Epidemiología de lesiones por presión en un hospital público de Santiago de Chile
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2019
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es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
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Licencia CC
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Introducción: Las Lesiones por Presión(LPP)son consideradas un problema importante de salud a nivel mundial con consecuenciasinterdimensionales que consideran ámbitos sociosanitarios yeconómicosque afectanla calidad de vida de los usuarios del sistema de salud y sus familias además dela recarga laboral en el personal de salud. En España entre un 3-11% de los pacientes que ingresan a servicios hospitalariosdesarrollan LPP, afirmando quecerca del 70% de estas se producen durante las primeras dos semanas de hospitalización. La literatura nacional al respecto es escasa, por lo que se dificulta su comparación con datos mencionados. Objetivo: Definir el perfil epidemiológico de las Lesiones por Presión de un hospital público de Santiago de Chile.Metodología:Consiste en un análisis secundario de los datos recolectados en el proyecto “Factoresde riesgo para el desarrollo de LPP, estudio multicéntrico” que realizó la identificación de aquellos factores predisponentes que permitieran la comparación entrediferentes instituciones y contrarrestar resultados.Estudiocuantitativo, observacional, descriptivo de base de datos secundaria, realizado en un solo centro de saludbuscando identificar su perfil epidemiológico relacionado a la problemática de LPP. Resultados:Se obtuvo una prevalencia de 26,24 por 100 pacientes que presentan LPP durante el proceso de hospitalización.Se evidenció mayor número de casos con LPP en la población masculina con un 57,53%.Se encuentra mayor incidencia de LPP en la Unidad de Paciente Crítico. Existe una mayor prevalencia en sitios anatómicos a nivel sacro y talones.
ntroduction: Pressure ulcers(PU) are considered a major global health problem with interdimensional consequences that consider socio-health and economic areas that affect the quality of life of users of the health system and their families in addition to work recharge in health staff. In Spain, between 3-11% of patients who enter hospital services develop PU, stating that about 70% of these occur during the first two weeks of hospitalization. The national literature in this regard is scarce, so it is difficult to compare it.Objective: Define the epidemiological profile of Pressure Ulcersof a public hospital in Santiago, Chile.Methodology: Secondary analysis of the data collected in the project “Risk factors for the development of PU, multicenter study” that made the identification of those predisposing factors that allowed the comparison between different institutions and counteract results. Quantitative, observational, descriptive study conducted in a single health center seeking to identify its epidemiological profile related to the problem of PU. Results: A prevalence of 26.24 per 100 patients who presented PUduring the hospitalization process was obtained. There was a greater number of cases with PUin the male population with 57.53%. A higher incidence of PUis found in the Critical Patient Unit. There is a higher prevalence in anatomical sites at the sacral level and heels.
ntroduction: Pressure ulcers(PU) are considered a major global health problem with interdimensional consequences that consider socio-health and economic areas that affect the quality of life of users of the health system and their families in addition to work recharge in health staff. In Spain, between 3-11% of patients who enter hospital services develop PU, stating that about 70% of these occur during the first two weeks of hospitalization. The national literature in this regard is scarce, so it is difficult to compare it.Objective: Define the epidemiological profile of Pressure Ulcersof a public hospital in Santiago, Chile.Methodology: Secondary analysis of the data collected in the project “Risk factors for the development of PU, multicenter study” that made the identification of those predisposing factors that allowed the comparison between different institutions and counteract results. Quantitative, observational, descriptive study conducted in a single health center seeking to identify its epidemiological profile related to the problem of PU. Results: A prevalence of 26.24 per 100 patients who presented PUduring the hospitalization process was obtained. There was a greater number of cases with PUin the male population with 57.53%. A higher incidence of PUis found in the Critical Patient Unit. There is a higher prevalence in anatomical sites at the sacral level and heels.
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Tesis (Magíster en Enfermería)
Palabras clave
Epidemiología, Salud Pública