Bisílabos fonéticamente balanceados para la evaluación logoaudiométrica en niños
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2012
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
El siguiente trabajo tiene como propósito confeccionar un material fonético balanceado, de palabras bisilábicas de uso común en Chile, para su utilización en la evaluación audiométrica en la discriminación de la palabra infantil. Lo anterior se obtiene a partir de la recolección y clasificación de palabras bisilábicas familiares fonéticamente balanceadas, conocidas por niños entre 6 a 12 años, las cuales se proporcionan por cuidadores, padres y profesores en la ciudad de Santiago de Chile.
Para la determinación de la familiaridad de las palabras, se someten a un juicio de expertos. A partir de los resultados obtenidos se diseña un instrumento que contiene los bisílabos seleccionados, el cual permite conformar tres listados de 50 palabras bisilábicas, divididos en 6 sublistas de 25 palabras, excluyendo las palabras que tengan poca familiaridad y siendo rigurosamente balanceados según normativas audiológicas actuales que establece la literatura especializada y entidades internacionales como la "International Standard Organization" (ISO), la American National Standards lnstitute" (ANSI) y la "American Speech- Language & Hearing Association" (ASHA).
La igual audibilidad de estos listados se determina a través de la aplicación en una muestra a 30 estudiantes de fonoaudiología normoyentes, sin patología auditiva, con edad promedio de 21 años, incorporando 15 hombres y 15 mujeres, con un total de 60 oídos.
Los resultados de la evaluación que incorpora los parámetros de audibilidad, con respecto a umbrales de detección (SDT), umbral de reconocimiento (SRT), y el umbral de discriminación auditiva (UMD), evidencian el comportamiento de los oídos evaluados con resultados ascendentes en un 100%, evidenciando una concordancia con respecto a la frecuencia de uso para cada fonema estudiado, dando fiabilidad en cuanto a homogeneidad en contenido acústico y fonético utilizado en este estudio.
The intended purpose of this work is to make a balanced two-syllable phonetic material of everyday use in Chile in order to use it on the audiometric evaluation for children words discrimination. The information was obtained through the collection and classification of two-familiarly-phonetically-balanced-syllable words, known by children between 6 and 12 years old, they were provided by child carers, parents and teachers of the city of Santiago de Chile. To establish the familiarity of the words, they were judged by experts. Through the obtained results an instrument with the selected two-syllables is design, which allows to make three lists of 50 two-syllables words, divided into 6 sub-lists with 25 words excluding the words that are not familiar and being thoroughly balanced according to current standards stated in specialized literature and international entities such as the "International Standard Organization" (ISO), the "American National Standards nstitute'l 'American peec - anguage & Hearing Association" (ASHA). The equal audibility of these lists is determined through the application over a sample of 30 audiology students with an average age of 21 years old, sampling a total of 60 sounds usually without auditory pathology to 15 men and 15 women. The results of the evaluation with the parameters regarding to signal detection theory (SDT), (SRT) and the (UMD), evidence 100% ascendant results of the behavior of the evaluated hearings, showing a concordance with the frequency of use for each studied phoneme, giving assurance regarding homogeneity in acoustic and phonetic content used in this study.
The intended purpose of this work is to make a balanced two-syllable phonetic material of everyday use in Chile in order to use it on the audiometric evaluation for children words discrimination. The information was obtained through the collection and classification of two-familiarly-phonetically-balanced-syllable words, known by children between 6 and 12 years old, they were provided by child carers, parents and teachers of the city of Santiago de Chile. To establish the familiarity of the words, they were judged by experts. Through the obtained results an instrument with the selected two-syllables is design, which allows to make three lists of 50 two-syllables words, divided into 6 sub-lists with 25 words excluding the words that are not familiar and being thoroughly balanced according to current standards stated in specialized literature and international entities such as the "International Standard Organization" (ISO), the "American National Standards nstitute'l 'American peec - anguage & Hearing Association" (ASHA). The equal audibility of these lists is determined through the application over a sample of 30 audiology students with an average age of 21 years old, sampling a total of 60 sounds usually without auditory pathology to 15 men and 15 women. The results of the evaluation with the parameters regarding to signal detection theory (SDT), (SRT) and the (UMD), evidence 100% ascendant results of the behavior of the evaluated hearings, showing a concordance with the frequency of use for each studied phoneme, giving assurance regarding homogeneity in acoustic and phonetic content used in this study.
Notas
Tesis (Fonoaudiológo)
Palabras clave
Logoaudiometría en Niños