Frecuencia de caries en niños de 6 a 11 años con normopeso y malnutridos por exceso
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2022
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es
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Introducción: A nivel mundial se enfrentan dos problemáticas severas que son de
suma importancia para la odontopediatría; por un lado la malnutrición por exceso y
por otro el aumento de caries en la población infantil. Se cree que estas pueden estar
relacionadas en una mayor experiencia de caries dental, ya que tienen un factor de
riesgo común que es el tipo de dieta alta en carbohidratos y azúcares fermentables.
Objetivo: Evaluar la frecuencia de caries dental en niños de 6 a 11 años con
malnutrición por exceso y en niños normopeso atendidos en la Clínica Odontológica
de Odontopediatría pregrado de la Universidad Andrés Bello en los años 2021 y 2022,
con el fin de comprobar o descartar la hipótesis de que la frecuencia de caries dental
en niños con malnutrición por exceso es mayor que en niños normopeso. Materiales
y métodos: Se escogieron 52 pacientes odontopediátricos normopeso (28 y 24 niños
de 6 a 8 años y de 9 a 11 años respectivamente) y 44 malnutridos por exceso (29 y
15 niños 6 a 8 años y 9 a 11 años respectivamente). El número de pacientes en cada
uno de los grupos se escogieron desde la plataforma Dentidesk con ficha y caso
clínico ingresado, también se tomó en consideración el control de factores
confundentes tales como: nivel socioeconómico, dieta, higiene y enfermedades
sistémicas que condicionen la salud bucal, con la finalidad de que la muestra sea
homogénea y estos no influyan en el resultado final. Resultados: Luego de la
estimación de las medias, intervalo de confianza y desviación estándar, se observa
que las medias de las frecuencias de caries en los niños normopeso, en ambos
grupos, son de un menor valor absoluto que los niños del grupo de los malnutridos.
Conclusión: Se infiere que el estado nutricional tiene un rol crucial en la cantidad de
caries, debido a que los niños malnutridos por exceso son quienes presentan una
mayor ingesta de hidratos de carbono fermentables, siendo estos los partícipes en la
formación de la caries dental.
Introduction: Globally, two serious problems are of utmost importance for pediatric dentistry; on one hand; malnutrition due to excess, and on the other, the increase in caries in the child population. It is believed that both may be related to increasing the experience of tooth cavities, as they have a common risk factor, which is the type of diet high in carbohydrates and fermentable sugars. Objective: To evaluate the frequency of dental cavities in children aged 6 to 11 years malnutrition by excess and in children with a normal weight attended at the Odontological Clinic of Pediatric Dentistry at the Andrés Bello University in 2021 and 2022, to check or rule out the hypothesis that the frequency of tooth cavities in children with malnutrition by excess is higher than in children with normal weight. Materials and methods: 52 normalweight dental patients (28 and 24 children aged 6 to 8 and 9 to 11 years respectively) and 44 with malnutrition by excess (29 and 15 children aged 6 to 8 and 9 to 11 years respectively) were chosen. The number of patients in each of the groups was picked from the Dentidesk platform with a patient record and a clinical case, also considered the control of confounding factors such as socioeconomic level, diet, hygiene, and systemic diseases that condition oral health, so that the sample is homogeneous, and these do not influence the result. Results: After estimating the averages, confidence interval, and standard deviation, it is observed that the average cavities frequencies in children with normal weight, in both groups, are of a lower absolute value than the children of the group of malnutrition by excess. Conclusion: It is inferred that nutritional status has a crucial role in the number of cavities because children with malnutrition by excess are those who present a greater intake of fermentable carbohydrates, being the participants in the formation of dental cavities.
Introduction: Globally, two serious problems are of utmost importance for pediatric dentistry; on one hand; malnutrition due to excess, and on the other, the increase in caries in the child population. It is believed that both may be related to increasing the experience of tooth cavities, as they have a common risk factor, which is the type of diet high in carbohydrates and fermentable sugars. Objective: To evaluate the frequency of dental cavities in children aged 6 to 11 years malnutrition by excess and in children with a normal weight attended at the Odontological Clinic of Pediatric Dentistry at the Andrés Bello University in 2021 and 2022, to check or rule out the hypothesis that the frequency of tooth cavities in children with malnutrition by excess is higher than in children with normal weight. Materials and methods: 52 normalweight dental patients (28 and 24 children aged 6 to 8 and 9 to 11 years respectively) and 44 with malnutrition by excess (29 and 15 children aged 6 to 8 and 9 to 11 years respectively) were chosen. The number of patients in each of the groups was picked from the Dentidesk platform with a patient record and a clinical case, also considered the control of confounding factors such as socioeconomic level, diet, hygiene, and systemic diseases that condition oral health, so that the sample is homogeneous, and these do not influence the result. Results: After estimating the averages, confidence interval, and standard deviation, it is observed that the average cavities frequencies in children with normal weight, in both groups, are of a lower absolute value than the children of the group of malnutrition by excess. Conclusion: It is inferred that nutritional status has a crucial role in the number of cavities because children with malnutrition by excess are those who present a greater intake of fermentable carbohydrates, being the participants in the formation of dental cavities.
Notas
Tesis (Cirujano Dentista)
Palabras clave
Odontología Pediátrica, Nutrición Infantil, Caries Dental, Investigaciones