Estudio de prefactibilidad técnico económica de la utilización de planteles comerciales de conejo para la producción de carne
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2004
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Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Principalmente basado en un contexto de innovación y diversificación, se tuvo como objetivo principal el estudio de la prefactabilidad técnico-económica de la instalación de un criadero de conejos en la región Metropolitana para la explotación de su carne, con el fin de abastecer la gran demanda de los frigoríficos nacionales de exportación, los cuales solicitan grandes cantidades del producto carne de conejo debido al creciente requerimiento de los países de la unión europea.
El mercado internacional, se muestra como una gran oportunidad de negocio demostrada por los altos índices de demanda y altos precios pagados por el producto carne de conejo.
Una de las principales debilidades de los productores chilenos es el no poseer producciones constantes y de gran volumen para abastecer a grandes mercados, es por estas razones por las cuales se vuelve interesante la realización del proyecto con el fin de lograr dilucidar un mercado potencial existente y dar a conocer nuevas formas de producción que aprovechen de forma óptima el terreno y la materia prima.
La viabilidad del proyecto se analizó en dos escenarios principalmente, un escenario realista y uno pesimista. El escenario realista está totalmente asociado a la gran demanda de los frigoríficos de exportación nacionales, los cuales requieren grandes cantidades del producto carne de conejo, demandando la totalidad de las producciones destinadas al fin de la exportación.
El segundo escenario de análisis del proyecto es el pesimista, el cual está fuertemente relacionado a la baja del precio del producto, debido a la reinserción de grandes productores y exportadores hacia la Unión Europea como lo son la China y Argentina (producciones prohibidas en la Unión Europea por problemas sanitarios y utilización de sustancias prohibidas), lo cual perjudicaría de manera directa la demanda y el precio del producto chileno, al haber un alza importantísima en la oferta, ya que, China antes del año 1997 exportaba casi 30.000 toneladas al año a toda la Unión Europea, dejando sin posibilidad de competir a países de menor producción.A pesar del riesgo que significa la reinserción de grandes productores de
carne de conejo, se vislumbra el crecimiento de un mercado lo suficientemente
grande para nuevos productores demostrado por el alza de la demanda en muchos
países de la unión europea de acuerdo a los índices de crecimiento mostrados en el
proyecto.
En el capítulo de evaluación financiera, se emplearon principalmente dos
criterios para el análisis de rentabilidad; el V.A.N (Valor actual neto) y T.I.R (Tasa
interna de retorno), que corresponden a criterios muy utilizados para este tipo de
proyectos.
El proyecto a partir de los dos escenarios descritos anteriormente se evaluó a
través de dos flujos de caja, el primero corresponde a una evaluación del proyecto
sin financiamiento realista, del cual se obtuvo un V.A.N de UF $5.364, valor superior
a cero, indicando que el proyecto debe ser aceptado, ya que, la diferencia entre los
ingresos y egresos expresados en moneda actual representa un remanente por
sobre lo exigido por el inversionista. El segundo criterio utilizado T.I.R, que
representa la tasa interna más alta que un inversionista podría pagar sin perder
dinero es de 27%, por lo que también según este criterio se debiera confiar en la
viabilidad del proyecto.
Por otra parte, el escenario pesimista relacionado con la baja en los precios
del producto nos arroja un V.A.N de UF $-356, lo cual nos indica que el proyecto no
soporta la magnitud de la baja en el precio y se vuelve inviable.
El proyecto además se evaluó considerando un financiamiento del 60% de la
inversión, y del cual se obtuvo un V.A.N de UF $3.717 y una T.I.R, de un 29%, en el
escenario realista, resultados que avalan la implementación del proyecto.
Finalmente el escenario pesimista nos arroja un V.A.N de UF $-470, lo cual
hace inviable el proyecto, aunque es preciso señalar que dicha inviabilidad es poco
probable debido a la creciente demanda existente en Europa y gran parte del
mundo, lo cual nos deja en claro las ventajas de un mercado potencialmente en alza.
Mainly based on a context of innovation and diversification, it washad as primary target the study of the technical-economic prefeasibled of the installation of a deposit of rabbits in the supplying the great demand of the national refrigerators of export, which ask for great amounts of the product meat of rabbit due to the increasing requirement of the countries of the European Union. The international market, is like a great opportunity of business demonstrated by the high indices of demand and high prices paid by the product rabbit meat. One of the main weaknesses of the Chilean producers is not to have constant productions and of great volume to supply to great markets, it is for these reasons for which the accomplishment becomes interesting from the project with the purpose of managing to explain an existing potential market and to present new forms production which they take advantage of optimal form the land and the raw material. The viability of the project was analyzed mainly in two scenes, a associate to the great demand of the national refrigerators of export, which require great amounts of the product rabbit meat, demanding the totality of the productions destined to the aim of the export. The second scene of analysis of the project is the pessimist, who strongly is related to the loss of the price of the product, due to the reintegration of great producers and exporter towards the European Union as they are it China and Argentina (productions prohibited in the European union by sanitary problems and use of prohibited substances), which would harm of direct way the demand and the price of the Chilean product, generating the most important rise in the supply, since, China before year 1997 exported almost 30,000 tons to the year to all the European union, leaving without possibility of competing to countries of smaller production. In spite of the risk that means the reintegration of great producers of rabbit meat, the growth of a market glimpses the sufficiently great thing for new producers demonstrated by the rise of the demand in many countries of the European Union according to the shown indices of growth in the project. In the chapter of financial evaluation, two criteria for the yield analysis were used mainly; the V.A.N (net present Value) and T.I.R (internal Rate of return), that correspond very to used criteria for this type of projects. The project from scenes both described previously was evaluated through two flows of box, first corresponds to an evaluation of the project without realistic financing, from which a V.A.N of UF $5,364 was obtained, value superior to zero, indicating that the project must be accepted, since, the difference between the income and debits expressed in present currency represent a surplus by on the demanded thing by the investor. The second criterion used T.I.R, that represents the internal rate more higher than an investor could pay without losing money is of 27%, reason why also according to this criterion was due to trust in the viability of the project. On the other hand, the pessimistic scene related to the loss in the prices of the product throws a V.A.N to us of UF $-356, which indicates to us that the project does not support the magnitude of the loss in the price and becomes nonviable. The project in addition was evaluated considering a financing of 60% of the investment, and from which a V.A.N of was obtained UF $3,717 and one T.I.R, of a 29%, in the realistic scene, results that guarantee the implementation of the project. Finally the pessimistic scene throws a V.A.N to us of UF $-470, which makes the project nonviable, although is precise to indicate that this inviability is little probable due to the increasing existing demand in Europe and great part of the world, which us leaves clear potentially in the advantages of a market in rise.
Mainly based on a context of innovation and diversification, it washad as primary target the study of the technical-economic prefeasibled of the installation of a deposit of rabbits in the supplying the great demand of the national refrigerators of export, which ask for great amounts of the product meat of rabbit due to the increasing requirement of the countries of the European Union. The international market, is like a great opportunity of business demonstrated by the high indices of demand and high prices paid by the product rabbit meat. One of the main weaknesses of the Chilean producers is not to have constant productions and of great volume to supply to great markets, it is for these reasons for which the accomplishment becomes interesting from the project with the purpose of managing to explain an existing potential market and to present new forms production which they take advantage of optimal form the land and the raw material. The viability of the project was analyzed mainly in two scenes, a associate to the great demand of the national refrigerators of export, which require great amounts of the product rabbit meat, demanding the totality of the productions destined to the aim of the export. The second scene of analysis of the project is the pessimist, who strongly is related to the loss of the price of the product, due to the reintegration of great producers and exporter towards the European Union as they are it China and Argentina (productions prohibited in the European union by sanitary problems and use of prohibited substances), which would harm of direct way the demand and the price of the Chilean product, generating the most important rise in the supply, since, China before year 1997 exported almost 30,000 tons to the year to all the European union, leaving without possibility of competing to countries of smaller production. In spite of the risk that means the reintegration of great producers of rabbit meat, the growth of a market glimpses the sufficiently great thing for new producers demonstrated by the rise of the demand in many countries of the European Union according to the shown indices of growth in the project. In the chapter of financial evaluation, two criteria for the yield analysis were used mainly; the V.A.N (net present Value) and T.I.R (internal Rate of return), that correspond very to used criteria for this type of projects. The project from scenes both described previously was evaluated through two flows of box, first corresponds to an evaluation of the project without realistic financing, from which a V.A.N of UF $5,364 was obtained, value superior to zero, indicating that the project must be accepted, since, the difference between the income and debits expressed in present currency represent a surplus by on the demanded thing by the investor. The second criterion used T.I.R, that represents the internal rate more higher than an investor could pay without losing money is of 27%, reason why also according to this criterion was due to trust in the viability of the project. On the other hand, the pessimistic scene related to the loss in the prices of the product throws a V.A.N to us of UF $-356, which indicates to us that the project does not support the magnitude of the loss in the price and becomes nonviable. The project in addition was evaluated considering a financing of 60% of the investment, and from which a V.A.N of was obtained UF $3,717 and one T.I.R, of a 29%, in the realistic scene, results that guarantee the implementation of the project. Finally the pessimistic scene throws a V.A.N to us of UF $-470, which makes the project nonviable, although is precise to indicate that this inviability is little probable due to the increasing existing demand in Europe and great part of the world, which us leaves clear potentially in the advantages of a market in rise.
Notas
Tesis (Ingeniero en Ejecución Industrial)
Palabras clave
Carne de Conejo, Producción, Comercialización, Aspectos Económicos, Proyectos de Inversión, Evaluación