Evaluación técnica-económica del uso de losas de hormigón con geometría optimizada en la rehabilitación de pavimentos asfálticos
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Fecha
2018
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
Diariamente es común transitar por pavimentos de tipo asfálticos que presenten deterioros tempranos de carácter superficial o estructural los cuales son ocasionados generalmente por el aumento imprevisto de la cantidad de vehículos que transitan por ellos lo que genera que nuestros viajes no sean totalmente eficientes y en algunos casos peligrosos, es por ello por lo que díaa día se presentan nuevas metodologías que permiten corregir estas deficiencias permitiendo que la vida útil de estos pavimentos se cumpla satisfactoriamente. El año 2007 un grupo de chilenos conformaron la empresa TC Pavements con el fin de patentar e implementar una tecnología que consiste básicamente en el desarrollo de losas de hormigón con geometría optimizada, vale decir, losas más pequeñas que sean capaces de soportar solo un conjunto de ruedas disminuyendo así las tensiones generadas por el tránsitode automóviles, permitiendo reducir el espesor de estas losas y generar tanto ahorros de carácter económico como en tiempos de ejecución situación que en algunos casos le ha permitido competir directamente con la utilización del asfalto para construcción de carreteras o caminos. Es por ello que el objetivo principal de esta investigación se basa en comparar este tipo de metodología frente a la utilizada comúnmente en nuestro país (recapado asfáltico) para la rehabilitación de un tramo de pavimento asfáltico ya deteriorado que presenta los 3 tipos de fallas superficiales más comunes. Para ello se realizan comparaciones del tipo técnicas como económicas que permiten determinar si este tipo de tecnología es realmente aplicable bajo ciertos parámetros en la rehabilitación de pavimentos asfálticos en Chile.Los resultados de la investigación demuestran que los costos económicos de implementar esta tecnología son un 27% aproximadamente más altos en comparación con el método asfáltico en estudio, incluso cuando se trató de llevar al espesor mínimo la losa de hormigón. Lo que no descarta que sea una alternativa adecuada para diseños de pavimentos nuevos.
Daily it is common to travel through pavements of asphalt type that present early deteriorations of superficial or structural character which are usually caused by the unforeseen increase of the number of vehicles that transit by them what it generates that our trips are not totally efficient and in some cases dangerous, that is why day by day new methodologies are presented that allow to correct these deficiencies allowing the useful life of these pavements to be fulfilled satisfactorily. The year 2007 a group of Chileans formed the company TCPavements in order to patent and implement a technology that consists basically in the development of concrete slabs with optimized geometry, that is, smaller slabs that are able to withstand only a set of wheels thus reducing the tensions generated by the traffic of cars, allowing to reduce the thickness of these slabs and to generate both economic savings and in times of execution situation that in some cases has allowed him to compete Directly with the use of asphalt to build highway or roads. That is why the main objective of this research is based on comparing this type of methodology compared to the one commonly used in our country (asphalt resurfacing) for the rehabilitation of a stretch of asphalt pavement already deteriorated that presents the 3 types of common surface failures. In order to do so, technical and economic benchmarks are made to determine whether this type of technology is actually applicable under certain parameters in the rehabilitation of asphalt pavements in Chile. The results of the research show that the economic costs of implementing this technology are 27% approximately higher compared to the asphalt method under study, even when it was tried to bring to the minimum thickness the concrete slab. What does not rule out is an appropriate alternative for new paving designs.
Daily it is common to travel through pavements of asphalt type that present early deteriorations of superficial or structural character which are usually caused by the unforeseen increase of the number of vehicles that transit by them what it generates that our trips are not totally efficient and in some cases dangerous, that is why day by day new methodologies are presented that allow to correct these deficiencies allowing the useful life of these pavements to be fulfilled satisfactorily. The year 2007 a group of Chileans formed the company TCPavements in order to patent and implement a technology that consists basically in the development of concrete slabs with optimized geometry, that is, smaller slabs that are able to withstand only a set of wheels thus reducing the tensions generated by the traffic of cars, allowing to reduce the thickness of these slabs and to generate both economic savings and in times of execution situation that in some cases has allowed him to compete Directly with the use of asphalt to build highway or roads. That is why the main objective of this research is based on comparing this type of methodology compared to the one commonly used in our country (asphalt resurfacing) for the rehabilitation of a stretch of asphalt pavement already deteriorated that presents the 3 types of common surface failures. In order to do so, technical and economic benchmarks are made to determine whether this type of technology is actually applicable under certain parameters in the rehabilitation of asphalt pavements in Chile. The results of the research show that the economic costs of implementing this technology are 27% approximately higher compared to the asphalt method under study, even when it was tried to bring to the minimum thickness the concrete slab. What does not rule out is an appropriate alternative for new paving designs.
Notas
Tesis (Ingeniero en Construcción)
Palabras clave
Pavimentos de Asfalto, Mantención y Reparación, Innovaciones Tecnológicas, Losas de Hormigón, Aspectos Económicos