Efectividad del cobre como antimicrobiano en superficies de clínicas odontológicas de la Universidad Andrés Bello sede Concepción
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2015
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Resumen
ANTECEDENTES
Existen numerosos estudios que demuestran las propiedades antimicrobianas del cobre, donde se reconoce como el primer material bactericida para su uso en superficies de contacto sólidas con diversas aplicaciones en salud (1). En chile, investigaciones realizadas demuestran la efectividad del cobre como antimicrobiano en superficies de uso médico, sin embargo no existen estudios de su aplicabilidad en superficies odontológicas.
JUSTIFICACIÓN
Evaluar el uso bactericida del cobre en las superficies odontológicas se fundamenta en la necesidad de comprobar su efectividad en la disminución de la contaminación cruzada y microorganismos patógenos a los que se encuentra expuesto el odontólogo y pacientes durante el proceso de atención.
OBJETIVOS
Determinar la efectividad del uso del cobre como antimicrobiano sobre las superficies de contacto en clínicas odontológicas de la Universidad Andrés Bello sede Concepción.
MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS
Estudio de tipo cuantitativo cuyo diseño es cuasi-experimental, pre y post con 2 grupos: de control y experimental, en superficies odontológicas de equipos cobrizados y no cobrizados de la facultad de odontología de la universidad Andrés Bello sede concepción. Se evaluó la presencia de microorganismos pre y post atención de pacientes, en: asa derecha de cada lámpara dental, asa derecha de cada bracket, llave del lavamanos, tiradores de gavetas y puertas mueble, con un total de 240 puntos cobrizados distribuidos en 18 box dentales, medición que fue calibrada en prueba piloto evaluando la concordancia interobservadores con un R= 0.95. Los resultados de las mediciones pre y post de equipos no crobizados se compararon con igual cantidad de puntos de medición. Los datos fueron procesados con el programa Statistical Package Social Science (SPSS), versión 22.0 para Windows y se utilizaron para el análisis test de tipo paramétrico para diferencias estadísticas. Se evaluó normalidad en la distribución de varíales con el test de KS y de acuerdo a los resultados se aplicó el test T de student para docimar diferencias entre las medias de las mediciones de los equipos cobrizados y no cobrizados.
RESULTADOS Los resultados demostraron el efecto antibacteriano que posee el cobre sobre las superficies de uso odontológico. Inicialmente en la toma de muestras microbiológicas previo a la higienización y uso de los boxes, las diferencias en el recuento de colonias bacterianas no fueron estadísticamente significativas (t de student valor p= mayor a 0,05), en comparación con la segunda toma de muestras microbiológicas, posterior a la higienización y uso de los boxes, en la cual el recuento de colonias bacterianas entre las superficies cobrizadas como no cobrizadas, mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las áreas de trabajo y atención dental (con una t de student valor p= menor a 0,05). En relación al área que presentaba mayor contaminación para todos los casos tanto de boxes cobrizados como no cobrizados, en la toma de muestras previa y posterior a la higienización y uso de los boxes fue el área de atención dental versus el área de trabajo que presento un menor recuento en el número de colonias bacterianas. CONCLUSIONES
Existe un importante grado de contaminación asociado a la práctica odontológica. Estos contaminantes pueden ser controlados y eliminados de forma efectiva por medio del cobre, logrando mantener en valores mínimos, el número de recuentos de unidades formadoras de colonias.
Se debe destacar que el uso de agentes químicos para la desinfección en complemento con las superficies cobrizadas relacionadas a la atención odontológica aumenta de manera preventiva la eliminación de microorganismos potencialmente patógenos y prejudiciales a la salud de nuestros pacientes y personal clínico.
BACKGROUND There are numerous studies that demonstrate the antimicrobial properties of copper, which is recognized as the first bacterial material for use in solid contact surfaces with various applications in health (1). In Chile, research shows the effectiveness of antimicrobial copper surfaces of medical use, but there are no studies of its applicability to dental surfaces. JUSTIFICATION You evaluate the bactericidal copper use in dental surfaces is based on the need to prove their effectiveness in reducing cross contamination and pathogens to which is exposed dentists and patients during care. GOALS To determine the effectiveness of the use of copper as an antimicrobial on the contact surfaces in dental clinics located Conception Andres Bello University. MATERIAL AND METHODS Quantitative study whose design is quasi-experimental, pre and post with 2 groups: control and experimental, in dental equipment surfaces cobrizados not cobrizados faculty of dentistry at the University Andres Bello based conception. The presence of pre and post care of patients microorganisms was evaluated in: asa right of each dental lamp, handle right of each bracket, key sink, drawer handles and cabinet doors, with a total of 240 points distributed in 18 cobrizados box dental, measurement was calibrated in pilot assessing interobserver concordance with R = 0.95. The results of the pre and post equipment crobizados no measurements were compared with an equal number of measurement points. The data were processed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 22.0 for Windows program and used for the analysis of parametric test for statistical differences. Normality was evaluated in the distribution of variable by using the KS test and the results according to the Student's t test for differences between means docimar measurements of equipment cobrizados and cobrizados not applied. INDINGS The results showed that the antibacterial effect has copper on the surfaces of dental use. Initially in making sanitizing and prior to use of the pits microbiological samples, differences in bacterial colony counts were not statistically significant compared to the second microbiological sampling, after sanitization and use of boxes, in which the counting of bacterial colonies between surfaces copperbond as copperbond, showed statistically significant differences in the areas of work and dental care. In relation to the area that had more pollution for all cases both boxes cobrizados as cobrizados, in making before and after the sanitation and use of pit samples was the dental care area versus the workspace file a lower counting the number of bacterial colonies. CONCLUSIONS There is a significant degree of contamination associated with dental practice. These contaminants can be controlled and effectively eliminated by copper, maintaining the minimum values in the number of counts of colony forming units. It should be noted that the use of chemical agents for disinfecting surfaces complement the copperbond related to dental care increases preemptively removing potentially pathogenic and referred to the health of our patients and clinicians microorganisms.
BACKGROUND There are numerous studies that demonstrate the antimicrobial properties of copper, which is recognized as the first bacterial material for use in solid contact surfaces with various applications in health (1). In Chile, research shows the effectiveness of antimicrobial copper surfaces of medical use, but there are no studies of its applicability to dental surfaces. JUSTIFICATION You evaluate the bactericidal copper use in dental surfaces is based on the need to prove their effectiveness in reducing cross contamination and pathogens to which is exposed dentists and patients during care. GOALS To determine the effectiveness of the use of copper as an antimicrobial on the contact surfaces in dental clinics located Conception Andres Bello University. MATERIAL AND METHODS Quantitative study whose design is quasi-experimental, pre and post with 2 groups: control and experimental, in dental equipment surfaces cobrizados not cobrizados faculty of dentistry at the University Andres Bello based conception. The presence of pre and post care of patients microorganisms was evaluated in: asa right of each dental lamp, handle right of each bracket, key sink, drawer handles and cabinet doors, with a total of 240 points distributed in 18 cobrizados box dental, measurement was calibrated in pilot assessing interobserver concordance with R = 0.95. The results of the pre and post equipment crobizados no measurements were compared with an equal number of measurement points. The data were processed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 22.0 for Windows program and used for the analysis of parametric test for statistical differences. Normality was evaluated in the distribution of variable by using the KS test and the results according to the Student's t test for differences between means docimar measurements of equipment cobrizados and cobrizados not applied. INDINGS The results showed that the antibacterial effect has copper on the surfaces of dental use. Initially in making sanitizing and prior to use of the pits microbiological samples, differences in bacterial colony counts were not statistically significant compared to the second microbiological sampling, after sanitization and use of boxes, in which the counting of bacterial colonies between surfaces copperbond as copperbond, showed statistically significant differences in the areas of work and dental care. In relation to the area that had more pollution for all cases both boxes cobrizados as cobrizados, in making before and after the sanitation and use of pit samples was the dental care area versus the workspace file a lower counting the number of bacterial colonies. CONCLUSIONS There is a significant degree of contamination associated with dental practice. These contaminants can be controlled and effectively eliminated by copper, maintaining the minimum values in the number of counts of colony forming units. It should be noted that the use of chemical agents for disinfecting surfaces complement the copperbond related to dental care increases preemptively removing potentially pathogenic and referred to the health of our patients and clinicians microorganisms.
Notas
Tesis (Cirujano Dentista, Grado de Magíster en Ciencias Odontológicas)
Palabras clave
Bactericida, Cobre, Agente antimicrobiano