (PL) showed greater MV compared to other leagues. Foreign soccer players showed greater MV compared to national soccer players. Soccer players between 21-30 years showed greater MV compared to those <21 and >30 years. Forward and midfielders showed greater MV compared to goalkeepers and backs. Soccer players that represented their countries at international matches showed greater MV compared to those that did not. The soccer players with a youth background formation in their clubs in the Premier League and La Liga showed greater MV compared to soccer players coming from other clubs. In conclusion, extrinsic factors affect the MV of soccer players. Research results may be useful to the sport managers in the selection of professional soccer players. © Copyright 2018: Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia
Can complex contrast training interventions improve aerobic endurance, maximal strength, and repeated sprint ability in soccer players? A systematic review and meta-analysis
(Montenegrin Sports Academy, 2022) Thapa, Rohit K.; Narvariya, Pushpendra; Weldon, Anthony; Talukdar, Kaushik; Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of complex contrast training (CT) on aerobic endurance, maximal strength, and repeated sprint ability (RSA) in soccer players. After an electronic search, nine peer-reviewed articles were considered, including soccer players from junior to professional-level (age 14 – 23 years). One study was conducted during the pre-season, seven studies during the in-season, and one study during the off-season period of a competitive schedule. The studies included were of moderate to high methodological quality (PEDro scale) and incorporated CT with soccer practice. Large significant improvements (ES = 1.30; 95% CI = 0.61 – 2.00; p < 0.001; I2 = 80.6%) for maximal strength, and small non-significant improvements for aerobic endurance (ES = 0.33; 95% CI = -0.19 – 0.85; p = 0.209; I2 = 0.0%) and RSA (ES = 0.32; 95% CI = -0.12 – 0.75; p = 0.156; I2 = 0.0%) were noted for CT groups when compared to active or specific-active control groups. Therefore, supplementing regular soccer training with CT induces adaptations to improve maximal strength. CT may be implemented during the pre-season and in-season to induce adaptations similar to traditional strength training (e.g., maximal strength gains), although alternative training strategies may be needed to further improve aerobic endurance and RSA. The use of CT may be applicable during different periods of the season to achieve certain goals, e.g., pre and in-season for maximal strength development, and off-season to attenuate the decline of strength or power. © 2022 by the author(s). License MSA, Podgorica, Montenegro. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY).
Hypoxic peripheral chemoreflex stimulation-dependent cardiorespiratory coupling is decreased in swimmer athletes
(American Physiological Society, 2024-01) Andrade, David C.; Arce-Álvarez, Alexis; Salazar-Ardiles, Camila; Toledo, Camilo; Guerrero-Henriquez, Juan; Alvarez, Cristian; Vasquez-Muñoz, Manuel; Izquierdo, Mikel; Millet, Gregoire P.
Swimmer athletes showed a decreased ventilatory response and reduced sympathetic activation during peripheral hypoxic chemoreflex stimulation. Based on these observations, we hypothesized that swimmers develop a diminished cardiorespiratory coupling due to their decreased hypoxic peripheral response. To resolve this hypothesis, we conducted a study using coherence time-varying analysis to assess the cardiorespiratory coupling in swimmer athletes. We recruited 12 trained swimmers and 12 control subjects for our research. We employed wavelet time-varying spectral coherence analysis to examine the relationship between the respiratory frequency (Rf) and the heart rate (HR) time series during normoxia and acute chemoreflex activation induced by five consecutive inhalations of 100% N2. Comparing swimmers to control subjects, we observed a significant reduction in the hypoxic ventilatory responses to N2 in swimmers (0.012 ± 0.001 vs. 0.015 ± 0.001 ΔVE/ΔVO2, and 0.365 ± 0.266 vs. 1.430 ± 0.961 ΔVE/ΔVCO2/ΔSpO2, both p < 0.001, swimmers vs. control, respectively). Furthermore, the coherence at the LF cutoff during hypoxia was significantly lower in swimmers compared to control subjects (20.118 ± 3.502 vs. 24.935 ± 3.832 area under curve [AUC], p < 0.012, respectively). Our findings strongly indicate that due to their diminished chemoreflex control, swimmers exhibited a substantial decrease in cardiorespiratory coupling during hypoxic stimulation. © 2024 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Physiological Society and the American Physiological Society.
Unique case study: Impact of single-session neuromuscular biofeedback on motor unit properties following 12 days of Achilles tendon surgical repair
(American Physiological Society, 2024-01) De la Fuente, Carlos; Silvestre, Rony; Botello, Julio; Neira, Alejandro; Soldan, Macarena; Carpes, Felipe P.
We explored the first evidence of a single-session neuromuscular biofeedback effect on motor unit properties, neuromuscular activation, and the Achilles tendon (AT) length 12 days after undergoing AT surgical repair. We hypothesized that immediate neuromuscular biofeedback enhances motor unit properties and activation without causing AT lengthening. After 12 days AT surgical repair, Medial Gastrocnemius (MG) motor unit decomposition was performed on a 58-year-old male before and after a neuromuscular biofeedback intervention (surface electromyography (sEMG) and ultrasonography), involving unressited plantar flexion. The analysis included motor unit population properties, sEMG amplitude, force paradigm, and AT length. There were increased MG motor unit recruitment, peak and average firing rate, coefficient of variation, and sEMG amplitude, and decreased recruitment and derecruitment threshold in the repaired AT limb. The non-injured limb increased the motor unit recruitment, and decreased the coefficient of variation, peak and average firing rate, inter-pulse interval, derecruitment threshold and sEMG amplitude. The AT length experienced −0.4 and 0.3 cm changes in the repaired AT and non-injured limb, respectively. This single-session neuromuscular biofeedback 12 days after AT surgery shows evidence of enhanced motor unit properties and activation without signs of AT lengthening when unresisted plantar flexion is performed in the repaired AT limb. © 2024 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Physiological Society and the American Physiological Society.
Psychophysiological responses to real and simulated professional bullfighting: a case study
(Federacion Espanola de Docentes de Educacion Fisica, 2024) del Pino, Luis Teba; Aguilar, José Antonio Robles; Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo; de Villarreal, Eduardo Sáez
The aim of this study was to analyze variables associated with the performance of the bullfighter during the bullfight and tentadero (training for a real bullfight). Participants were monitored during both an official bullfight and a tentadero . Heart rate param- eters were recorded with pulsometers , distance travelled, speeds and accelerations were recorded with GPS technology and anxiety was assessed with CSAI 2R questionnaire. Significant differences were found in the subscale of self confidence between bul lfight and tentadero (P=0.037; 5.36%). HR parameters reached by the bullfighter varied depending on the bull. Significant differences were obtained between the first bull and the second bull in maximal heart rate (P=0.010; 2.69%), and TRIMPs (P=0.022; 5.41%). There were no significant differences in the average speed reached during each fight, and the average speed the bullfighter maintai ned during the bullfight was around 2 km/h. In conclusion physical preparat ion may affect pre competiti ve anxiety level s and the characteristics of the bull could affect bullfighter’s performance. The recording of HR, mechanical load and anxiety enables to customize training loads based on the performance shown during bullfighting.
Association Between Anthropometric Dimensions of Trunk and Spirometry Indices
(Universidad de la Frontera, 2023-04) Manríquez Villarroel, Pablo; Tuesta, Marcelo; Reyes Ponce, Álvaro; Núñez Burgos, Claudio
The purposes of the present study were first to evaluate the association between anthropometric dimensions of the thorax and trunk with spirometric indices, second, to fit a prediction equation with anthropometric dimensions of the trunk, and third, to compare our predictive model with two diagnostic equations. Fifty-nine university students between 20 and 40 years old, of both sexes and non-smokers were recruited. Variables considered were age, sex, weight, height, chest transverse diameter, chest anteroposterior diameter, chest perimeter, chest height, trunk height, maximum expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). Multiple regression analysis was used to estimate spirometric values based on demographic and anthropometric variables. FVC and FEV1 have a direct linear association with chest transverse diameter, chest height, chest circumference, and trunk height. A multiple linear regression equation was fitted, indicating that it is possible to estimate FVC and FEV1 as a function of trunk height and chest girth for both sexes. These variables can explain 74% of the FVC values and 68% of the FEV1 values. Comparing the values obtained by our predictive equations with the national reference equations, we observe that our results are closer to those of Quanjer et al. (2012) than to those of Knudson et al. (1983). Trunk height and chest circumference have a direct association with FEV1 and FVC and are good predictors of FEV1 and FVC in university students. Our estimated values are closer to Quanjer et al. (2012) than Knudson et al. (1983) prediction equations. © 2023, Universidad de la Frontera. All rights reserved.
Hand-Arm Bimanual Intensive Therapy Including Lower Extremities (HABIT-ILE) in adults with chronic stroke: Protocol of a randomised controlled trial
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2023) Ebner-Karestinos, Daniela; Gathy, Estelle; Carton De Tournai, Astrid; Herman, Enimie; Araneda, Rodrigo; Dricot, Laurence; Macq, Benoît; Vandermeeren, Yves; Bleyenheuft, Yannick
Introduction Stroke causes multiple deficits including motor, sensitive and cognitive impairments, affecting also individual's social participation and independence in activities of daily living (ADL) impacting their quality of life. It has been widely recommended to use goal-oriented interventions with a high amount of task-specific repetitions. These interventions are generally focused only on the upper or lower extremities separately, despite the impairments are observed at the whole-body level and ADL are both frequently bimanual and may require moving around. This highlights the need for interventions targeting both upper and lower extremities. This protocol presents the first adaptation of Hand-Arm Bimanual Intensive Therapy Including Lower Extremities (HABIT-ILE) for adults with acquired hemiparesis. Methods and analysis This randomised controlled trial will include 48 adults with chronic stroke, aged ≥40 years. This study will compare the effect of 50 hours of HABIT-ILE against usual motor activity and regular rehabilitation. HABIT-ILE will be provided in a 2-week, adult's day-camp setting, promoting functional tasks and structured activities. These tasks will continuously progress by increasing their difficulty. Assessed at baseline, 3 weeks after and at 3 months, the primary outcome will be the adults-assisting-hand-assessment stroke; secondary outcomes include behavioural assessments for hand strength and dexterity, a motor learning robotic medical device for quality of bimanual motor control, walking endurance, questionnaires of ADL, stroke impact on participation and self-determined patient-relevant goals, besides neuroimaging measures. Ethics and dissemination This study has full ethical approval from the Comité d'éthique Hospitalo-Facultaire/Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels (reference number: 2013/01MAR/069) and the local medical Ethical Committee of the CHU UCL Namur-site Godinne. Recommendations of the ethical board and the Belgian law of 7 May 2004, concerning human experiments will be followed. Participants will sign a written informed consent ahead of participation. Findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations. Trial registration number NCT04664673. © 2023 BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
Strategies used to manage overlap of primary study data by exercise-related overviews: protocol for a systematic methodological review
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2023-04) Gutierrez-Arias, Ruvistay; Pieper, Dawid; Lunny, Carole; Torres-Castro, Rodrigo; Aguilera-Eguía, Raúl; Seron, Pamela
Introduction One of the most conflicting methodological issues when conducting an overview is the overlap of primary studies across systematic reviews (SRs). Overlap in the pooled effect estimates across SRs may lead to overly precise effect estimates in the overview. SRs that focus on exercise-related interventions are often included in overviews aimed at grouping and determining the effectiveness of various interventions for managing specific health conditions. The aim of this systematic methodological review is to describe the strategies used by authors of overviews focusing on exercise-related interventions to manage the overlap of primary studies. Methods and analysis A comprehensive search strategy has been developed for different databases and their platforms. The databases to be consulted will be MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Cochrane Library) and Epistemonikos. Two reviewers will independently screen the records identified through the search strategy and extract the information from the included overviews. The frequency and the type of overlap management strategies of the primary studies included in the SRs will be considered as the main outcome. In addition, the recognition of the lack of use of any overlap management strategy and the congruence between planning and conducting the overview focusing on overlap management strategies will be assessed. A subgroup analysis will be carried out according to the journal impact factor, year of publication and compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Overviews of Reviews statement. Ethics and dissemination This study will not involve human subjects and therefore does not require ethics committee approval. However, the conduct and reporting of the findings of this review will be conducted in a rigorous, systematic and transparent manner, which relates to research ethics. The findings of this review will be presented at scientific conferences and published as one or more studies in peer-review scientific journals related to rehabilitation or research methods. © 2023 Author(s). Published by BMJ.
Influence of Probe Position in the Measurement of Muscle Thickness and its Association with Lean Mass: an Ultrasound Study
(Universidad de la Frontera, 2023-04) Lizama-Pérez, Rodrigo; Muñoz-Cofré, Rodrigo; Vidal-Seguel, Nicolás; Chirosa Ríos, Ignacio; Jerez-Mayorga, Daniel; Intelangelo, Leonardo; Chirosa Ríos, Luis
Skeletal muscles play a fundamental role in people's lives and their evaluation provides significant information on health. Different tools have been used to evaluate muscle mass, and the evaluation of muscle thickness (MT) using ultrasound has been included as an alternative, which can be performed with the probe in different positions; however, these could present differences. The objectives of this study were to determine whether there are differences in the measurement of MT in the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle using the probe in the longitudinal or transverse position, and to determine its association with the lean mass of the lower limbs. The results indicated no significant differences between MT measurements with the probe in the longitudinal and transverse positions (p =0.084). However, when associating these measurements with lower limb lean mass, it was found that transverse measurements had a strong association (r =0.547; p < 0.001), while longitudinal measurements had a moderate association (r =0.351; p =0.007). This suggests that measurements with the probe positioned transversely to measure the MT would be the best option. Therefore, it could be useful as an indicator of lower limb lean mass in the absence of tools, such as bioelectrical bioimpedance or magnetic nuclear resonance. © 2023, Universidad de la Frontera. All rights reserved.
Brisk Walking Pace Is Associated with Better Cardiometabolic Health in Adults: Findings from the Chilean National Health Survey 2016–2017
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2023-04) Cigarroa, Igor; Bravo-Leal, Michelle; Petermann-Rocha, Fanny; Parra-Soto, Solange; Concha-Cisternas, Yeny; Matus-Castillo, Carlos; Vásquez-Gómez, Jaime; Zapata-Lamana, Rafael; Parra-Rizo, María Antonia; Álvarez, Cristian; Celis-Morales, Carlos
Background: Although the importance of walking for promoting a better cardiometabolic health is widely known (this includes both cardiovascular and metabolic/endocrine systems), there is little knowledge regarding its appropriate pace to provide adults with more cardiometabolic benefits. Aim: To analyze the associations between different walking pace categories and cardiometabolic health markers in the adult Chilean population. Methods: Cross-sectional study. A total of 5520 participants aged 15 to 90 years old from the Chilean National Health Survey (CNHS) 2016–2017 were included. Walking pace categories (slow, average, and brisk) were collected through self-reported methods. Glycaemia, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), vitamin D2, vitamin D3, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and lipid profile (Total, HDL, LDL, VLDL, No HDL cholesterol and triglycerides) were determined using blood sample tests and measured with the standardized methods described in the CNHS 2016–2017. Results: People who had a brisk walking pace were associated with lower levels of glycaemia, HbA1c, GGT, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and higher vitamin D3 levels compared with those with a slow walking pace. Moreover, people with a brisk walking pace had lower levels of VLDL cholesterol compared with those with a slow walking pace. However, after adjusting the model to include sociodemographic background, nutritional status, and lifestyle variables, the differences remained only for glycaemia, HbA1c and systolic blood pressure levels. Conclusions: A brisk walking pace was associated with better cardiometabolic health markers and lipid profile compared with a slow walking pace. © 2023 by the authors.
Can Complex Training Improve Acute and Long-Lasting Performance in Basketball Players? A Systematic Review
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024-10) Flórez Gil, Enrique; Vaquera, Alejandro; Ramírez-Campillo, Rodrigo; Sanchez-Sanchez, Javier; Rodríguez Fernández, Alejandro
Basketball demands a sophisticated blend of tactical, technical, physical, and psychological skills, and various methods have been proposed to prepare players for these demands, including resistance training to enhance strength, power, speed, agility, and endurance. Complex training (CT) integrates diverse strength training methodologies by combining heavy-resistance exercises (e.g., squat at 90% of one repetition maximum) with high-velocity movements or plyometrics, both sharing the same biomechanical pattern. However, the optimal application of CT in basketball remains uncertain due to diverse protocols and a lack of consensus in the literature. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the acute and chronic effects of CT interventions on physical fitness performance in basketball players and identify the most effective characteristics of moderators. Methods: A bibliographic search was conducted using PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines using the PICOS strategy. Results: Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria, three articles analyzed acute effects, and thirteen analyzed chronic effects. The total number of participants in the studies analyzing acute effects was 50, while for studies examining chronic effects, it was 362. Conclusions: Acutely, CT triggers post-activation potentiation and enhances sprint performance when coupled with brief rest intervals. Over time, these acute improvements contribute to more substantial, long-lasting benefits. Chronic effects of CT improve strength, as evidenced by enhanced 1 RM performance, jumps, sprints, and core muscle strength.
Effects of Microfiltered Seawater Intake and Variable Resistance Training on Strength, Bone Health, Body Composition, and Quality of Life in Older Women: A 32-Week Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial
(MDPI, 2023-03) Juesas, Alvaro; Gargallo, Pedro; Gene-Morales, Javier; Babiloni-López, Carlos; Saez-Berlanga, Angel; Jiménez-Martínez, Pablo; Casaña, Jose; Benitez-Martinez, Josep C.; Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo; Chulvi-Medrano, Ivan; Colado, Juan C.
The aim was to explore the effects of a 32-week resistance training (RT) intervention with elastic bands with or without microfiltered seawater (SW) supplementation on isokinetic strength, bone mineral density (BMD), body composition, and subjective quality of life in postmenopausal women. Ninety-three untrained women (age: 70.00 ± 6.26 years; body mass index: 22.05 ± 3.20 kg/m2; body fat: 37.77 ± 6.38%; 6.66 ± 1.01 s up-and-go test) voluntarily participated in this randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial. Participants were allocated into four groups (RT+SW, RT+PLA, CON+SW, and CON+PLA). The RT intervention (twice weekly) consisted of different exercises for the whole body performed at submaximal intensities with elastic bands. Both control groups were not involved in any exercise program. A two-way mixed analysis of variance of repeated measures revealed significant improvements in almost all the variables in both intervention groups (p < 0.05). However, significant differences with controls were encountered in isokinetic strength, body fat percentage, and bodily pain. Although the group with SW supplementation obtained greater effect sizes, non-significant differences between both RT groups were observed. In conclusion, the determinant factor of the adaptations seems to be RT rather than SW. © 2023 by the authors.
Interactions between mothers and their moderate preterm babies during hospitalization
(Sociedad Chilena de Pediatria, 2022) Mira, Andrea; Coo, Soledad; Lemp, Rodolfo Bastías; González, Ricardo
Moderately preterm infants are physiologically immature, their brains must mature and adapt to the extrauterine environment, which can affect their neurological development. Interaction with their caregivers is crucial for their development, however, these may show mental health problems such as depressive symptoms and parental stress. Objective: to evaluate how depressive symptomatology and stress perception of mothers of moderately preterm infants during hospitalization may affect dyad interaction. Patients and Method: 85 dyads participated. During the second and third weeks of hospitalization, mothers answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, the parental stress scale, and the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale. Mother-infant interaction was assessed and coded with the Hospitalized Mother-Infant Bonding Observation Scale. Results: mothers of moderately preterm infants hospitalized in a neonatology unit may present significant depressive symptomatology which correlate with the stress experienced by the mother. Parental stress and being small for gestational age showed a negative association with dyad interactions. Conclusions: Having a moderately preterm baby can impact the mental health of mothers and this, at the same time, is related to the interactions they have with their children. Likewise, variables related to the babies were detected that can also decrease the interactions and contact between the dyad. © 2022, Sociedad Chilena de Pediatria. All rights reserved.
Morphological characteristics of street workout practitioners
(Grupo Aula Medica S.A., 2017) Sanchez-Martinez, Javier; Plaza, Paula; Araneda, Alberto; Sánchez, Patricio; Almagiâ, Atilio
Introduction: The determination of the morphological characteristics of the most popular sports has allowed the evaluation and comparison between athletes, which has helped to improve their performance. The Street Workout is an emerging sport based on calisthenics, which recently has become popular. Despite its popularization, neither the morphologic profile nor the morphologic characteristics of Street Workout athletes has been determined. Objective: Determine the profile and morphological characteristics of Street-Workout athletes, through anthropometry. Material and methods: Fourteen athletes (22.7 ± 3.26 years) were recruited from the National Calisthenics Tournament 2015 in Chile. The athletes were evaluated following the protocol of the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry to determine the somatotype, body composition, as well as indices of body composition such as body mass index, waist to hip ratio, waist to height ratio, fat/muscle mass and muscle/bone mass indexes. Results: Street Workout practitioners presented a balanced-mesomorphic somatotype, a low fat mass and a high muscular development, with upper arms and trunk predominance. Regarding body composition indices, the values obtained allow us to classify them as a low-risk population of chronic non-communicable diseases. Conclusion: The present study sets a first antecedent of the morphological characteristics of Street Workout, determining that the Street Workout athletes presented balanced-mesomorphic somatotype and were classified as a healthy and athletic sample by their body composition indexes. © 2017, Grupo Aula Medica S.A. All rights reserved.
Comparative Analysis of Bilateral Deficits in Elbow Flexion Strength: Functional vs. Analytical Assessment
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2024-09) Pelayo-Tejo, Ignacio; Chirosa-Ríos, Luis; Escobar-Molina, Raquel; García-Ramos, Amador; del-Cuerpo, Indya; Chirosa-Ríos, Ignacio; Jerez-Mayorga, Daniel
Background: this study aimed to identify the influence of postural stability on upper-limb bilateral deficit (BLD), and to compare the assessment of strength generated during elbow flexion functionally vs. analytically in the dominant and nondominant arms. Methods: Twenty men participated in two sessions to evaluate the maximum isometric strength of elbow flexion. This evaluation was performed unilaterally with the dominant arm, unilaterally with the non-dominant arm, and bilaterally, both in the sitting position (SiP) and the standing position (StP). Results: The BLD when peak force was considered was lower for StP (−6.44 ± 5.58%) compared to SiP (−10.73 ± 6.17%) (p = 0.007). Regarding peak force, statistically significant differences were observed for comparisons between dominance (p < 0.001) and Position*Dominance (p = 0.02), but mean force differences were only observed for the dominance factor (p < 0.001). Greater mean and peak forces were always produced bilaterally compared to unilaterally (p < 0.001). Conclusions: a decrease in postural stability by performing elbow flexion exercises in a standing position accentuates BLD of peak force.
Age-dependent Knee Joint Isokinetic Profile in Professional Male Soccer Players
(Australian International Academic Centre PTY LTD, 2022) Torres-Banduc, Maximiliano A.; Jerez-Mayorga, Daniel; Ojeda, Álvaro Huerta; Bishop, Chris; Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo
Background: The knee-joint isokinetic profile (KJIP) injury risk factor may be modulated by chronological age, however, comparative data for elite male soccer players aged 25 years and older is lacking. Objective: To describe and compare the knee-joint isokinetic profile (KJIP) according to the chronological age of professional male soccer players. Method: In a cross-sectional study design, sixty-three soccer athletes from the first Chilean soccer division (A-series) were divided into younger and older groups (age ≤ 25 years; n = 35 and age > 25 years; n = 28, respectively). In both groups the IPKJ was assessed at 60°.s-1 in concentric mode. Results: The older group had lower extensor peak torque (p < .05). The younger group showed correlations between flexors peak torque and extensors mean power (p < .001). In the older group, flexors peak torque and flexors mean power were correlated. The flexors peak torque, total work, and mean power symmetric index (SI) exhibited values > 10 % for both groups. The extensors SI showed values > 10 % for mean power, although only in the older group. Conclusion: Several differences in the KJIP were noted between professional male soccer players aged ≤ 25 years and > 25 years. Current results offer injury prevention insights, discussed in the current manuscript. © 2022 The authors.
The Role of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Their Lipid Mediators on Skeletal Muscle Regeneration: A Narrative Review
(MDPI, 2023-02) Jannas-Vela, Sebastian; Espinosa, Alejandra; Candia, Alejandro A.; Flores-Opazo, Marcelo; Peñailillo, Luis; Valenzuela, Rodrigo
Skeletal muscle is the largest tissue in the human body, comprising approximately 40% of body mass. After damage or injury, a healthy skeletal muscle is often fully regenerated; however, with aging and chronic diseases, the regeneration process is usually incomplete, resulting in the formation of fibrotic tissue, infiltration of intermuscular adipose tissue, and loss of muscle mass and strength, leading to a reduction in functional performance and quality of life. Accumulating evidence has shown that omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their lipid mediators (i.e., oxylipins and endocannabinoids) have the potential to enhance muscle regeneration by positively modulating the local and systemic inflammatory response to muscle injury. This review explores the process of muscle regeneration and how it is affected by acute and chronic inflammatory conditions, focusing on the potential role of n-3 PUFAs and their derivatives as positive modulators of skeletal muscle healing and regeneration. © 2023 by the authors.
A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Plyometric-Jump Training on the Physical Fitness of Combat Sport Athletes
(MDPI, 2023-02) Ojeda-Aravena, Alex; Herrera-Valenzuela, Tomás; Valdés-Badilla, Pablo; Báez-San Martín, Eduardo; Thapa, Rohit K.; Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo
We aimed to assess the athletic performance changes in combat sport athletes (CoSAs) after plyometric-jump training (PJT), compared to control conditions, through a systematic review with meta-analysis. Following PRISMA guidelines, three electronic databases were searched for includable articles, according to a PICOS approach. Using a random-effects model, Hedges’ g effects sizes (ES) were calculated. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic, with values of <25%, 25–75%, and >75% representing low, moderate, and high levels of heterogeneity, respectively. Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach. Twelve eligible articles were identified for systematic review, seven of high quality and five of moderate quality, according to the PEDro scale. The studies recruited taekwondo, silat, wrestling, judo, fencing, and karate athletes (292 total participants), including specific–active and active controls. Most participants had a mean age of <18 years and were males (n = 225). Compared to the control, PJT programmes, involving 4–12 weeks and 2–3 sessions per week, induced small to moderate improvements (ES = 0.47 to 1.04) in athletes’ maximal strength (e.g., 1RM squat), vertical jump height, change-of-direction speed, and specific performance (e.g., fencing movement velocity), although without meaningful effects on body mass, fat mass, and muscle mass (ES = 0.02 to −0.06). Most (7 of 8) outcomes attained low heterogeneity. The outcome-level GRADE analysis indicated a certainty of evidence from low to moderate. In conclusion, PJT, when compared to control conditions, may improve CoSA athletic performance. © 2023 by the authors.

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