El autoconcepto físico como factor que influye en la no participación en clases de educación física en preadolescentes (4to a 6to básico) en colegio particular de la comuna de Valparaíso
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2016
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Resumen
En la presente investigación se busca primeramente identificar una de las razones que podría estar aumentando los niveles de sedentarismo del país hoy en día, la poca participación o realización de actividad física y el poco interés de las personas en este mismo, pudiendo identificar esta problemática dentro de un colegio particular de la ciudad de Valparaíso. Dentro de este mismo establecimiento buscamos analizar el autoconcepto físico de escolares de 4º a 6º año Básico como un factor que puede influir en el hecho de que rehúyan de participar en clases de Educación Física, para esto se busca evaluar mediante observación la población objetiva de estudio. Luego se determina el autoconcepto físico de los estudiantes identificados mediante un test escrito llamado “Escala de Autoconcepto Físico” (PSPP), Fox y Corbin (1989) y luego de este un test de dibujo diseñado en conjunto con la psicóloga Carla Fardella. Finalmente al obtener y luego tabular los datos se comparó el autoconcepto físico de los escolares seleccionados rehuyentes y no rehuyentes en las clases de Educación Física.
Luego de analizar el autoconcepto físico de escolares de 4º a 6º año Básico como un factor que puede influir en el hecho de que rehúyan de participar en clases de Educación Física obtuvimos los siguientes resultados. Primero nos pudimos percatar que existe un alza en el número de rehuyentes de la clase de Educación Física a medida que van creciendo en edad, encontrando diferencias en un 20 %. Como otro punto importante se puede mencionar que existe una correlación en los casos más críticos con respecto a su apreciación en el test dos, en donde muestran un notorio descontento con respecto a su apariencia física. Finalmente podemos concluir que el autoconcepto físico es uno de los factores que influye en la no práctica de la clase de Educación Física, quedando abierta la posibilidad de seguir ahondando más en este tema, y abriendo la brecha para que otros investigadores abarquen la totalidad de los factores internos.
In the present research, we want firstly to identify one of the reasons that could be increasing the sedentarism levels in the country today, the little participation or performance of physical activities and the scarce interest of the people in them. We were able to identify this problem in a private school in Valparaiso city. Within the same school we tried to analyze the 4th to 6th grade students’ self perception of their physical capacities as a factor that may influence in the fact that they refuse to participate in their Physical Education classes, with this purpose we evaluated through observation the objective population in study. Secondly we determined the selected students’self perception of their Physical capacities through a written test called “Scale of Physical Self Perception Profile” , Fox and Corbin (1989) and then after this test a drawing test designed along with the psychologist Carla Fardella. Finally, having got and tabulated the data , we compared the selected students’ self perception of their physical abilities , including both the willing and not willing students, in Physical Education classes. After analyzing the physical self perception of students from 4th to 6th grade as a factor that may influence in the fact that they refuse to participate in Physical Education classes, we got the following results. Firstly, we could realize that there is an increasing number of students refusing to participate in Physical Education classes as they are getting older finding differences of a twenty percent. Another important point we can mention is that there is a relation in the most critical cases regarding to their appreciationin the second test, in which they show a remarkable discontent with their physical appearence. Finally, we can conclude that the physical self perception is one of the factors that influence in the non practice in the Physical Education classes, letting open the possibility of continuing deepening on this subject, and opening a way so that other investigators cover all the internal factors.
In the present research, we want firstly to identify one of the reasons that could be increasing the sedentarism levels in the country today, the little participation or performance of physical activities and the scarce interest of the people in them. We were able to identify this problem in a private school in Valparaiso city. Within the same school we tried to analyze the 4th to 6th grade students’ self perception of their physical capacities as a factor that may influence in the fact that they refuse to participate in their Physical Education classes, with this purpose we evaluated through observation the objective population in study. Secondly we determined the selected students’self perception of their Physical capacities through a written test called “Scale of Physical Self Perception Profile” , Fox and Corbin (1989) and then after this test a drawing test designed along with the psychologist Carla Fardella. Finally, having got and tabulated the data , we compared the selected students’ self perception of their physical abilities , including both the willing and not willing students, in Physical Education classes. After analyzing the physical self perception of students from 4th to 6th grade as a factor that may influence in the fact that they refuse to participate in Physical Education classes, we got the following results. Firstly, we could realize that there is an increasing number of students refusing to participate in Physical Education classes as they are getting older finding differences of a twenty percent. Another important point we can mention is that there is a relation in the most critical cases regarding to their appreciationin the second test, in which they show a remarkable discontent with their physical appearence. Finally, we can conclude that the physical self perception is one of the factors that influence in the non practice in the Physical Education classes, letting open the possibility of continuing deepening on this subject, and opening a way so that other investigators cover all the internal factors.
Notas
Tesis (Educación Física)
Palabras clave
Autoimagen Corporal, Enseñanza Básica, Valparaíso (Chile), Sedentarismo, Ejercicio Físico