Influencia de la disponibilidad de alimento en la migraciĆ³n parcial del yunco (Pelecanoides garnotii)
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2019
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es
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Universidad AndrƩs Bello
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El yunco (Pelecanoides garnotii) es un petrel buceador que anida en islas costeras del norte de Chile (26-29Ā°S) durante primavera-verano, perĆodo en el que existe una alta disponibilidad de alimento(zooplancton), tras lo cual migra durante el otoƱo hacia sus Ć”reas de invernada en el sur(37-39Ā°S). En este estudio se propone la hipĆ³tesis de que dicha migraciĆ³n estĆ”gatilladapor cambios en la disponibilidad de alimento, movilizando al yuncohacialatitudes altas en busca de zonas mĆ”s productivasdurante el otoƱo-invierno. Para caracterizar este pulso migratorio, monitoreamos mensualmente la abundancia de yuncos en el mar en un punto intermedio de su migraciĆ³n (BahĆa de ValparaĆso, 33Ā°S) entre 2006y 2016. Para caracterizar la disponibilidad de alimento utilizamos datos de productividad primaria (clorofila-a), cubriendo el rango de reproducciĆ³n y migraciĆ³n del yunco en Chile: Isla Pan de AzĆŗcar (26Ā°S), Isla Choros (29Ā°S), ValparaĆso (33Ā°S), Golfo de Arauco (37Ā°S) y Corral (39Ā°). La correlaciĆ³n entre las abundancias del yunco y la productividad primaria de las zonas, indica que la productividad primaria del Golfo de Arauco es la que mĆ”s explica (28%, p< 0,0001)los movimientos migratorios. Esto sugiere que el yunco efectivamente se mueve a lo largo de una gradiente norte-surde productividad durante los meses invernales.
The Peruvian Diving-Petrel (Pelecanoides garnotii) breeds along coastal islands in northern Chile (26-29Ā°S) during spring and summer, when food availability (mainly zooplankton)is high. After breeding, Peruvian Diving-petrels migrate during autumn to their wintering grounds in southern Chile (37-39Ā°S). In this study I propose the hypothesis that migration in this species is triggered by changes in food availability, with Diving-petrels moving to higher latitudes searching for more productive areas during autmun and winter. Soas to characterize this migratory movement, we conducted monthly counts of Peruvian Diving-petrels at sea at an intermediate region within their migratory pathway (Bay of ValparaĆso, 33Ā°S) between 2006 and2016. So as to characterize food availability we used data on primary productivity (chlorophyll-a), encompassing both the breeding and migratory range of the species in Chile: Pan de AzĆŗcar Island (26Ā°S), Choros Island (29Ā°S), Bay of ValparaĆso (33Ā°S), Gulf of Arauco (37Ā°S) andCorral (39Ā°). Correlation between the Peruvian Diving-petrel abundance and primary productivity indicates that primary productivity at the Gulf of Arauco explains the largest part (28%, p< 0,0001) of migratory movements. This suggests that indeed the Peruvian Diving-petrel moves along a north-south gradient of productivity during autumn-winter.
The Peruvian Diving-Petrel (Pelecanoides garnotii) breeds along coastal islands in northern Chile (26-29Ā°S) during spring and summer, when food availability (mainly zooplankton)is high. After breeding, Peruvian Diving-petrels migrate during autumn to their wintering grounds in southern Chile (37-39Ā°S). In this study I propose the hypothesis that migration in this species is triggered by changes in food availability, with Diving-petrels moving to higher latitudes searching for more productive areas during autmun and winter. Soas to characterize this migratory movement, we conducted monthly counts of Peruvian Diving-petrels at sea at an intermediate region within their migratory pathway (Bay of ValparaĆso, 33Ā°S) between 2006 and2016. So as to characterize food availability we used data on primary productivity (chlorophyll-a), encompassing both the breeding and migratory range of the species in Chile: Pan de AzĆŗcar Island (26Ā°S), Choros Island (29Ā°S), Bay of ValparaĆso (33Ā°S), Gulf of Arauco (37Ā°S) andCorral (39Ā°). Correlation between the Peruvian Diving-petrel abundance and primary productivity indicates that primary productivity at the Gulf of Arauco explains the largest part (28%, p< 0,0001) of migratory movements. This suggests that indeed the Peruvian Diving-petrel moves along a north-south gradient of productivity during autumn-winter.
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Tesis (BiĆ³logo Marino)
Palabras clave
Aves Marinas, Investigaciones, MigraciĆ³n de Aves, Chile