Incorporación de profesionales de la salud para la prevención de la pérdida de funcionalidad y autonomía en las personas mayores en contexto de vulnerabilidad socieconómica, un rapid review : una necesidad crucial para el envejecimiento saludable
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Fecha
2024
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
RESUMEN
Introducción: El presente estudio aborda la pérdida de funcionalidad y autonomía en personas mayores socioeconómicamente vulnerables y su relevancia en contexto de un crecimiento en la población envejecida a nivel mundial. Se resalta la complejidad de este fenómeno y la influencia de variados factores que se interrelacionan.
Metodología: Se realizó una Revisión Rápida, basada en la recopilación y síntesis de resultados de estudios, orientados a resolver los objetivos de esta investigación. Se aplicaron criterios de elegibilidad para la selección de estudios, realizando búsquedas avanzadas en PubMed y EBSCO-Host, y se utilizó Rayyan como herramienta para el análisis de los datos.
Resultados: Se analizaron 161 artículos, de los cuales 29 fueron incluidos para su revisión. Se identificaron variados elementos que determinaban la pérdida de funcionalidad y autonomía en personas mayores con vulnerabilidad socioeconómica, dentro de los que destacan la baja alfabetización financiera, el deterioro físico/cognitivo, el aislamiento social entre otras.
Discusión: Los resultados muestran la complejidad y la interrelación de los diversos factores que contribuyen a la pérdida de funcionalidad y autonomía en las personas mayores socioeconómicamente vulnerables. Se consideró la necesidad de intervenciones y estrategias orientadas a la prevención y manejo de esta condición, haciendo hincapié en la relevancia de la formación de profesionales de la salud y el desarrollo de políticas inclusivas que integren a la persona, su ambiente, contexto climático y habitacional entre otros.
Conclusión: El estudio concluye que abordar la pérdida de funcionalidad y autonomía en las personas mayores socioeconómicamente vulnerables requiere una atención integral y multidisciplinaria, centrada en la necesidad de promover políticas públicas ad-hoc y programas de intervención que busquen mejorar la calidad de vida y el bienestar de esta población, reconociendo sus necesidades específicas y fomentando una sociedad inclusiva y respetuosa durante su proceso de envejecimiento.
ABSTRACT Background: The present study addresses the loss of functionality and autonomy in socioeconomically vulnerable older people and its relevance in the context of a growth in the aging population worldwide. The complexity of this phenomenon and the influence of various interrelated factors are highlighted. Methods: A Rapid Review was carried out, based on the compilation and synthesis of study results, aimed at resolving the objectives of this research. We applied eligibility criteria for study selection, performing advanced searches in PubMed and EBSCO-Host, and used Rayyan as a tool for data analysis. Results: A total of 161 articles were analyzed, of which 29 were included for review. Various elements were identified that determined the loss of functionality and autonomy in older people with socioeconomic vulnerability, including low financial literacy, physical/cognitive deterioration, social isolation, among others. Discussion: The results show the complexity and interrelationship of the various factors that contribute to the loss of functionality and autonomy in socioeconomically vulnerable older people. The need for interventions and strategies aimed at the prevention and management of this condition was considered, emphasizing the relevance of the training of health professionals and the development of inclusive policies that integrate the person, their environment, climate and housing context, among others. Conclusion: The study concludes that addressing the loss of functionality and autonomy in socioeconomically vulnerable older people requires comprehensive and multidisciplinary care, focused on the need to promote ad-hoc public policies and intervention programs that seek to improve the quality of life and well-being of this population, recognizing their specific needs and fostering an inclusive and respectful society during their aging process.
ABSTRACT Background: The present study addresses the loss of functionality and autonomy in socioeconomically vulnerable older people and its relevance in the context of a growth in the aging population worldwide. The complexity of this phenomenon and the influence of various interrelated factors are highlighted. Methods: A Rapid Review was carried out, based on the compilation and synthesis of study results, aimed at resolving the objectives of this research. We applied eligibility criteria for study selection, performing advanced searches in PubMed and EBSCO-Host, and used Rayyan as a tool for data analysis. Results: A total of 161 articles were analyzed, of which 29 were included for review. Various elements were identified that determined the loss of functionality and autonomy in older people with socioeconomic vulnerability, including low financial literacy, physical/cognitive deterioration, social isolation, among others. Discussion: The results show the complexity and interrelationship of the various factors that contribute to the loss of functionality and autonomy in socioeconomically vulnerable older people. The need for interventions and strategies aimed at the prevention and management of this condition was considered, emphasizing the relevance of the training of health professionals and the development of inclusive policies that integrate the person, their environment, climate and housing context, among others. Conclusion: The study concludes that addressing the loss of functionality and autonomy in socioeconomically vulnerable older people requires comprehensive and multidisciplinary care, focused on the need to promote ad-hoc public policies and intervention programs that seek to improve the quality of life and well-being of this population, recognizing their specific needs and fostering an inclusive and respectful society during their aging process.
Notas
Actividad Final de (Magíster en Neurorrehabilitación)
Palabras clave
Ancianos, Calidad de Vida, Cuidado