Geotextiles y sus aplicaciones en obras de construcción
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Fecha
2003
Autores
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Los Geosintéticos son uno de los últimos productos de la ingeniería de materiales y van tomando cada día más importancia en el desarrollo de las obras de infraestructura hidráulica y de saneamiento, lo mismo que en transporte y medio ambiente.
Son derivados de hidrocarburos como el polipropileno y el poliéster, en forma de fibras, monofilamentos, multifilamentos y otros. La combinación o arreglo de éstas da origen a varias clases de productos con funciones diversas, como los geotextiles, las geomallas, las geomembranas y las georedes; al combinar algunos de estos se obtiene los geocompuestos.
Su mayor aplicación se encuentra en la ingeniería geotécnica, la construcción y la ingeniería ambiental. Habiéndose comprobado su mayor utilidad en el mejoramiento de suelos, en el control de la contaminación y en la contención de desechos sólidos y líquidos.
Sirven para separar, reforzar, filtrar, drenar, aislar o impermeabilizar. Siendo su instalación rápida y fácil, permiten reemplazar materiales naturales, garantizando buena durabilidad y uniformidad.
El presente trabajo de título analiza desde el punto de vista técnico los geotextiles utilizados en obras de ingeniería, describe sus características y principales aplicaciones con el fin de orientar a los proyectistas y diseñadores sobres los beneficios que estos productos aportan al ser incluidos en los proyectos, se citan algunos ejemplos reales de aplicación en Chile.
Geosynthetics are soMe of the latest products in Materials Engineering, and they are becoming more important everyday in the development of sanitation and hydraulic substructure works, as well as in transportation and environmental jobs. They are derivative from hydrocarbons such as polypropylene and polyester in the shape of fibers, monowires, multiwires and others. The combination or arrangement of these shapes creates several types of products, each with different functions, such as geotextiles, geogrids, geomembranes, and geonets; besides, when combining some of them, they result in geocompounds. Their major use is found in geotechnical engineering , construction, and environmental engineering. However, its principal contribution has been proved to be in soil improvement, pollution control, and solid and liquid waste content. They are used to separate, reinforce, filtrate, drain, isolate or waterproof. Since they are easy to install, they allow the replacement of natural materials; good quality and uniformity guaranteed. The present thesis analyzes, from a technical point of view, geotextiles utilized in engineering works. lt also describes their characteristics and major applications so as to orient designers about the benefits that these products bring when included in projects. Some actual examples of their uses in Chile are mentioned in the work.
Geosynthetics are soMe of the latest products in Materials Engineering, and they are becoming more important everyday in the development of sanitation and hydraulic substructure works, as well as in transportation and environmental jobs. They are derivative from hydrocarbons such as polypropylene and polyester in the shape of fibers, monowires, multiwires and others. The combination or arrangement of these shapes creates several types of products, each with different functions, such as geotextiles, geogrids, geomembranes, and geonets; besides, when combining some of them, they result in geocompounds. Their major use is found in geotechnical engineering , construction, and environmental engineering. However, its principal contribution has been proved to be in soil improvement, pollution control, and solid and liquid waste content. They are used to separate, reinforce, filtrate, drain, isolate or waterproof. Since they are easy to install, they allow the replacement of natural materials; good quality and uniformity guaranteed. The present thesis analyzes, from a technical point of view, geotextiles utilized in engineering works. lt also describes their characteristics and major applications so as to orient designers about the benefits that these products bring when included in projects. Some actual examples of their uses in Chile are mentioned in the work.
Notas
Tesis (Constructor Civil)
Palabras clave
Geotextiles, Materiales de Construcción