Correlación entre el control metabólico y el nivel de actividad física en tiempo libre en usuarios con diabetes mellitus tipo 2, Hospital Clínico San Borja Arriarán 2015-2016
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Date
2016
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
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Abstract
Determinar si existe correlación entre el control metabólico y el nivel de actividad física en tiempo libre en usuarios con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 del Hospital Clínico San Borja Arriarán, 2015-2016.
Métodos:
Esta investigación corresponde a un estudio de tipo observacional de diseño transversal con hipótesis correlacional. La información acerca de las distintas variables se recopiló de la siguiente manera: el nivel de HbA1c (Hemoglobina Glicosilada) y la hipertensión arterial fue extraída directamente de la ficha clínica del paciente. El nivel de actividad física fue obtenido a través de la aplicación del Cuestionario sobre la Actividad Física Global (GPAQ). Los valores de peso y talla fueron medidos por los investigadores mediante instrumentos validados en Chile. El nivel de dependencia a la nicotina fue informado a través del Test de Fagerström, el grado de consumo de alcohol fue obtenido desde el Test de AUDIT y para finalizar, el nivel educacional se obtuvo a través de una pregunta cerrada. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el programa IBM SPSS Statistics 20.
Resultados:
Esta investigación posee una muestra de 99 personas, 72 mujeres y 27 hombres cuyo promedio de edad es de 62.9 años ±11.08 . Se determinó que un 90.91% presenta un mal control metabólico lo que concuerda con la poca práctica de actividad física por parte de los usuarios, ya que el 70.39% de ellos es insuficientemente activo de acuerdo a las recomendaciones de la OMS (Se recomiendan más de 150 minutos de realización de actividad física a la semana) . Mediante el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman se determinó que no existe correlación entre el nivel de HbA1c y control metabólico (P=0.0911), sin embargo, existió una asociación significativa entre estas dos variables que indica que la práctica de actividad física influye en un buen control metabólico en los usurios con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (P=0.0284).
Conclusión:
En esta investigación no existe correlación entre el control metabólico y el nivel de actividad física realizada en tiempo libre, sin embargo, se determinó la existencia de una asociación significativa para estas variables (P=0.0284). Si bien el resultado final presentado en este informe no concuerda con las bases teóricas sobre las cuales se sustentó esta investigación, (pues en dichos estudios si existe correlación entre las variables analizadas), estas poseen información fidedigna acerca de la influencia positiva que tiene la actividad física sobre el buen control metabólico. Los resultados se deben principalmente a que el número óptimo de participantes no fue alcanzado, lo cual provocó sesgos en la información tanto por sobreestimación de la realización de actividad física como por el poco reconocimiento de aspectos importantes, por parte de los usuarios, que afectan el control metabólico.
Determine whether there is correlation between metabolic control and level of physical activity users with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Hospital Clínico San Borja Arriarán, 2015- 2016. It also seeks to relate different covariates involved in metabolic control. The model of this research corresponds to a study observational cross-correlation. Information about the different variables was compiled in the following way: the level of HbA1c and blood pressure was taken directly from the patient medical record. The level of physical activity was obtained through the implementation of the Global Survey on Physical Activity (GPAQ). The values of weight and height were measured by researchers using validated instruments in Chile. The level of nicotine dependence was informed through the Fagerström test, the amount of alcohol consumption was obtained from the Test AUDIT, and finally the educational level asked directly to each of the measured patients, later this question was categorized. For statistical analysis, the IBM SPSS Statistics 20 program was used. This research has a sample of 99 people, 72 women and 27 men whose average age is 62.9 years. It was determined that 90.91% have poor metabolic control, which is consistent with the lack of physical activity by users, since 70.39% of them are insufficiently active according to WHO recommendations. Spearman's correlation coefficient determined that there is no correlation between HbA1c level and metabolic control (P = 0.0911), however, there was a significant association between these two variables indicating that physical activity practice influences a good Metabolic control in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (P = 0.0284). In this research there is no correlation between the metabolic control and the level of physical activity performed in free time, however, it was determined the existence of a significant association for these variables (P = 0.0284). Although the final result presented in this report does not agree with the theoretical bases on which this research was based (since in those studies there is a correlation between the analyzed variables), they have reliable information about the positive influence of the activity About good metabolic control. The results were mainly due to the fact that the optimum number of participants was not reached, which caused information bias both due to overestimation of physical activity and to the lack of recognition of important aspects by users, which affect the Metabolic control
Determine whether there is correlation between metabolic control and level of physical activity users with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Hospital Clínico San Borja Arriarán, 2015- 2016. It also seeks to relate different covariates involved in metabolic control. The model of this research corresponds to a study observational cross-correlation. Information about the different variables was compiled in the following way: the level of HbA1c and blood pressure was taken directly from the patient medical record. The level of physical activity was obtained through the implementation of the Global Survey on Physical Activity (GPAQ). The values of weight and height were measured by researchers using validated instruments in Chile. The level of nicotine dependence was informed through the Fagerström test, the amount of alcohol consumption was obtained from the Test AUDIT, and finally the educational level asked directly to each of the measured patients, later this question was categorized. For statistical analysis, the IBM SPSS Statistics 20 program was used. This research has a sample of 99 people, 72 women and 27 men whose average age is 62.9 years. It was determined that 90.91% have poor metabolic control, which is consistent with the lack of physical activity by users, since 70.39% of them are insufficiently active according to WHO recommendations. Spearman's correlation coefficient determined that there is no correlation between HbA1c level and metabolic control (P = 0.0911), however, there was a significant association between these two variables indicating that physical activity practice influences a good Metabolic control in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (P = 0.0284). In this research there is no correlation between the metabolic control and the level of physical activity performed in free time, however, it was determined the existence of a significant association for these variables (P = 0.0284). Although the final result presented in this report does not agree with the theoretical bases on which this research was based (since in those studies there is a correlation between the analyzed variables), they have reliable information about the positive influence of the activity About good metabolic control. The results were mainly due to the fact that the optimum number of participants was not reached, which caused information bias both due to overestimation of physical activity and to the lack of recognition of important aspects by users, which affect the Metabolic control
item.page.dc.description
Tesis (Kinesiología)
Keywords
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2, Actividad Física, Factores de Riesgo, Chile, Región Metropolitana, Metabolismo