Análisis de vulnerabilidad y riesgo a la contaminación del acuífero Mataquito, VII región del Maule, Chile
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Fecha
2020
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
En Chile las aguas subterráneas cumplen un rol
fundamental como fuente de agua potable para la
población urbana y rural, así como también en las
principales actividades productivas de nuestro país.
El área de estudio se encuentra ubicada en la VII
región del Maule, una de las localidades de mayor
preponderancia a nivel nacional en el rubro agrícola,
por lo tanto, es de gran utilidad estudiar los
problemas que puedan limitar su principal fuente de
suministro de agua.
El objetivo del presente trabajo es determinar la
vulnerabilidad y riesgo a la contaminación del
sistema hidrológico del acuífero Mataquito.
El estudio de vulnerabilidad del acuífero se lleva
a cabo mediante dos métodos distintos: DRASTIC y
GOD, los cuales serán comparados entre sí.
Para determinar el riesgo a la contaminación del
acuífero es necesario estimar la carga contaminante,
llevada a cabo mediante el denominado método
POSH, para finalmente obtener el riesgo mediante
una matriz que incorpora los resultados de
vulnerabilidad y de carga contaminante.
Finalmente se obtiene el mapa de riesgo
potencial a la contaminación, el cual muestra áreas
en donde existe riesgo de contaminación producto de
la ubicación de actividades potencialmente
contaminantes en áreas vulnerables del acuífero.
In Chile, groundwater plays a fundamental role as a source of drinking water for the urban and rural population, as well as in the main productive activities of our country. The study area is located in the VII region of Maule, one of the most important localities at the national level in the agricultural field, therefore, it is very useful to study the problems that may limit its main source of water supply. The objective of this work is to determine the vulnerability and risk to contamination of the hydrological system of the Mataquito aquifer. The aquifer vulnerability study is carried out using two different methods: DRASTIC and GOD, which will be compared with each other. To determine the risk of aquifer contamination, it is necessary to estimate the pollutant load, carried out using the so-called POSH method, to finally obtain the risk using a matrix that incorporates the vulnerability and potentially polluting load results. Finally, the potential pollution risk map is obtained, which shows areas where there is a risk of contamination due to the location of potentially polluting activities in vulnerable areas of the aquifer.
In Chile, groundwater plays a fundamental role as a source of drinking water for the urban and rural population, as well as in the main productive activities of our country. The study area is located in the VII region of Maule, one of the most important localities at the national level in the agricultural field, therefore, it is very useful to study the problems that may limit its main source of water supply. The objective of this work is to determine the vulnerability and risk to contamination of the hydrological system of the Mataquito aquifer. The aquifer vulnerability study is carried out using two different methods: DRASTIC and GOD, which will be compared with each other. To determine the risk of aquifer contamination, it is necessary to estimate the pollutant load, carried out using the so-called POSH method, to finally obtain the risk using a matrix that incorporates the vulnerability and potentially polluting load results. Finally, the potential pollution risk map is obtained, which shows areas where there is a risk of contamination due to the location of potentially polluting activities in vulnerable areas of the aquifer.
Notas
Tesis (Geólogo)
Palabras clave
Acuíferos, Contaminación del Agua, Aguas Subterráneas, Chile, Región del Maule