Detección molecular de los tipos de genes stx y de los genes de virulencia accesorios eae, saa, ehaA, iha y lpfA en cepas de Escherichia coli productora de toxina Shiga aisladas desde bovinos en Chile
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Archivos
Fecha
2024
Autores
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
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Editor
Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Escherichia coli productora de toxina Shiga (STEC) es un patógeno zoonótico
emergente que constituye una grave amenaza para la salud pública mundial debido a
las múltiples enfermedades que produce en animales y personas, como lo son la colitis
hemorrágica y el síndrome urémico hemolítico. El principal reservorio de STEC son los
bovinos debido a que se aloja en su tracto intestinal y, por ende, sus vehículos son
productos derivados como la carne.
Dado el impacto de este patógeno en la salud pública, este estudio tuvo por objetivo
determinar la presencia de STEC en bovinos de diversas regiones de Chile. Además,
dado que la virulencia de STEC no está dada solo por la presencia de los genes que
codifican para la toxina Shiga, sino también por sus adhesinas, que permiten su
colonización en el intestino de los bovinos y aumentan su virulencia, se buscaron los
genes de virulencia eae, saa, ehaA, iha y lpfA.
Para llevar a cabo este estudio se realizó un muestreo por conveniencia en seis
regiones de Chile, donde las muestras fueron analizadas por medio de técnicas de
microbiología clásica y molecular para determinar la presencia del patógeno y su
caracterización.
De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, fue posible concluir que si bien la tasa de
detección de STEC en este estudio fue baja, las cepas aisladas poseen virulotipos
asociados a enfermedad severa en personas, por lo que su impacto no debe
subestimarse.
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is an emerging zoonotic pathogen that poses a serious threat to global public health due to the various diseases it causes in animals and humans, such as hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic-uremic syndrome. The primary reservoir of STEC is cattle, as it resides in their intestinal tract, and thus, its vehicles include derived products like milk and meat. Anticipating a global and national increase in meat consumption in the coming years, this study aimed to determine the presence of STEC in cattle from multiple regions of Chile. Additionally, recognizing that the virulence of STEC is not solely determined by the presence of stx genes but also by adhesins, which allow its persistence in the cattle intestine and enhance its pathogenicity—albeit being highly variable from strain to strain—virulence genes eae, saa, ehaA, iha, and lpfA associated with severe disease were also investigated. To conduct this study, convenience sampling was carried out in six regions of Chile, where samples were analyzed using microbiological techniques and PCR to ascertain the presence of the pathogen and its virulence genes. Based on the results obtained, it was possible to conclude that while the detection rate of STEC in this study was low, the isolated strains possessed virulotypes associated with severe disease in humans, emphasizing that their impact should not be underestimated.
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is an emerging zoonotic pathogen that poses a serious threat to global public health due to the various diseases it causes in animals and humans, such as hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic-uremic syndrome. The primary reservoir of STEC is cattle, as it resides in their intestinal tract, and thus, its vehicles include derived products like milk and meat. Anticipating a global and national increase in meat consumption in the coming years, this study aimed to determine the presence of STEC in cattle from multiple regions of Chile. Additionally, recognizing that the virulence of STEC is not solely determined by the presence of stx genes but also by adhesins, which allow its persistence in the cattle intestine and enhance its pathogenicity—albeit being highly variable from strain to strain—virulence genes eae, saa, ehaA, iha, and lpfA associated with severe disease were also investigated. To conduct this study, convenience sampling was carried out in six regions of Chile, where samples were analyzed using microbiological techniques and PCR to ascertain the presence of the pathogen and its virulence genes. Based on the results obtained, it was possible to conclude that while the detection rate of STEC in this study was low, the isolated strains possessed virulotypes associated with severe disease in humans, emphasizing that their impact should not be underestimated.
Notas
Proyecto de título (Ingeniero en Biotecnología)
Palabras clave
Escherichia Coli, Investigaciones