Alteraciones en la postura como etiología de anomalías dentomaxilares : Scoping Review
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Fecha
2020
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Investigar la alteración postural corporal y cervical como etiología de anomalías dentomaxilares, mediante una revisión exploratoria.
Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda electrónica en el rango entre enero de 2010 y julio de 2020. Se incluyeron estudios con métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos, y se excluyeron aquellos que no se ajustaron al marco conceptual propuesto.
Resultados: Se revisaron 11 publicaciones, correspondientes a estudios transversales, que relacionaron las condiciones en el plano sagital, transversal y vertical, mediante la evaluación cefalométrica de la clase esqueletal, o mediante la examinación clínica y clase molar.
Lo más reportado fue una mayor extensión de cabeza, según parámetros de Solow, en sujetos clase II. Se reportó flexión asociada significativamente a clase III, y a mordida abierta anterior esqueletal y apiñamiento dentario. La lordosis cervical mostró asociación significativa con la curvatura rectificada en clase III, y no significativamente, con la curvatura acentuada en clase II. Se correlacionó positivamente la lordosis con rotación mandibular posterior y ángulo de base de cráneo aumentado. Las alteraciones posturales corporales fueron significativas en anomalías dentomaxilares transversales.
Conclusiones: La evidencia es inadecuada para establecer etiología por ser estudios transversales.
La mayor relación entre postura craneocervical y anomalías dentomaxilares es en el plano sagital, en la extensión de la cabeza de clases II esqueletales. Entre postura corporal y anomalías dentomaxilares es en el plano transversal, en la escoliosis y la mordida cruzada. El diagnóstico postural corporal fue mediante examinación clínica, y el de alteración cervical mediante cefalometría.
Se necesitan estudios con metodología homologada, idealmente longitudinales.
To investigate the corporal and cervical postural alteration as an etiology of dentomaxillary anomalies, through an scoping review. Methodology: An electronic research was carried out in the range between january 2010 and july 2020. Studies with quantitative and qualitative methods were included, and excluded those that did not adjust to the theoretical framework proposed. Results: 11 publications were reviewed, corresponding to cross-sectional studies, which linked the conditions in the sagittal, transversal and vertical planes, through the cephalometric evaluation of the skeletal class, or by means of the clinical examination and molar class. The most reported was an increased head extension, according to Solow parameters, in class II subjects. Head flexion was significantly associated with class III, and with skeletal anterior open bite, and lower crowding. Cervical lordosis showed significant association with straighter cervical curvature in class III, and a non-significantly with heightened cervical curvature in class II subjects. Lordosis was also positively correlated with posterior jaw rotation and an increased cranial base angle. Body postural alterations were significantly associated with transversal dentomaxillary abnormalities. Conclusions: The evidence is inadequate to establish etiology due to cross-sectional studies. The higher relation between craniocervical posture and dentomaxillary abnormalities are in the sagittal plane, with the extension of the head in skeletal class II subjects. While posture alterations and dentomaxillary abnormalities are the transversal plane, between scoliosis and crossbite. Body posture diagnosis has been made primarily with clinical examination, and cervical postural impairment through cephalometry has been used for evaluation. Studies with approved methodology, ideally longitudinal studies are needed.
To investigate the corporal and cervical postural alteration as an etiology of dentomaxillary anomalies, through an scoping review. Methodology: An electronic research was carried out in the range between january 2010 and july 2020. Studies with quantitative and qualitative methods were included, and excluded those that did not adjust to the theoretical framework proposed. Results: 11 publications were reviewed, corresponding to cross-sectional studies, which linked the conditions in the sagittal, transversal and vertical planes, through the cephalometric evaluation of the skeletal class, or by means of the clinical examination and molar class. The most reported was an increased head extension, according to Solow parameters, in class II subjects. Head flexion was significantly associated with class III, and with skeletal anterior open bite, and lower crowding. Cervical lordosis showed significant association with straighter cervical curvature in class III, and a non-significantly with heightened cervical curvature in class II subjects. Lordosis was also positively correlated with posterior jaw rotation and an increased cranial base angle. Body postural alterations were significantly associated with transversal dentomaxillary abnormalities. Conclusions: The evidence is inadequate to establish etiology due to cross-sectional studies. The higher relation between craniocervical posture and dentomaxillary abnormalities are in the sagittal plane, with the extension of the head in skeletal class II subjects. While posture alterations and dentomaxillary abnormalities are the transversal plane, between scoliosis and crossbite. Body posture diagnosis has been made primarily with clinical examination, and cervical postural impairment through cephalometry has been used for evaluation. Studies with approved methodology, ideally longitudinal studies are needed.
Notas
Trabajo de titulación (Licenciado en Odontología)
Palabras clave
Alteraciones Posturales, Maloclusión, Mordida cruzada, Anomalía dentomaxilar, Ortodoncia, Chile