Identificación de regiones diferencialmente metiladas en el genoma de Prunus persica asociadas a harinosidad del fruto después de almacenamiento en frío
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Fecha
2022
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Profesor/a Guía
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Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Prunus persica es el tercer frutal de clima templado más importante del
mundo después del manzano y el peral. Chile es uno de los principales exportadores
del hemisferio sur con 307.754 toneladas exportadas en 2020. Los consumidores
de fruta fresca demandan productos de alta calidad con múltiples atributos. Sin
embargo, la satisfacción de los consumidores es un reto continuo para la industria
chilena de exportación, ya que sus mercados objetivo se encuentran a distancias
significativas de los centros de producción. En particular, la exportación de duraznos
y nectarines representa un reto, ya que son altamente perecederos. Por esta razón,
los frutos deben almacenarse en frío durante largos periodos hasta llegar a los
mercados de destino. Sin embargo, dependiendo de la temperatura y la duración
del almacenaje en frío, puede inducir un trastorno fisiológico conocido como daño
por frío (CI del inglés “chilling injury”) en los frutos. El síntoma más importante del
CI es la harinosidad, que se define como falta de jugo en la pulpa. La harinosidad
influye significativamente en la calidad de la fruta y en la competitividad de la
industria del duraznero. Por ello, el objetivo del presente proyecto es identificar
regiones diferencialmente metiladas en el genoma asociados con harinosidad en el
fruto de duraznero. A partir de una población segregante se seleccionaron 2
individuos contrastantes para el fenotipo de harinosidad. Posteriormente, se
secuenciaron los genomas usando la estrategia de secuenciación de bisulfito para
identificar regiones metiladas. En donde se encontraron 3 regiones diferencialmente
metiladas en donde se identificaron 70 genes, se realizó un análisis del total de
genes diferencialmente metilado en donde se encontraron genes que se puede
asociar al fenotipo de harinosida
Prunus persica is the third most important temperate fruit tree in the world after apple and pear. Chile is one of the leading exporters in the southern hemisphere with 307,754 tons exported in 2020. Consumers of fresh fruit demand high quality products with multiple attributes. However, consumer satisfaction is an ongoing challenge for the Chilean export industry, as its target markets are located at significant distances from production centers. In particular, the export of peaches and nectarines represents a challenge, as they are highly perishable. For this reason, the fruits must be stored in cold storage for long periods until they reach their destination markets. However, depending on the temperature and duration of cold storage, it can induce a physiological disorder known as chilling injury (CI) in the fruit. The most important symptom of CI is mealiness, which is defined as lack of juice in the flesh. Mealiness significantly influences fruit quality and the competitiveness of the peach industry. Therefore, the objective of the present project is to identify differentially methylated regions in the genome associated with mealiness in peach fruit. Two contrasting individuals were selected from a segregating population for the mealiness phenotype. Subsequently, the genomes were sequenced using the bisulfite sequencing strategy to identify methylated regions. Three differentially methylated regions were found in which 70 genes were identified, and an analysis of the total number of differentially methylated genes was performed in which genes that can be associated with the mealiness phenotype were found.
Prunus persica is the third most important temperate fruit tree in the world after apple and pear. Chile is one of the leading exporters in the southern hemisphere with 307,754 tons exported in 2020. Consumers of fresh fruit demand high quality products with multiple attributes. However, consumer satisfaction is an ongoing challenge for the Chilean export industry, as its target markets are located at significant distances from production centers. In particular, the export of peaches and nectarines represents a challenge, as they are highly perishable. For this reason, the fruits must be stored in cold storage for long periods until they reach their destination markets. However, depending on the temperature and duration of cold storage, it can induce a physiological disorder known as chilling injury (CI) in the fruit. The most important symptom of CI is mealiness, which is defined as lack of juice in the flesh. Mealiness significantly influences fruit quality and the competitiveness of the peach industry. Therefore, the objective of the present project is to identify differentially methylated regions in the genome associated with mealiness in peach fruit. Two contrasting individuals were selected from a segregating population for the mealiness phenotype. Subsequently, the genomes were sequenced using the bisulfite sequencing strategy to identify methylated regions. Three differentially methylated regions were found in which 70 genes were identified, and an analysis of the total number of differentially methylated genes was performed in which genes that can be associated with the mealiness phenotype were found.
Notas
Tesis (Magíster en Biotecnología y Ciencias de la Vida)
Palabras clave
Duraznos, Calidad, Genética, Almacenamiento en Frío