Caracterización neuropsicológica y neural de pacientes con ictus secundario a COVID-19 : una revisión sistemática cualitativa
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2021
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Introducción: La pandemia por COVID-19 ha sido el foco de interés en los últimos años, principalmente por las altas tasas de mortalidad en la población. Este
cuadro se ha caracterizado por sus repercusiones a nivel respiratorio; sin embargo, diversos estudios han reportado complicaciones neurológicas en estos pacientes (p.e.,ictus). El ictus en COVID-19 desde una perspectiva neurológica sigue siendo un desafío en la actualidad. De hecho, a la fecha existe carencia de estudios sobre el perfil neuropsicológico y el correlato neural en esta población. Objetivo: Caracterizar el perfil neuropsicológico y el patrón de áreas cerebrales afectadas en ictus post COVID-19 en población adulta y personas mayores. Metodología: La presente revisión sistemática siguió los lineamientos establecidos en la declaración PRISMA, utilizando las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science. La búsqueda estuvo limitada a estudios observacionales analíticos de pruebas diagnósticos, publicados en idioma inglés entre Enero 2020 y Septiembre 2022. Resultados: La búsqueda dio como resultado 7 artículos finales. Los resultados sugieren que la orientación, atención, memoria, función ejecutiva, habilidades visuoconstructivas y lenguaje son los declives mayormente reportados. Asimismo, el patrón de áreas cerebrales afectadas comprende no sólo áreas corticales sino también subcorticales, con predominio de lesiones derechas. Conclusión: En ictus post COVID-19 las lesiones en hemisferio derecho podrían ser un biomarcador de importancia, destacando por la expresión de alteraciones cognitivas-lingüísticas que clásicamente se asocian a lesiones cerebrales izquierdas. Asimismo, la intervención temprana sería clave para evitar la progresión a cuadros neurodegenerativos (p.e., demencia vascular).
Introduction: The high mortality rates in patients with COVID-19 have been the main focus of interest in clinical and research practice. Likewise, COVID-19 has been characterized by its respiratory consequences; however, several studies have reported neurological manifestations in this clinical population (e.g., stroke). Moreover, from a neurological perspective, stroke associated with COVID-19 remains challenging. Indeed, up to date, there is a lack of studies in this population focusing on neuropsychological and neural correlate profiles. Aim: To characterize the neuropsychological profile and the pattern of brain areas affected in adult and older adults with stroke associated with COVID-19. Methods: The present study followed the PRISMA guidelines and included studies from the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences databases, published between January 2020 and September 2022. Results: 7 articles were included in this systematic review for critical analysis. Results suggest that orientation, attention, memory, executive function, visuoconstructive skills, and language are the most reported neuropsychological declines. Moreover, the pattern of brain areas considers right lesions in cortical and subcortical regions. Conclusion: In stroke patients associated with COVID-19, lesions in the right hemisphere could be an important biomarker for diagnosis, especially for the atypical expression of cognitive-linguistic disorders. Likewise, early intervention would be vital to avoid the progression of these patients to neurodegenerative conditions (e.g., vascular dementia).
Introduction: The high mortality rates in patients with COVID-19 have been the main focus of interest in clinical and research practice. Likewise, COVID-19 has been characterized by its respiratory consequences; however, several studies have reported neurological manifestations in this clinical population (e.g., stroke). Moreover, from a neurological perspective, stroke associated with COVID-19 remains challenging. Indeed, up to date, there is a lack of studies in this population focusing on neuropsychological and neural correlate profiles. Aim: To characterize the neuropsychological profile and the pattern of brain areas affected in adult and older adults with stroke associated with COVID-19. Methods: The present study followed the PRISMA guidelines and included studies from the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences databases, published between January 2020 and September 2022. Results: 7 articles were included in this systematic review for critical analysis. Results suggest that orientation, attention, memory, executive function, visuoconstructive skills, and language are the most reported neuropsychological declines. Moreover, the pattern of brain areas considers right lesions in cortical and subcortical regions. Conclusion: In stroke patients associated with COVID-19, lesions in the right hemisphere could be an important biomarker for diagnosis, especially for the atypical expression of cognitive-linguistic disorders. Likewise, early intervention would be vital to avoid the progression of these patients to neurodegenerative conditions (e.g., vascular dementia).
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Programa de (Magíster en Neurorrehabilitación)
Palabras clave
Accidente Cerebrovascular, Neuropsicología, COVID-19 (Enfermedad)