Aplicación del método NAKAMURA H/V, para el estudio de sedimentos lacustres en la población Vergara, Viña del Mar, Chile
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Fecha
2020
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
La población Vergara, ubicada sobre la cuenca del estero Marga-Marga en la ciudad de Viña del Mar ha visto sus edificaciones dañadas debido a los últimos grandes sismos, en particular los ocurridos en los años 1906, 1985 y 2010. Estos daños se han asociado a la presencia de la supuesta falla Marga-Marga o a una laguna de sedimentos lacustres ubicada a 20 metros de profundidad bajo la población Vergara; donde uno de estos factores se encuentra amplificando las ondas sísmicas. Este estudio se enfoca en estudiar la ubicación espacial y geometría de los depósitos lacustres que se encuentran bajo la población Vergara y evaluar si esta es responsable de la amplificación sísmica que sufre la ciudad. Por lo tanto, mediante la técnica HVSR o Nakamura, se estudian ubicaciones donde se conoce mediante estudios anteriores la presencia de sedimentos lacustres en profundidad. Los resultados obtenidos corresponden a seis curvas H/V de las cuales se obtiene el periodo y la frecuencia fundamental de un depósito de suelo. A través de estos datos es posible estimar la profundidad del basamento, ubicación de sedimentos lacustres, tipo de sedimentos y la amplificación sísmica del suelo. De acuerdo con los datos obtenidos es posible determinar que los sedimentos lacustres en la población Vergara se presentan en forma de bolsones en forma puntual y son responsables de la amplificación símica ocurrida asociada a la ubicación de los bolsones de sedimento lacustre.
The Vergara population, located on the Marga-Marga estuary basin in the city of Viña del Mar, has seen its buildings damaged due to the last major earthquakes, particularly those that occurred in 1906, 1985 and 2010. These damages have been associated with the presence of the supposed Marga-Marga fault or a lagoon of lake sediments located 20 meters deep under the Vergara population; where one of these factors is amplifying seismic waves. This study focuses on studying the spatial location and geometry of the lake deposits found under the Vergara population and evaluating whether it is responsible for the seismic amplification suffered by the city. Therefore, using the HVSR or Nakamura technique, locations are studied where the presence of lake sediments in depth is known from previous studies. The results obtained correspond to six H / V curves from which the period and fundamental frequency of a soil deposit are obtained. Through these data it is possible to estimate the depth of the basement, location of lake sediments, type of sediments and the seismic amplification of the soil. According to the data obtained, it is possible to determine that the lake sediments in the Vergara population appear in the form of pockets in a specific way and are responsible for the simic amplification that occurred associated with the location of the lake sediment pockets.
The Vergara population, located on the Marga-Marga estuary basin in the city of Viña del Mar, has seen its buildings damaged due to the last major earthquakes, particularly those that occurred in 1906, 1985 and 2010. These damages have been associated with the presence of the supposed Marga-Marga fault or a lagoon of lake sediments located 20 meters deep under the Vergara population; where one of these factors is amplifying seismic waves. This study focuses on studying the spatial location and geometry of the lake deposits found under the Vergara population and evaluating whether it is responsible for the seismic amplification suffered by the city. Therefore, using the HVSR or Nakamura technique, locations are studied where the presence of lake sediments in depth is known from previous studies. The results obtained correspond to six H / V curves from which the period and fundamental frequency of a soil deposit are obtained. Through these data it is possible to estimate the depth of the basement, location of lake sediments, type of sediments and the seismic amplification of the soil. According to the data obtained, it is possible to determine that the lake sediments in the Vergara population appear in the form of pockets in a specific way and are responsible for the simic amplification that occurred associated with the location of the lake sediment pockets.
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Tesis (Geólogo)
Palabras clave
Viña del Mar (Chile), Estudios Comparados, Instrumentos de Medición, Microzonificación, Sedimentos lacustres, Sismología