Terapia miofuncional orofacial en niños con síndrome de down. Revisión sistemática de tipo scoping
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Fecha
2021
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
El Síndrome de Down (SD) es un trastorno cromosómico causado por la presencia de
un cromosoma 21 adicional y da lugar a discapacidad intelectual. Además, se
presentan diversas alteraciones en el complejo orofacial, en el Sistema
Estomatognático (SE) y en su funcionamiento. Estas alteraciones pueden ser
intervenidas mediante la Terapia Miofuncional Orofacial (TMO) durante todo el ciclo
vital, contribuyendo a mejorar cada una de las funciones del SE y generando nuevos
patrones neuromusculares. Pese a esto, existen escasos estudios con literatura
actualizada que aborden la TMO en el SD. Por esto, la presente revisión sistemática
exploratoria tiene por objetivo analizar la información existente en la literatura científica
sobre la Terapia Miofuncional Orofacial aplicada en niños con SD, a fin de
proporcionar una descripción de las características anatomofisiológicas y los
desórdenes miofuncionales orofaciales, al igual que la aplicación de la TMO en niños
con SD. Para esto, se seleccionaron y analizaron 5 estudios de las bases de datos de
PUBMED, MEDLINE COMPLETE, Epistemonikos, SCIELO y EUROPE PMC. Los
filtros utilizados fueron los últimos 10 años, en portugués, inglés y español.
Finalmente, se incluyeron 16 estudios de literatura gris para la confección de esta
revisión sistemática.
Down syndrome (DS) is a chromosomal disorder caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21 that results in intellectual disability. In addition, there are several alterations in the orofacial complex, in the Stomatognathic System (SS) and in its functioning. These alterations can be intervened through Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy (OMT) throughout the life cycle, contributing to improve each of the functions of the SS and generating new neuromuscular patterns. Despite this, there are few studies with updated literature addressing OMT in DS. For this reason, the present exploratory systematic review aims to analyze the existing information in the scientific literature on OMT applied in children with DS, in order to provide a description of the anatomophysiological characteristics and orofacial myofunctional disorders, as well as the application of OMT in children with DS. For this purpose, 5 studies were selected and analyzed from PUBMED, MEDLINE COMPLETE, Epistemonikos, SCIELO and EUROPE PMC databases. The filters used were the last 10 years, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. Finally, 16 gray literature studies were included for the preparation of this systematic review.
Down syndrome (DS) is a chromosomal disorder caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21 that results in intellectual disability. In addition, there are several alterations in the orofacial complex, in the Stomatognathic System (SS) and in its functioning. These alterations can be intervened through Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy (OMT) throughout the life cycle, contributing to improve each of the functions of the SS and generating new neuromuscular patterns. Despite this, there are few studies with updated literature addressing OMT in DS. For this reason, the present exploratory systematic review aims to analyze the existing information in the scientific literature on OMT applied in children with DS, in order to provide a description of the anatomophysiological characteristics and orofacial myofunctional disorders, as well as the application of OMT in children with DS. For this purpose, 5 studies were selected and analyzed from PUBMED, MEDLINE COMPLETE, Epistemonikos, SCIELO and EUROPE PMC databases. The filters used were the last 10 years, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. Finally, 16 gray literature studies were included for the preparation of this systematic review.
Notas
Tesis (Licenciado en Fonoaudiología)
Palabras clave
Niños con síndrome de Down, Alteraciones en el complejo orofacial, en el Sistema Estomatognático y funcionamiento, Terapia Miofuncional Orofacial, Estudios con literatura actualizada, Mejora Contínua, Chile