Comparación del efecto de la intervención kinésica a través de la educación en pacientes asmáticos (leve-moderado) entre 9 y 15 años pertenecientes a la Sala IRA del CESFAM Barón
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Fecha
2013
Profesor/a Guía
Facultad/escuela
Idioma
es
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Universidad Andrés Bello
Nombre de Curso
Licencia CC
Licencia CC
Resumen
El objetivo y propósito de este trabajo es comprobar la efectividad de la aplicación de un protocolo de educación sobre el asma, en pacientes entre los 9 y 15 años con diagnóstico de asma leve o moderado que pertenecen al Consultorio Barón en la Región de Valparaíso, Chile.
Como hipótesis ocuparemos la aplicación de un protocolo de educación en asma, basado en proporcionar conocimientos en cuanto a la fisiopatología, tratamiento y manejo de la enfermedad, genera cambios significativos en la reducción de los síntomas de la patología, las crisis asmáticas (exacerbaciones), por ende la asistencia a servicios de urgencia y hospitalizaciones, mejorando la calidad de vida del paciente.
Fueron seleccionados 32 escolares y adolescentes, entre 9 y 15 años de edad, con diagnóstico médico de asma bronquial leve y moderado, inscritos en el Consultorio Barón de la Ciudad de Valparaíso, distribuidos en un grupo control (GC) el cual no recibió educación y un grupo experimental (GE) el cual recibió un protocolo de educación, en base a la entrega de un díptico que incluye la fisiopatología, método de aplicación de fármacos (inhaladores), qué hacer en caso de una exacerbación, y cuando acudir a urgencias. Luego se realizó una encuesta (CAN) basada en una serie de preguntas de selección múltiple, la cual evalúa el nivel de control de la patología. Posteriormente, se sometieron a una evaluación espirométrica y de flujometría, antes y después de la aplicación del protocolo, finalmente se reevaluaron a los pacientes mediante la aplicación de la encuesta (CAN), y se compararon los resultados del antes y del después.
Se realizó un análisis estadístico donde se utilizaron los datos promedio y desviación estándar aplicando la prueba t de Student, para obtener la varianza dentro del mismo grupo (antes y después) y entre Grupo Educado (GE) y el No Educado (GC).
Tha object and purpose of this work is to prove the efficacy of the application of a protocol for asthma education in patients between 9 and 15 years of age with a diagnosis of light or modérate asthma belonging to the “Consultorio Barón” in the Valparaiso Región, Chile. The application of a protocol of education in asthma, based on providing knowledge in respect of physiopathology, treatment and handling of the ailment, generates significant changes, reducing the symptoms of the pathology, the asthma crises (exacerbations) and as a result, reducing the quantity of visits to Emergency Facilities and hospitalizations, bringing about an improvement in the patient’s quality of life. A selection of 32 schoolchildren and adolescents, of between 9 and 15 years of age, with a medical diagnosis of light and modérate asthma, registered with the “Consultorio Barón” in the city of Valparaíso were separated into a Control Group (GC) which received no education and an experimental group (GE) which received an Educational Protocol consisting of the supply of a leaflet describing the physiopathology, methods of application of the medications (inhalers), what to do in case of exacerbation and when to go to the Emergency Facilities. After this, a quiz (CAN) was applied, consisting of múltiple choice questions with the purpose of evaluating the level of control of the pathology. Also, spirometry and flowmetry tests were applied, both before and after the application of the protocol and finally the patients were re-evaluated through the repetition of the quiz (CAN) y the results before and after were compared. A statistical study was made using Average and Standard Deviation data and applying the Student’s T-test to obtain the Variance within the same group (before and after) and between the trained Group (GE) and the untrained Group (GC).
Tha object and purpose of this work is to prove the efficacy of the application of a protocol for asthma education in patients between 9 and 15 years of age with a diagnosis of light or modérate asthma belonging to the “Consultorio Barón” in the Valparaiso Región, Chile. The application of a protocol of education in asthma, based on providing knowledge in respect of physiopathology, treatment and handling of the ailment, generates significant changes, reducing the symptoms of the pathology, the asthma crises (exacerbations) and as a result, reducing the quantity of visits to Emergency Facilities and hospitalizations, bringing about an improvement in the patient’s quality of life. A selection of 32 schoolchildren and adolescents, of between 9 and 15 years of age, with a medical diagnosis of light and modérate asthma, registered with the “Consultorio Barón” in the city of Valparaíso were separated into a Control Group (GC) which received no education and an experimental group (GE) which received an Educational Protocol consisting of the supply of a leaflet describing the physiopathology, methods of application of the medications (inhalers), what to do in case of exacerbation and when to go to the Emergency Facilities. After this, a quiz (CAN) was applied, consisting of múltiple choice questions with the purpose of evaluating the level of control of the pathology. Also, spirometry and flowmetry tests were applied, both before and after the application of the protocol and finally the patients were re-evaluated through the repetition of the quiz (CAN) y the results before and after were compared. A statistical study was made using Average and Standard Deviation data and applying the Student’s T-test to obtain the Variance within the same group (before and after) and between the trained Group (GE) and the untrained Group (GC).
Notas
Tesis (Kinesiólogo)
Palabras clave
Enfermedades Respiratorias, Terapia, Asma, Prevención y Control, Chile, Viña del Mar, Región de Valparaíso