Identificación de sectores favorables para la recarga artificial de acuíferos en la cuenca del Río Maipo mediante evaluación multicriterio
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Fecha
2023
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Debido a los efectos del cambio climático y de la escasez hídrica que afecta a la Cuenca del Río Maipo,
se realizó una evaluación de zonas favorables para la recarga artificial de acuíferos por medio de una
evaluación multicriterio en el software ArcGIS Pro, para esto, se realizó una modificación en la
metodología de Boyás et al. (2021). Esta evaluación se llevó a cabo por medio de la reclasificación de
6 parámetros: litología, pendientes, usos de suelo, densidad de drenaje, capacidad de infiltración y
distancia a ríos. La importancia de estos parámetros varía en función de su clasificación (muy bajo,
bajo, medio, alto y muy alto), en donde la contribución muy bajo indica zonas muy poco favorables
para la recarga y la contribución muy alto indica zonas muy favorables para la recarga. Al superponer
estos mapas se generó un mapa final de zonas potenciales para la recarga artificial, a partir del cual,
se seleccionó como zona de recarga un área ubicada en el sector Norte de la comuna de Pirque a un
costado del cauce del Río Maipo, el cual es de régimen nival, por lo que, la recarga podría realizarse
solo durante los meses de deshielo. Para realizar la recarga, se optó por la instalación de 47 zanjas de
infiltración, que tendrían la capacidad de infiltrar un caudal de 767,5 L/s, lo que generaría en la zona
un aumento del nivel estático de 18,5 m.
Due to the effects of climate change and water scarcity affecting the Maipo River Basin, an evaluation of favourable areas for the artificial recharge of aquifers was carried out by means of a multi-criteria evaluation in the ArcGIS Pro software, using a modification of the methodology of Boyás et al. (2021). This assessment was carried out by reclassifying 6 parameters: lithology, slopes, land use, drainage density, infiltration capacity and distance to rivers. The importance of these parameters varies according to their classification (very low, low, medium, high and very high), where very low contribution indicates areas very unfavourable for recharge and very high contribution indicates areas very favourable for recharge. By superimposing these maps, a final map of potential zones for artificial recharge was generated, from which an area located in the northern sector of the municipality of Pirque was selected as a recharge zone, next to the course of the Maipo River, which has a snowy regime, so that recharge could only be carried out during the months of snowmelt. To carry out the recharge, it was decided to install 47 infiltration ditches, which would have the capacity to infiltrate a flow of 767.5 L/s, which would generate an increase in the static level of 18.5 m in the area.
Due to the effects of climate change and water scarcity affecting the Maipo River Basin, an evaluation of favourable areas for the artificial recharge of aquifers was carried out by means of a multi-criteria evaluation in the ArcGIS Pro software, using a modification of the methodology of Boyás et al. (2021). This assessment was carried out by reclassifying 6 parameters: lithology, slopes, land use, drainage density, infiltration capacity and distance to rivers. The importance of these parameters varies according to their classification (very low, low, medium, high and very high), where very low contribution indicates areas very unfavourable for recharge and very high contribution indicates areas very favourable for recharge. By superimposing these maps, a final map of potential zones for artificial recharge was generated, from which an area located in the northern sector of the municipality of Pirque was selected as a recharge zone, next to the course of the Maipo River, which has a snowy regime, so that recharge could only be carried out during the months of snowmelt. To carry out the recharge, it was decided to install 47 infiltration ditches, which would have the capacity to infiltrate a flow of 767.5 L/s, which would generate an increase in the static level of 18.5 m in the area.
Notas
Tesis (Geóloga)
Palabras clave
Recarga de Aguas Subterráneas, Sistemas de Información Geográfica, Chile, Río Maipo (Cuenca)